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William Pitt, Earl of, one of the most illustrious of British statesmen. He attracted notice as Walpole’s opponent when he became member for Old Sarum. In 1756 he became Secretary of State and real head of the Government. Pie helped Wolfe and Clive to win Canada and India, and Frederick of Pru ia to subdue France. In 1768 he resigned, but advised a conciliatory policy towards the colonies. Plis advice was disregarded, and the colonies declared themselves independent in 1776. In 1778 Pitt died.