treddle2 (tredl)

[ cer. [Also tredille, tredrille (tre-dil', -dril'), n. tradrille; appar. formed in imitation of qua drille, I was playing at eighteen-penny tredrille with the Duche of Newcastle and Lady Browne. Walpole, To H. S. Conway, Sept. 27, 1774. tree (trē), n.; pl. trees , formerly also treen. [ triów (pl. treówu, treów, tréo) = ONorth. treó, trê , trêw = OS. trio , treo ( trew- ) = OFries. trē = MD. tree = Icel. trē = Sw. trä , wood, träd , tree, = Norw. tre = Dan. træ = Goth. triu (triw-), a tree, also wood, a piece of wood (both senses appar. existing in all the languages cited); not in HG. except as in the derived word cognate with E. tar1 (for the ordinary G. word, see holt1) (Teut. trew = Indo-Eur.derw-, dorw-, dru- ); = W. derw , also dar (pl. der i ) = OIr. dair (gen. darach ), daur (gen. daro, dara ), later Ir. darog, darag = OGael. dair, an oak; = (a) OBulg. drievo = Serv. drijevo Bohem. drzhevo = Pol. drzewo, a tree, = Upper Sorbian drevo, wood, = Little Ru . derevo, drevo = White Ru . drevo = Ru . derevo, drevo, a tree, = Lith. derv a, resinous wood (see tar1 ); ( b ) OBulg. druva, wood, = Sloven i an drva, wood, = Bulg. drŭvo, tree, drŭva, wood, = Serv. drvo, tree, drva, wood, = Bohem. drva, wood, Pol. drwa, wood, = Little Ru . dryva, dyrva = White Ru . drovy = Ru . drova, wood (orig. Slavic * dervo, tree, * druvo, chiefly in plural, wood); = Gr. δρῦς, a tree, esp. an oak-tree, δόρυ (orig. * δέρυ ), wood, timber, a spear, Skt. dāru, wood, a species of pine, dru, wood, = Zend dru, wood. By some explained as orig. 'a piece of wood peeled' or stripped of the bark; but the connection with Gr. δέρειν, skin, flay (= E. tearl ), is phonetically impo ible and notionally improbable, as the sense 'tree' is equally early in the records, and must have been earlier in fact; a standing tree would hardly derive its name from a name first given to a tree cut down and cut to pieces. Hence ult. tar1 and prob. trough1.] 1. A perennial plant which grows from the ground with a single permanent woody self-supporting trunk or stem, ordinarily to a height of at least 25 or 30 feet. The line which divides trees from shrubs is largely arbitrary, and dependent upon habit rather than size, the tree having a single trunk usually unbranched for some distance above the ground, while a shrub has usually several stems from the same root and each without a proper trunk. (See shrubl.) Certain trees are anomalous or ambiguous in various respects. One is the giant cactus, with its columnar woody stem (see saguaro ); another is the tree-fern. Some vines are of such dimensions as to form climbing trees-as, for example, species of Metro sideros in New Zealand, which at length destroy the supporting tree and stand in its place. The banana and plantain, though transient and somewhat herbaceous, are called trees from their size. In a special use a low plant (as a rose) trained into tree-form is called a tree. A large trained vine is also sometimes so called. In general, trees are either endogenous or exogenous, by far the greater number both of individuals and of species belonging to the latter cla . Those of which the whole foliage falls off period ically, leaving them bare in winter, are called deciduous; those of which the foliage falls only partially, a fresh crop of leaves being always supplied before the mature leaves are exhausted, are called evergreen. Trees are also distinguished as nuciferous, or nut-bearing; bacciferous, or berry-bearing; coniferous, or cone-bearing, etc. Some are forest-trees, and useful for timber or fuel; others are fruit trees, and cultivated in gardens and orchards; others serve chiefly for shade and ornament. Be it by ensample in somer-tyme on trowes , There som me bowes ben leued and som me bereth none. Piers Plowman (B), xv. 94. Then in the Forests should huge boughes be seen Born with the bodies of vnplanted Treen. 6453 In whose capacious hall, Hung with a hundred shields, the family tree Sprang from the midriff of a prostrate king. Tennyson, Aylmer's Field. IMG:content-0797.png:[blocks in formation] 4. The material of a tree; wood; timber. In a greet hous ben not oneli ve els of gold and of siluer, but also of tree and of erthe. Wyclif, 2 Tim. ii. 20. For wel ye knowe a lord in his houshold Ne hath nat every ve el al of gold: Somme been of tree and doon hir lord servyse. Chaucer, Prol. to Wife of Bath's Tale, 1. 101. No stone worke is in vse, their roofes of rafters bee, One linked in another fast, their wals are all of tree. Hakluyt's Voyages, I. 386. 5t. A piece of wood; a stick; specifically, a staff or cudgel. Lytell Johan toke none other mesure But his bowe tre. opo ums, and squirrels; compel to take refuge in a tree, as a man fleeing from wolves. Polly... told us how once her mother... had treed a painter, and kept him up in his perch for hours by threatening him whenever he offered to come down, until her husband came home and shot him. H. B. Stowe , Oldtown, p. 357. 2. Hence, figuratively, to deprive of the power of resistance; place at the mercy of an opponent; corner. [Colloq.] You are treed , and you can't help yourself. H. Kingsley, Geoffry Hamlyn, v. 3. To form or shape on a tree made for the particular use: as, to tree a boot. The proce of crimping, treeing , etc., in the manufacturing of leather into boots and shoes. C. T. Davis, Leather, p. 418. II. in trans. 1. To take refuge in a tree, as a hunted animal. [Rare.] Besides treeing , the [wild] cat will take advantage of some hole in the ground, and disappear, as suddenly as ghosts at cock-crowing. T. B. Thorpe , Backwoods, p. 180. ( Bartlett .) 21. To grow to the size of a tree. Fuller .-3. To take the form of a tree, or a tree-like shape, as a metal deposited from a solution of one of its salts under the action of an electric current. It will not prevent treeing ; and therefore it will not cure that defect, which is one of the most serious defects of the Faure battery. Science , IV. 392. tree-agate (trēʼag"āt), n. A variety of agate Lytell Geste of Robyn Hode (Child's Ballads, V. 57). with red, brown, or black dendritic or tree-like Anes I slew his sisters son, And on his breist-bane brak a tree . markings, found in India and Brazil. An artificial product so named is made by staining chalcedony or natural agate with tree-like markings. Johnie Arm strang (Child's Ballads, VI. 49). 6. In mech ., one of numerous pieces or framings of wood technically so called: generally in chotoma , of southwestern Africa. The hollowed