HALDANE, JAMES ALEXANDER

768-1851), Scot. preacher; 6. Dundee; ed. Edinburgh; entered East India Co.’s service, and rose to be captain; left the sea about 1795 and became an itinerant preacher in Scotland; subsequently 1799, became head of a Congregational body in Edinburgh; in later years adopted Baptist doctrines, Scot. theologian; served in navy during Fr. war, then devoted himself to religion; helped to form ‘Soc. for the Propagation of the Gospel.’ DON HALDANE), (1856), Brit. statesman; educated at Edinburgh and G6ttingen; Grey scholar and Ferguson scholar in philospohy of the four Scottish universities 1876; called to Hng. bar 4879; Gifford lecturer in St. Andrews Univ. 1902-4; M.P. for Hadding tons hire 1885-1911; Q.C. 1890; P.C. 1902; counsel for United Free Church before House of Lords 1904; took office for first time as secretary of state for war 1905, and held it until appointed lord chancellor 1912-15. Has written H ays on Philosophical Criticism (with Prof. Seth), Life of Adam Smith, Education and Empire, 1902; The Pathway to Reality, 1905; is translator (with Kemp) of Schopenhauer’s World as Will and Idea (8 vols.). As secretary for war he established the Territorial System, and practically created the British Expedia eery Force that went to France in He resigned in the cabinet crisis of May, 1916, but continued to act as a member of the judicial committee of the rivy Council, and in a variety of ways a isted in the prosecution of the war.