SPIRIT

n. SpPr'i2t. Lat., spiritus, alcool a tum. Fr., esprit, alcool at, teinture (/'e ence. Ger., Geist, Sprit. 1. Of the alchemists, any light or volatile principle, so called from the fanciful analogy existing between the relation of such a principle to the substance whence it was extracted and the relation of the body to the soul. 2. Alcohol, the volatile principle, or s., of wine; subsequently a term mainly restricted to preparations consisting of alcohol distilled with a volatile substance. Such preparations are now, however, usually made by simply di olving the volatile substance in alcohol. Used without qualification, s. means distilled s. [B.] A diaphoretic s. Of Boyle, an alcohol (acetone) obtained by the distillation of wood. [A, 306.]1 Adiaphorous s. Ger., Mittel- (liiti/xf/eixt. We in stein geist. An old name for an inodorous liquid obtained by distilling cream of tartar. [A, 322.J Animal s's. The nervous fluid (q. v.) supposed by the ancients to be formed by a mixture of blood and air. [H; K.] Ardent s's. See Distilled s's. Aromatic s. See AQUA aromatic a. Bay s. See BAY rum. Begum's volatile s. Lat., spiritus sulphur is volatilis Beguin i i. A blood-red oily liquid described by Beguin in the seventeenth century, prepared by mixing sulphur, quicklime, and sal ammoniac. It consists e entially of a volatile ammonium sulphide, together with an exce of sulphur. [B, 2, 3.] Distilled s's. Alcoholic beverages prepared by distillation. [B.].Dyer's s's. Tin tetrachloride, used as a mordant in dyeing. [B, 3.] Ethylic s. Ger., A ethyl geist. Ethyl alcohol. [B.j Methylated s., Methylic s. See METHYL ALCOHOL. Nitro-aerial s. Of Mayou, one of the constituents of the atmosphere, to which he attributed the properties of oxygen; so called from its relation to " nitric acid. [Yeo, Lancet," July 8, 1882, p. 1.] Overproof s. A spirituous liquor containing more alcohol than proof s. [B.] Perfumed s. See SPIRITUS odoratus. Potato s. See AMYL ALCOHOL. Proof s. Originally, a liquid containing sufficient alcohol to ignite gunpowder moistened with it when the s. was set on fire; now, according to an act of the British Parliament, a spirituous liquor of sp. gr. 0'923077 at 51 F. (i. e., having at that temperature f of the weight of as much water). It contains 49'3 per cent, by weight of alcohol. [B, 3.] See table under ETHYL ALCOHOL. Pyro acetic s. Ger., Brenze iggeist. See ACETONE. Pyroligneous s., Pyroxylic s. See METHYL ALCOHOL. Rectified s. See ETHYL ALCOHOL. S. of Miiidererus. See Liquor AMMONII a cet at is. Three-six s. 1. In general, any aqueous solution of alcohol ranging from 22 to 36 Beauine1, and having usually a strength of 33 Beaum6 (= 76 per cent, alcohol). 2. An old commercial term for an alcoholic solution of such strength that 3 volumes of it added to 3 volumes of water made 6 volumes of Holland proof s. (marking 19 Cartier). [B, 38, 81, 97.] Underproof s. A spirituous liquor containing le alcohol than proof s. [B.] Wood-s. See METHYL ALCOHOL. [s. 521]