Mehemet Ali

(mah'hā-mat ah'le,) pasha of Egypt, B. at Kavala, 1769, early entered the Turkish military service, and after a isting in the expulsion of the French from Egypt, and the rescue of Cairo from the Mamelukes, was made governor of the upper part of that country in 1806. In 1811, he carried into effect that ma acre of the Mamelukes (q. v.) which rid the Turkish dominions forever of a turbulent soldiery. In 1830, he carried his arms into and subdued Syria, of which he became ruler (under va alage to the Sultan) by consent of the leading European powers. In 1841, however, the Sultan, who had by this time become jealous of the power of M., entered into a treaty, in conjunction with the signatory powers to the ce ion of Syria, in virtue of which M. was obliged to give up that country to his sovereign, and content himself with the viceroyalty of Egypt, an office declared hereditary in his family. D. 1849. Méhul, ÉTIENNE HENRI, a French musical composer, B. in Givet, 1763; D. 1817. [s. 589]