romal2 (romal)

[Prop. * ramal, He rode ahead, on his blue-roan Indian pony, twirling his romal , a long leathern strap attached to the saddle, the end divided like a double whip-lash. Mary Hallock Foote , St. Nicholas, XIV. 33. Romalea (rō-mā lē-a), n . [NL. (Serville, 1831), prop. Rhomalea , ῥωμαλέος , strong of body, Lubber-gra hopper ( Romalea microptera ). large-bodied short-winged locusts, or short horned gra hoppers. R. microptera is the lubber gra hopper of the southern United States, sharing the English name with a similar but quite distinct species, Brachystola magna of the western States. Roman (ro'man), a. and n. [Early mod. E. also Romayne; To every Roman citizen he gives, To every several man, seventy-five drachmas. Shak., J. C., iii. 2. 246. Judea now, and all the Promised Land, Reduced a province under Roman yoke, Obeys Tiberius. Milton , P. R., iii. 158. Hence-2. Having some attribute deemed especially characteristic of the ancient Romans; noble; distinguished; brave; hardy; patriotic; stern. What's brave, what's noble, Let's do it after the high Roman fashion, And make death proud to take us. Shak., A. and C., iv. 15. 87. There is something fine, something Roman in the best sense, in the calm way in which the British Government of India looks upon itself as virtually eternal. Fortnightly Rev., N. S., XLIII. 7. 3. Pertaining to Rome ecclesiastically; of or pertaining to the Church of Rome; papal. The chief grounds upon which we separate from the Roman communion. Burnet. 4. [ l. c. or cap.] Noting a form of letter or type of which the text of this book is an example. It is the form preferred for books and newspapers by the Latin races and by English-speaking peoples. Three series are used conjointly in printing: (1) capitals, which are copies of Old Latin lapidary letters; (2) small capitals, a medieval Italian fashion, first made in type by Aldus Manutius in 1501; and (3) minuscule or lower-case letters, first made in type by Sweinheim and Pannartz at Subiaco in 1465, and afterward, of better form, by Jenson at Venice in 1471.-Holy Roman Empire. See empire. - Roman alum. See alum. - Roman architecture, the architecture of the ancient Romans, characterized by admirable development and application of the round arch and vault, and of stone and particularly brick masonry of all varieties, especially in small materials and with proper use of excellent cements and mortar, and by adoption of the Greek orders in general as mere exterior ornaments in lavishne of redundant and artificial decoration, and without under IMG:content-2426.jpg:[graphic] The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia Roman privileges, and gifts, as the supreme ruler, pastor, and teacher of the whole Catholic Church. Ecclesiastically, it is a hierarchy consisting of priests, bishops, and arch the relative position of the Jews and Gentiles to the law of God (natural and revealed), the rejection of the Jews, and the admi ion of the Gentiles. Abbreviated Rom . head of the church, and who is elected for life by the College of Cardinals from their own number. Every priest receives his consecration from a bishop or archbishop, and every bishop and archbishop holds his appointment from the Pope, by whose permi ion he must be consecrated. Celibacy is strictly enforced on the clergy. The doctrines of the church are contained in the decrees of the Council of Trent, and in a briefer form in the creed of Pius IV. (1564). This creed contains twelve articles, including an accep tance of the traditions and constitutions of the church and of the Scriptures as interpreted by the church; seven sac raments, nece ary for the salvation of mankind, though not all for every individual - namely, baptism, confirmation, eucharist, penance, extreme unction, orders, and matrimony; the doctrines concerning original sin and just if i cation defined by the decrees of the Council of Trent; the ma as a true propitiatory sacrifice; the real pres See ence and transubstantiation; purgatory; the invocation of the saints; the veneration of images; indulgences; and the supremacy of the The article, fined by the Vatican Council, involves the infallibility of the Pope. The worship of the Roman Catholic Church is an elaborate ritual, the central feature of it being the sacrifice of the ma , in which the real body and blood of Christ are believed to be corporeally present, each repetition of the ma being regarded as a real sacrifice for sin and as exercising a real efficacy in securing the salvation of those who in faith a ist at and partake of it. These doctrines and usages are, with some differences, largely also those of the Greek and some other churches. The most distinctive doctrines of the Roman Catholic Church are the papal supremacy and infallibility, the immaculate conception, and the purgatorial fire. Communion is given in one kind only. Roman Catholicism, the principles, doctrines, rules, etc., of the Roman Catholic Church collectively. - Roman Catholic Relief Acts, a series of English statutes of 1829, 1833, 1834, 1843, 1844, and 1846, removing the political disabilities of Roman Catholics. -Roman cement. See cement . - Roman collar ( eccles . ), a straight collar of lawn or linen, bound and stitched. It is worn by priests and clerics over a black collar, by bishops and prelates over a purple, and by cardinals over a scarlet one. It is modern and secular in its origin.Roman empire, the ancient empire of Rome, the beginning of which is generally placed at 31 B. C. Its division into Eastern and Western empires began in the fourth century. See Eastern Empire , Holy Roman Empire , and Western Empire , under empire . - Roman fever. fever1.- Roman hyacinth. See Hyacinth us. - Roman indiction. See indiction , 3. - Roman laurel, the true laurel, Laurus nobilis . - Roman law, the civil law; the system of jurisprudence finally elaborated in the ancient Roman empire. The principles of the Roman law have exerted an extraordinary influence over most systems of jurisprudence in continental Europe, and are incorporated in a remarkable degree with the law of Scotland. See civil law , under civil .-Roman lock, mosaic, nettle, nose, ocher. See the nouns. - Roman order, in arch., same as composite order . See composite , 3. - Roman pearl. See pearl . - Roman pitch. See pitch of a roof , under pitch1.- Roman pottery. See pottery . - Roman pronunciation. See pronunciation . - Roman punch, a water-ice, flavored usually with lemon, and mixed with rum or other spirit. - Roman red ware. Same as Sa mian ware (which see, under Samian ). Roman school, in art , the style of painting which prevailed at Rome in the beginning of the sixteenth century, and was developed from the art of Raphael (1483-1520), who in his later manner was the founder of the school. It was in no way a native school, being based on the art of Florence, and counting foreigners, for the most part, among its painters. Among the most prominent names of this school are Giulio Romano, Caravaggio, and the later Sa of err a to and Maratta. Roman string, a peculiarly fine variety of catgut string for violins and similar instruments, made in Italy. Roman surface, a surface invented by the geometer Steiner in Rome. See Steiner's surface, under surface. - Roman vitriol, white, etc. See the nouns. - Roman wormwood, one of the ragweeds, Ambrosia artemisiæfolia . See ragweed . =Syn. 1. Roman , Latin . Roman naturally applies to that which is especially a ociated or connected with the city, Rome; Latin to that which similarly belongs to the district, Latium. Hence, we speak Roman power, fortitude, administration; the Roman church; the Latin language. Nearly all the use of Latin has grown out of its application to the language: as, Latin grammar; a Latin idiom; the Latin Church. The words are not interchangeable.