Marhattas

See Mahrattas. - Mar he in eke (mär-hi'ne-ke), Philipp Konrad. Born at Hildesheim, Pru ia, May 1, 1780: died at Berlin, May 31, 1846. A German Protestant theologian and church historian. He became university preacher at Erlangen in 1804; profe or there in 1806; profe or at Heidelberg in 1807; and profe or and preacher at Berlin in 1811. He was the author of "Ge schichte der deutschen Reformation" (1816-34), etc. Maria (ma-ri'ä). [LL. Maria , Mary.] 1. In Shakspere's comedy "Twelfth Night," Olivia's For witty waiting-woman.-2. In Shakspere's comedy "Love's Labour's Lost," a lady attending the Prince of France.-3. In Beaumont and Fletcher's comedy "The Woman's Prize, or the Tamer Tamed," a sequel to Shakspere's "Taming of the Shrew," the daughter of Petrovius and second wife of Petruchio, whom she subjugates by a series of witty and well-planned attacks, as 5. completely as his first wife Katharine was tamed by him.-4. In Mas singer's "Bashful Lover," the daughter of Octavio. Disguised as a page, and called Ascanio, she resembles Imogen.-5. In Sheridan's "School for Scandal," a witty young girl who marries Charles Surface. IMG:content-0745.png:[ocr errors] 2 Maria (mä-rēʼä), Prince . Said to be an illegitimate daughter of King Robert of Sicily, beloved by Boccaccio and portrayed by him under the name Fiammetta. Maria Christina. Born at Naples, April 27, 1806: died at Havre, Aug. 22, 1878. Queen of Spain, wife of Ferdinand VII. She was regent for her daughter Isabella II. 1833-40. Maria Christina. Born July 21, 1858. Queen Regent of Spain Nov., 1885-1902, mother of Alfonso XIII. She is the second daughter of Arch- duke Karl Ferdinand of Austria, and married Alfonso XII., King of Spain, Nov. 29, 1879. Cologne, Maria de' Medici (mä-rē'ä dã mã dēchē), F. Marie de Médicis (mä-rē' dė mā-dē-sės'). Born at Florence, April 26, 1573: died at Col July 3, 1642. Queen consort of Henry IV. of France. She was the daughter of Francis of Tuscany; married Henry IV. in 1600; was regent of France 1610-17; and was exiled by Richelieu in 1631. Maria Louisa, F. Marie Louise. Born at Vi Maria gens (maʼri-ä jenz). A Roman plebeian gens. Its most celebrated member was Caius Marius. Mariage de Figaro, Le, ou La Folle Journée à la Mode. A comedy by Beau march a is, produced in 1784. It is the continuation of the "Barbier de Séville." In 1793 it was arranged to Mozart's music and represented at the Opera House, but in this shape was not succe ful. See Figaro and Nozze di Figaro . Mariage Forcé, Le. A comedy ballet by Molière, acted at the Louvre in 1664. Louis XIV. appeared in it as a gipsy, and the play was hence called the "Ballet du roi." See Sganarelle . Mariage Secret, Le. See Matrimonio Segreto . Mariamne (mā-ri-am'nē). [Gr. Μαριάμνη , a form of the Heb. Miriam .] 1. In Jewish history, granddaughter of Hyrcanus II., daughter of Alexandra, and wife of Herod I., executed by Herod in a savage fit of jealousy. She became famous in history by her beauty, noble character, and tragic fate. - 2. A daughter of the priest Simon, and wife of Herod I. who raised her father to the high-priesthood.-3. A sister of Agrippa II. Mariamne. 1. A tragedy by Alexandre Hardy, produced in 1610.-2. A tragedy by Tristan l'Hermite (1637).-3. A tragedy by Elijah Fenton (1723).-4. A tragedy by Voltaire (1724). Mariana (ma-ri-a'nä). In American colonial history, the name given by John Mason to the territory granted to him between the Salem. River and the Merrimac. Mariana. 1. In "All's Well that Ends Well," by Shakspere, a Florentine girl.-2. In "Mea Mariette Maricopa (mä-rē-kōpä). [Pl., also Maricopas .] A tribe of North American Indians, living in Arizona on the middle course of the Gila River. There are several hundred at the Pima agency, Arizona. See Yuman . Marie Amélie (mä-rē' ä-mā-lē'). Born at Ca- serta, Italy, 1782: died at Claremont, near Wind- sor, England, 1866. Queen consort of Louis Philippe of France. She was the daughter of Ferdi- I., king of the Two Sicilies, and married Louis Phi- lippe, duke of Orléans, who was chosen king of the French in 1830. She retired with her husband to England on his deposition in 1848. Marie Antoinette (mar'i an-toi-net'; F. pron. mä-rē' än-twä-net'), Josèphe Jeanne. Born at Vienna, Nov. 2, 1755: died at Paris, Oct. 16, 1793. Queen of France, daughter of the emperor Francis I. and Maria The res a. She married the Dauphin of France (afterward Louis XVI.) in 1770. After the acce ion of her husband she acquired consid. erable influence in public affairs, which was exercised to oppose the demands of the popular party. She displayed great fortitude on the outbreak of the Revolution, and sought in vain to induce her husband to take decisive measures for the suppre ion of the movement. She was imprisoned in Aug., 1792, and was executed Oct. 16, 1793. Marie Antoinette and her Children. A portrait by Madame Vigée-Lebrun, in the palace of Versailles. Marie de France (mä-rē ́ dė frons). Lived probably in the first part of the 13th century. A French poet. She was born in France, but lived in England. Her works include narrative poems ("Lais"), a collection of fables ("Ysopet "), and a poem on the purgatory of St. Patrick. Works edited by Roque fort (1820). Marie de Médicis. See Maria de Medici . sure for Measure," by Shakspere, a lady be-Marie de Médicis, Life of. A series of 21 large IMG:content-0746.png:[blocks in formation] 3. The principal character in Sheridan Knowles's play "The Wife," a faithful and constant wife entangled in a mesh of circumstantial evidence. Mariana (mä-rē-ä'nä), Juan de. Born at Talavera, Spain, 1536: died 1623. A Spanish historian. His chief work is a "History of Spain" (published in Latin 1592–1605, in Spanish 1601). From the nature of their subjects, however, neither of them [Ribadeneira and Siguenza] rose to be the great his tori an of his country: an honor which belongs to Juan de Mariana, a foundling, who was born at Talavera in 1536, and whose extraordinary talents attracted the attention of the Jesuits, then fast advancing into notice as a religious power. Ticknor , Span. Lit., III. 176. Mariana Islands. See Ladrone Islands . Marianna (mä-re-änä). The episcopal city of the state of Minas Geraes, Brazil, situated about 170 miles north by west of Rio de Janeiro. Population, about 6,000. Marianne (mär-yän'), La. A French republican secret society which was formed to overturn the government instituted by the coup d'état of 1851. It received orders from the society in London of which Ledru-Rollin and Mazzini were members. One of its pa words was "Conn a is sez-vous Marianne?" and the answer was "De la montagne." In 1854 the government arrested many members of the society, and punished them by longer or shorter terms of imprisonment. Also called, in English, Mary Ann . paintings by Rubens, executed for the Luxembourg Palace, and now in the Louvre, Paris. The first painting shows the Fates spinning out the destiny of the future queen, and the series proceeds with her birth, her youth, her marriage to Henry IV., the king's death and the queen's regency, the a umption of power by Louis XIII., and his quarrel and reconciliation with his mother. The subjects are treated allegorically, with plentiful introduction of mythology. Marie Galante (mä-rē' gä-lont'). An island of the French West Indies, southeast of Guadeloupe, of which it is a dependency. Area, 58 square miles. Population (1890), 13,850. Marien (mä-re-an'). A region on the north coast of the island of Haiti: so named when Columbus first visited the island. It was governed by Guacanagari. Marienbad (mä-rē'en-bäd). A town and watering-place in Bohemia, 75 miles west of Prague. It is famous for its salt-springs. Population (1890), commune, 2,119. Marienberg (mä-rē'en-berg). A town in the kingdom of Saxony, 38 miles southwest of Dresden. Population (1890), 6,300. Marienburg (mä-re'en-börg). A town in the province of West Pru ia, Pru ia, on the Nogat 26 miles southeast of Dantzic. The castle of the Teutonic Order, the finest medieval secular monument in Germany, was founded in 1274 as an outpost against the heathen Pru ians, and soon became the seat of the grand master. In 1335 the Mit tel schlo was added. The Hochschlo , next the town, incloses a quadrangle surrounded Empre of the French. She was the daughter of Francis I. of Austria, and became the second wife of Napoleon in 1810. She left France on the overthrow of her husband in 1814, and was appointed ruler of the duchies of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla by the Allies. She contracted a morganatic marriage with Count Neipperg, her chamberlain, in 1821. Maria Stuarda (mä-rēʼä stö-ar'dä). An opera by Mercadante, first produced at Bologna in 1821. Maria Stuart. A tragedy by Schiller, founded on the fortunes of Mary Queen of Scots, published in 1801. de. A novel by Marivaux, published in eleven volumes 1731-41. Marianne has been said to be the origin of "Pamela," which is not exactly the fact. But it is certain that it is a remarkable novel, and that it, rather than the plays, gave rise to the singular phrase "Marivaudage," with which the author, not at all voluntarily, has enriched literature. The plot is simple enough. A poor but virtuous girl has adventures and recounts them, and the manner of recounting is extremely original. A morally faulty but intellectually admirable contemporary, Crébillon the younger, described this manner excellently by saying that the characters not only say everything that they have done and everything that they have thought, but everything that they would have liked to think but did not. Saints bury , French Lit., p. 418. Maria The res a (mä-rē ́ä te-re ́sä). Born Sept. 10, 1638: died at Versailles, France, July 30, 1683. Queen consort of Louis XIV. of France. Marianne Islands. See Ladrone Islands . She was the daughter of Philip IV. of Spain, and married Marias (mä-rē'äs), Las Tres. [Sp., 'the three