scalopendra

[Lat., from Gr. skolopendra =a centipede.] Zool.: Centipede; the typical genus of Scolopendride (q. v.). Legs, twenty-one or more pairs; antenne with seventeen joints; eyes distinct, four on each side; the mandibles with a poisonous fluid injected into the wound when they bite. They shun the light, live under logs of wood, the bark of decayed trees, ., run very fast, and are predatory. The largest are in tropical countries, some from South America being a foot long. A few small species are found in Europe. Of these Scolopendra cingulata, a native of France, ., is three and a half inches long. It is rusty yellow, with the antenne, the head, a central band, and the margins green. scol-o-pěn-dri-dæ, s. pl. [Lat. scolopendr ( a ); Lat. fem. pl. adj. suff. -ida.] Zool.: A family of Chilopod a. Body elongated and with many segments; antenne shorter than the body; organs of vision, if present, consisting of groups of ocelli on on the sides of the head; tarsi with one or two joints, not annulated. Sub-families: Lithobiine, Scolopendrinæ, and Geo phi line. scol-o-pěn-dri-e-æ, s . pl . [Mod. Lat. scolopen dri ( um ), and fem. pl. adj. suff. -eœ.] Bot.: A sub-tribe of Polypodiacem; ferns with indusiate sori. scol-ô-pěn-dri-næ, s. pl . [Lat. scolopendr (a); fem. pl. adj. suff.- inæ .] [SCOLOPENDRIDE.] scol-o-pěn-drine, a. [English scolopend (ra); -ine.] Belonging to, characteristic of, or resembling the genus Scolopendra (q. v.). scolopendrine scale-back, s. Zool.: Polynoe scolopendrina . It is about four inches in length, with from 70 to 110 segments in the body. scol-o-pěn'-dri-um, s . [Mod. Lat., from Latin scolopendrion ; Greek skolopendrion =hart's-tongue. Named from a fancied resemblance to a cen tipede.] Bot.: Hart's-tongue; a genus of Polypodee. Frond simple, coriaceons; sori linear, transverse, on lateral veins, nearly confluent; involucre double. Temperate and tropical regions. Species nine. scol-op-şīte, subst. [Gr. scolops =a splinter; suff. -ite ( Min.); Ger. skolopsit.] Scolopendrium Vulgare. Min .: A granular, ma ive mineral a ociated with ittnerite (q. v.) at Kaiserstuhl, Baden. Hardne , 5.0; specific gravity, 2.53; color, grayish-white to pale reddish-gray. Probably an altered hatiyne (q. v.). sco-lym-ě-æ, s. pl. [Mod. Lat. scolym (us); Lat. fem. pl. adj. suff. -eœ.] Bot.: A tribe of Cichoracese. scol-ý-mus, s . [Mod. Lat., from Lat. scolymos ; Gr.skolymos =an eatable kind of thistle.] Bot .: The typical genus of Scolymese (q. v.). sco-lt-i-dæ, s . pl . [Mod. Lat.scolyt (us); Lat. fem. pl. adj. suff. -idœ .] Entom.: A genus of Tetramer a. Small, cylindrical, or oblong oval wood-boring beetles. Mandibles scomm strongly toothed, prothorax like a grater; anterior legs flattened and dentate. They make vermiform, radiating galleries under the bark of trees, leaving them exposed to other insect enemies, and ultimately causing their destruction. The Scolytide have wrought havoc in the French and German forests, and to a le extent in English parks. The trees chiefly attacked are the elm, ash, oak, poplar, the conifere, and fruit trees. Genera: Scolytus, Hyles in us, . scol-ý-tūs, subst . [ Gr.skolyptō =to dock, to cut short.] Entom.: The typical genus of Scolytide. It attacks the elm. [SCOLYTIDE.] scom-běr, subst. [Lat., from Gr.skombros =the mackerel.] the family Sccmbride (q. v.). First dorsal contin1. Ichthy.: True mackerel; the typical genus of uous, with feeble spines, five or six finlets behind the dorsal and anal; scales very sinall, covering the whole body equally; teeth small; two small ridges on each side the caudal. Seven species are known, from all temperate and tropical seas, with the exception of the Atlantic shores of temperate South America. Three species are European: Scomber scomber , the Common Mackerel, without an air-bladder; S. pneuma toph or us , a more southern species, with an air-bladder, and S. colias , the Spanish Mackerel. 2. Palæont.: Common in Eocene and Miocene formations. scom-brě-sõç'-i-dæ, s. pl. [Mod. Lat. scombre sox, gen it. scombresoc( is ); Lat. fem. pl. adj. suff. -ide. 1. Ichthy .: A family of carnivorous Physostomous Fishes, with five genera, from temperate and tropical zones. They are chiefly marine, but some have been acclimatized in fresh water, and the majority of these forms are viviparous. Body covered with scales; keeled scales along each side of belly; no adipose fin; air-bladder generally present; stomach not distinct from intestine, which is straight and without appendages. 2. Paleontology : The family appears first in the Eocene of Monte Bolca. scom-brē-sox, s. [ Lat.scomber (q. v.), and esox (q.v.).] Ichthy.: A genus of Scombresoxide (q. v.), with five species, from the Atlantic and Pacific. Both jaws are prolonged into a long, slender beak, and there are several detached finlets behind the anal and dorsal fins. scom-bri-dæ, subst. pl. [Lat., scomber, gen it. scombr(1); fem. pl. adj. suff. -ide.] 1. Ichthy.: Mackerel; a pelagic family of Acanthopterygian Fishes, with seven genera, from all seas of the tropical and temperate zones. Body oblong, scarcely compre ed; naked or covered with small scales; dentition well-developed; two dorsals, finlets generally present. The Scombridæ are the four families most useful for food, the athon being the Gadide, the Clupeide, and the Salmon ide. They are fishes of prey, and move about in shoals, spawning in the open sea, but periodically approaching the shore in pursuit of other fishes on which they feed. 2. Palæont.: The family is well represented in Tertiary formations. (α.ν.).