Breadth, 3 miles

Brier Creek. A river in eastern Georgia which joins the Savannah River 57 miles southeast of August a. Here, March 3, 1779, the British under General Prevost defeated the Americans under General Ashe. Brierly (bri'er-li), Bob. The Ticket-of-Leave Man in Tom Taylor's play of that name. Brigadore (brig'a-dor). The horse of Sir Guyon in Spenser's "Faerie Queene," named from Brigliadoro, the horse of Orlando in Boiardo's “Orlando In nam or a to." Brigantes (bri-gan tez). A tribe of Britain ward of Boston. Brigit. See Bridget . Brigliad Brigliadoro (brēl-yä-dōrō). [‘Golden bridle.'] The name of Orlando's horse in Boiardo's “Or- lan do In nam or a to.” Brignoles (brēn-yōl'). A town in the department of Var, in Provence, France, 23 miles north northeast of Toulon. Population (1891), 4,811. Brignoli (brēn-yō'lē), Pasquale. Born in Italy about 1823: died at New York, Oct. 29, 1884. An Italian tenor singer. After singing with marked succe in the principal cities of Europe, he came to New York in 1855, where he achieved his highest reputation. Brihaddevata (bri-had-da'va-tä). An ancient Sanskrit work ascribed to Shaunaka. Its object is to specify the deity for each verse of the Rigveda. In so doing it supports its views with many legends. IMG:content-0270.png:[blocks in formation] tution of Man" (Thomas Chalmers, 1833), "Chemistry, Meteorology, and Digestion" Habits, and Instincts of Animals" (Kirby, 1835), "Geology and Mineralogy" (Dean Buck land, 1836), “The Hand, as evincing Design" (Sir Charles Bell, 1833), "The Adaptation of External Nature to the Physical Condition of Man" (J. Kidd, M. D., 1833), "Astronomy and General Physics" (Whewell, 1833), "Animal and Vegetable Physiology (P. M. Roget, M. D., 1834). Bridgman (brij'man), Frederick Arthur. Born at Tuskegee, Ala., 1847. An American genre painter, a pup i pupil of L. Gérôme, resident in Paris. His subjects are chiefly Eastern. Bridgman, Laura Dewey. Born at Hanover, N. H., Dec. 21, 1829: died at South Boston, Ma ., May 24, 1889. A blind deaf-mute noted in connection with educational methods for unfortunates of her cla . Having lost sight and hearing and having been partially deprived of the senses of taste and smell by scarlet fever at three years of age, she region north of the Humber. See Brig anti a . Brig anti a (bri-gan's hi-ä). The kingdom of the Brigantes. See the extract. To the north of the Coritavi stretched a confederacy or collection of kingdoms to which the Romans applied the single name of "Brig anti a." We first hear of these confederated states about the year A. D. 50, when their combined territories extended on one coast from Flam borough Head to the Firth of Forth, and on the other from the Dee or Mersey to the valleys on the upper shore of the Solway. "A line," says Mr. Skene, drawn from the Solway Firth acro the island to the eastern sea exactly separates the great nation of the Brigantes from the tribes on the north, the 'Gadeni' and the 'Otadeni': but this is obviously an artificial separation, as it closely follows the line of Hadrian's Wall: otherwise it would imply that the southern boundary of these barbarian tribes was the activity of the pious man toward the gods is personified. Brihaspati is the prayer, sacrificer, priest, interce or for men with the gods, and their protector against the wicked. He appears as the prototype of the priest, and is called the purohita, or "house-priest," of the gods. The Brahma of the later Triad is a development of this conception. Brihatkatha (bri-hat'ka-thä). In Sanskrit literature, the "Great Narration," a collection of tales by Gunadhya, stated by Somadeva to be the source of his Kat has a rits agar a (which see). The Brihatkatha is believed to go back to the 1st or 2d century of the Christian era, but no manuscript of it has yet been published. Important evidence of its character is afforded by the two works founded upon it, the Brihatkathamanjari and Kat has a rits agar a. marc at i on." Brig anti a. The ancient name of Bregenz. Brig ant in us Lacus (brig-an-ti'nus lā'kus), Brigantium. The Roman name of Bregenz. Briggs (brigz), Charles August us. Born at New York, Jan. 15, 1841. An American theo- logian. He studied at Union Theological Seminary, New York city, 1861-63, and at the University of Ber- lin, Germany, 1866-69; became pastor of a Presbyterian church at Roselle, New Jersey, in 1870, and in 1874 be- came profe or of Hebrew and the cognate languages in Union Theological Seminary. In 1880 he became a mem- ber of the editorial staff of the "Presbyterian Review." His works include "Biblical Study" (1883), "American Presbyterianism" (1885), "Me ianic Prophecy" (1886), etc. His advanced views in biblical criticism, with certain doc. trinal views, subjected him to a trial for heresy 1892-93, which resulted in his condemnation and suspension by the General A embly. He was ordained a priest of the Episcopal Church in 1899. Briggs, Charles Frederick. Born at Nan- tucket, Ma ., 1804: died at Brooklyn, N. Y., June 20, 1877. An American journalist and author. He wrote the novels "Harry Franco: a Tale of the Great Panic" (1839), "Trippings of Tom Pepper" IMG:content-0271.png:[blocks in formation] rē). In Sanskrit literature, the “Great Blo om cluster of Tales," a collection of tales by Kshemendra Vyasadasa, based on the Brihatkatha. Its date is not far from 1037 A. D. Part of it has been given in text and translation by Sylva in Levi in the "Journal As i at i que." Brihatsanhita (bri-hat-san'hi-tä). In Sanskrit literature, the "Great Collection," an astrological work by Varaha Mihira, who is believed to have flourished about the beginning of the 6th century A. D. Brihtnoth (bricht'noth). Died 991. An ealdorman of the East Saxons. He was the son-in-law of the ealdorman Elfgar whom he succeeded about 953. He made lavish grants to ecclesiastical foundations, espe. cially to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey, and fell in battle against the North men near Maldon in 991. Brihtwald (bricht'wäld). Died in Jan., 731. Archbishop of Canterbury. He was of noble parentage, but neither the place nor the year of his birth is known. He was elevated to the see of Canterbury in IMG:content-0272.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-0273.png:[blocks in formation] Brilon (bre'lon). An ancient town in the province of Westphalia, Pru ia, 22 miles east of Arnsberg. Brinckman (brink'män), Baron Karl Gustaf. Born at Brännkyrka, near Stockholm, Sweden, Feb. 24, 1764: died at Stockholm, Dec. 25, 1847 (Jan. 10, 1848?). A Swedish diplomatist and poet. He wrote under the pseudonym "Sel Brindisi (brēn'de-sē). [L. Brundisium , Brun dusium , Gr. Βρεντέσιον, Βρεντήσιον.] A seaport in the province of Lecce, Italy, situated on the Adriatic in lat. 40° 39′ N., long. 18° E. It is a station of the Peninsular and Oriental Company, and has steamer connection also with Greece, the Levant, and Adriatic ports. It contains a cathedral, a castle of Fred. erick II., the ruined church of San Giovanni, and a Roman column, one of two which stood on a point in the harbor. The capital is carved with figures of divinities. These columns may have marked the end of the Appian Way, or have served to hold lights for the guidance of shipping. Brundisium was colonized by Tarentum, was acquired by Rome about 267 B. C., and became a Roman naval station. It was the terminus of the Appian Way, and the usual starting-point for Greece and the East. In 49 B. c. it was besieged by Cæsar. It was the birthplace of Pacuvius and the place of Vergil's death. It was a frequent rendezvous of the Crusaders. In 1348 it was destroyed, and again in 1458, by an earthquake. Population, 14,000. Brink (brink), Bernhard Egidius Conrad ten. Born at Amsterdam, Jan. 12, 1841: died at Strasburg, Jan. 29, 1892. A philologist, noted especially for his studies in English literature and language. He was profe or of modern languages at Marburg 1870-73, and of English at Strasburg 1873-92. His works include "Chaucer" (Vol. I. 1870), "Geschichte der Englischen Literatur" (1877-89), etc. Brinton (brin'ton), Daniel Garrison. Born in Chester County, Pa., May 13, 1837: died at Atlantic City, N. J., July 31, 1899. An American surgeon and ethnologist. He was profe or of ethnology and archæology in the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences, and of American archæology and linguistics in the University of Pennsylvania. His works include "The Myths of the New World, etc." (1868), "Aboriginal American Authors and their Productions, etc." (1883), etc. Brin villi ers (brań-vil-yā'), Marquise de (Marie d'Aubray). Born about 1630 (?): executed at Paris, July 16, 1676. A noted French criminal. She married in 1651 the Marquis de Brinvil. liers, from whom she obtained a separation after he had squandered his fortune. She was instructed in the use of a subtle poison, supposed to have been aqua tofana, by her lover Jean Baptiste de Gaudin, Seigneur de Sainte Croix, with which she poisoned her father and other members of her family, in order to obtain po e ion of the inheritance. The crimes were discovered in consequence of the accidental poisoning of Sainte Croix in 1672, and she was executed at Paris. Brion (bre-on'), Pedro Luis. Born in the Dutch island of Curaçao, 1783: died there, Sept. 27, 1821. An of the Colombian navy. He joined Bolivar in 1812, and commanded the patriot fleet in the Venezuelan and Colombian revolutions; in 1815 and 1816 he furnished the ve els and arms with which Bolivar recommenced the war. He was president of the council which condemned General Piar to death at Angostura, Oct., 1817. Brioude (bre-öd'). A town in the department of Haute-Loire, France, in lat. 45° 17′ N., long. 3° 23′ E.: the ancient Brivas. There is a noted bridge at Vieille-Brioude. Population (1891), commune, 4,928. Brisac (brē-sak'), Charles. The elder brother in Fletcher and Mas singer's (?) play of that name. He is a bookworm despised by his father, who proposes to make his younger son Eustace his heir and marry him to Angel in a. Charles, however, sees her, and, love working a total change in him, shows himself to be a strong and manly lover. Brisac, Eustace. The younger brother in Fletcher and Mas singer's (?) "Elder Brother." At first a fop, he redeems his character. Brisach. See Breisach . Brisbane (briz'bān). The capital of Queensland, in Australia, situated on the river Brisbane, 25 miles from More ton Bay, about lat. 27° 20′ S., long. 153° E. It exports wool, cotton, gold, hides, etc. Until 1842 it was a penal colony. It became the capital in 1859. Population (1891), 48,738. Brisbane (briz'bān), Sir Thomas Mak doug all. Born at Brisbane House, Largs in Ayrshire, Scotland, July 23, 1773: died there, Jan. 27, 1860. A British general and astronomer, gov ern or of New South Wales 1821-25. He served in Flanders 1793-95, in the West Indies 1795-98, in the Peninsula in 1812, and in Canada in 1813. Briseis (brī-sē'is). Hippodame i a, the daughter of Briseus, the cause of the quarrel between Achilles and Agamemnon. Brisk (brisk), Fastidious. A pert, petulant, and lively fop in Ben Jonson's comedy "Every Man out of his Humour." He is devoted to the court, and fantastically fashionable. Bri on (brē-sôn'), Eugène Henri. Born at Bourges, July 31, 1835. A French republican statesman. He was chosen president of the chamber in 1881, 1883, and 1896; and was prime minister from April IMG:content-0274.png:[blocks in formation] Bri on (bre-son'), Mathurin Jacques. Born at Fontenay-le-Comte, Vendée, France, April 30,1723: died at Boi y, near Versailles, France, June 23, 1806. A noted French physicist and ornithologist, appointed profe or at the Écoles Cent rales in Paris in 1796. Bri ot (bre-sō'), Jean Pierre, surnamed.de Warville. Born at Ouarville, near Chart res, Britannia (bri-tan'i-ä). [L. Britannia , more correctly Brittania , Gr. Βρεττανία, from Britan τανοί .] In ancient geography (after the time of Cæsar), the name of the island of Great Britain, and specifically of the southern part of the island: in modern times, a poetical name of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. 31, 1793. A French politician and writer. He was a member of the Legislative A embly and Convention, and a Giron dist leader. Bri otins (F. bre-so-tań'). See Girondists . Bristed (bris'ted), Charles Astor. Born at New York, Oct. 6, 1820: died at Washington, D. C., Jan. 15, 1874. An American author, son of John Bristed. He published "Five Years in an English University" (1852), "The Upper Ten You sand of New York" (1852), etc. He wrote under the pseudonym "Carl Benson." Bristed, John. Born in Dor sets hire, England, 1778: died at Bristol, Rhode Island, Feb. 23, 1855. An Anglo-American clergyman and author. He came to New York in 1806, and married (1820) a daughter of John Jacob Astor. From 1829-43 he was rector at Bris States" (1818), etc. tol, Rhode Island. He wrote "Resources of the United Bristol (bris'tol). [Formerly Bristow , Bris to we ; ME. Bristow .] A seaport, city, and county-borough in Somerset and Gloucester, at the junction of the Frome and Avon, near Bristol Channel, in lat. 51° 27′ N., long. 2° 36′ W. It has a large foreign trade, especially with America, and manufactures of sugar, tobacco, leather, cotton, boots, gla , etc. Bristol Cathedral is of the 14th century, with rebuilt modern nave. It is small, and chiefly notable in that its aisles are of the same height as the nave, which thus has no clearstory, and for its superb Norman chapter-house, which is rectangular in plan and exhibits admirable moldings and interlacing arcades. Bristol became important in the middle ages, and was the second seaport of England down to the 18th century, and one of the chief seats of the slave-trade. In the reign of Edward III. it was made a county. It was taken by Prince Rupert in 1643, and by the Parliamentarians in 1645. It was the scene of great riots in 1831. A noted musical festival is held triennially here, lasting four days: the first one was held in 1873. Population (1901), 328,842. Bristol. A town and port of entry in Bristol County, Rhode Island, situated on Narragansett Bay 13 miles south-southeast of Providence. Population (1900), 6,901. Bristol. A borough in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, situated on the Delaware River 19 miles northeast of Philadelphia. It has manufactures of carpets and iron goods. Population (1900), 7,104. Bristol Boy, The. Thomas Chatter ton. Bristol Channel. An arm of the ocean lying tribes, who come in on every side, The and were struggling in the centre for supremacy. Romans seem to have disregarded the limits of the existing kingdoms and the more natural features of mountain chains. Apparently, they took rivers as their landmarks. Britannia Prima, the first province, was the district south of the Thames, the Saxon We ex under Egbert; Flavia Cæsariensis, between the Severn and the sea, was. the Mercian kingdom of Offa; Britannia Secund a, west of the Severn, comprised Wales and the Welsh Marches; Maxima Cæsariensis, between the Humber and the Tyne, is the Northumbrian province of Deira; and Valentia, whose northern boundary was between the Frith of Forth and the Clyde, embraced the Lowlands of Scotland and North umber land. Pearson, Hist. Eng., I. 40. Britannia Prima. See Britannia . Britannia Secund a. A Roman province nearly corresponding to Wales. See Britannia . Britannia Tubular Bridge. A famous railway bridge acro Menai Strait, Wales, built by Robert Stephen son between 1846 and 1850. iron, supported by three piers between the two shore piers. It consists of two parallel rectangular tunnels of wrought