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(Zool.) See IBEX. Bourbeuse, ( boor'buz ',) in Mi ouri, a small stream rising in Crawford co., in the E. part of the State, and flowing N.E. into the Maumee River, in Franklin co., 8 m. S.E. of Union. Bourbon, (bōōr'bong.) ( Hist .) The name of an illustrious French family, that for centuries formed, perhaps, the greatest dynastic power in Europe; derived from the seigneurie of Bourbon in the ci - devant prov. of Bourbonnais. Henri IV. of Navarre, who succeeded to the French throne on the extinction of the male line of the house of Valois, in 1589, was the first sovereign of France of the Bourbon blood. His father, Antoine de B. , Duc de Vendôme by his marriage with Jeanne d'Albret in 1548, became King of Navarre in 1555. He was descended through the younger branch - the elder having become extinct on the death of the Constable de Bourbon (q. v.), in 1527-from Robert de Clermont, youngest son of Louis IX. By his marriage in 1272 with Beatrix of Burgundy, Robert de Clermont obtained the Bourbonnais, the Charolais, and the lordship of St. Just. His son Louis I. was created Duke of Bourbon by Charles IV. of France in 1327. The B. reigned in France from the acce ion of Henri IV. in 1559, till the death of Louis XVI. in 1793. They were restored in the person of Louis XVIII. in 1814; expelled in 1815, during the Hundred Days; and again restored, after the fall of Napoleon I., in 1815. The rule of the elder branch ceased on the abdication of Charles X. in 1830. Lonis Philippe, of the Orleans, or younger branch of the B. known as Bourbon- Orleans , and which owes its origin to Philippe, Duke of Orleans, the brother of Louis XIV., then succeeded to the throne, and their line ceased to reign in France on his abdication in 1848. In 1865, the family numbered 73 members, 50 of whom, including the exroyal family of Naples, were in exile. The collateral branches of the B. family consisted of the Condé branch, taking its title from Condé, in Hainault, which came into the po e ion of the B. by the marriage, in 1487, of François de B. , Comte de Vendôme, with Marie de Luxembourg, heire of St. Pol, Enghien, So is sons, and Condé. Their son Charles had several children, and one of these, Louis, a umed the title of Prince de Condé. (See CONDE.) This line became extinct in 1830. - The Spanish B. are descended from Philippe, Duke d'Anjou, grandson of Louis XIV., who was made King of Spain under the title of Philip V. in 1700.- The Neapolitan branch is descended from Charles, third son of Philip V. of Spain, made Duke of Parma in 1731, and King of Naples in 1735.-The Conti , a branch of the Condé, is descended from Louis, the first Prince de Condé, who married Eleanore de Roye, Dame de Conty or Conti, by whom he had two sons, Henri de B. , Princa de Condé, and François, who took the title of Prince de Conti. The heirmale of the elder branch of the B. ceased with HENRI, DUKE DE BORDEAUX (Comte de Chambord), q.v .; and the representative of the younger, or Orleans branch of the family, was, until 1894, the COMTE DE PARIS ( q.v .).-Of the B. race, there have flourished 8 kings of France, 6 kings and 1 queen of Spain, 6 kings of Naples, and 1 king of Sicily, besides sovereign dukes and princes, as those formerly ruling over Parma, Modena, and Lucca. Bourbon, CHARLES, DUKE DE, better known in history as the CONSTABLE DE BOURBON, was the son of Gilbert de B. , Count de Montpensier, and was B. in 1489. His high birth and natural qualities endeared him to Francis I., who conferred on him, at the age of twenty-six, the great dignity of Constable of France . Being appointed viceroy of the Milanese, he gained the hearts of all ranks of people there by his courteous behavior, and proved his courage in the battle of Marignano. As being the head of the great house of B. , he unfortunately incurred the enmity of Louise de Savoy, the king's mother, who infused a jealousy of the Constable into the mind of her son, who recalled him from the government of Milan, and suspended his pensions. On the death of his duche , B. endured still greater persecution, for Louise, suddenly changing her hatred into affection, caused a treaty of marriage between them to be proposed to the Constable. He rejected her advances with contempt; which caused a renewal of her enmity with still greater violence, and, in conjunction with the Chancellor Du Prat, she instituted a proce against him for the estates he po e ed in right of his wife, and obtained an order for their sequestration. This drove B. to despair, and he renewed some former negotiations with the Emperor Charles V., and on that monarch promising him his sister in marriage, with a large dowry, the Constable joined him, and the King of England, in a meditated invasion of France. This conspiracy being discovered by Francis, B. made his escape to Italy, where he was declared the Emperor's lieutenant-general, and in concert with Pescara (see AVALOS), defeated the French forces under Bonnivet, in 1524. In 1525, B. gained the famous battle of Pavia, in which Francis was taken prisoner. On his return, Charles received him with great distinction, but, notwithstanding, did not perform his promise of giving him his sister; but on the death of Pescara, created him general-in-chief of his forces in Italy, and gave him a grant of the duchy of Milan, of which he forcibly took po e ion, driving out the rightful duke, Sforza. In order to satisfy the rapacity of his troops, B. was obliged to make great exactions on the citizens of Milan. This only satisfied them for a time, and bent on a mi ion of plunder, he marched with his army to Rome, the po e ion of which place was to repay all their toil. On the 5th May, 1527, they came in sight of that capital, and the next morning commenced the attack. B. was conspicuous by a white scarf which he wore over his armor, and commenced a furious a ault on the walls, which was repelled with equal valor. Seeing his troops begin to waver, B. seized a scaling-ladder from a soldier standing by, and was in the act of ascending, when he was pierced by a musket-ball, and fell. Feeling that his wound was mortal, the Constable desired that his body might be concealed through a fear of discouraging his men, and then instantly expired. Although a traitor to his country, B. undoubtedly received great provocation, and it is to be lamented that his military skill and daring valor were not exercised in a better cause. Bourbon, (Isle of,) also called ISLE DE LA RÉUNION, an island belonging to France, in the Indian Ocean, in Lat. 20° 51′ 43′′ S., Lon. 55° 30′ 16 E., 90 m. W.S.W. of the island of Mauritius, and 440 E. of Madagascar. Shape, oval; greatest length, N.W. to S.E., 38 m.; greatest breadth, 28 m. Area , abt. 900 Eng. sq.m. Desc . The island is geologically formed by two systems of volcanic mountains, one at either extremity; the central point of the most northerly system, the Piton des Neiges , the highest summit in the island, is 10,355 feet above the level of the sea; the highest point of the southerly system is the Piton de Fournaise , an active volcano, 7,218 ft. in height. These two volcanic centres are connected by a mountain chain running N. and S., which divides the island into two parts-that on the E. side being called the windward, and that on the W. the leeward division ( Parties du Vent and Sous le Vent ), in consequence of the prevailing winds in B. being from E. to S. There are no plains of any size; although the island is watered by many small rivers, none of them are navigable; there are several lakes, one occupying an extent of about 40 acres. This island has no safe roads, nor any harbor-circumstances which prove serious drawbacks to its prosperity. Clim. Healthy and agreeable; though the ordinary tranquillity is sometimes broken by violent hurricanes. From Dec. to May is the hot and rainy season, with a mean temp. of 80° Fahr.; during the remaining or temperate months the mean is 76° Fahr. Soil , very fertile; while the surface comprises arable, pasture, and waste lands, and wooded bottoms. Prod . Sugar-cane, coffee, cloves, grain, tobacco, . Most of the tropical varieties of fruits flourish, and the coasts, besides yielding fish and turtles, furnish also coral and ambergris. Manf . Bricks, leather, tin-ware, palm-leaf bags, . Its commerce in Bourbon ( bur'bon ), in Indiana , a town of Marshall county, in a township of the same name, 13 m. E. S. E. of Plymouth. Pop . (1897), about 2,000. Bourbon, in Kansas , a S.E. county embracing an area of 720 sq. m., and situate on the confines of Mi ouri. It is watered by the Marm at on and Little Osage rivers. Surface , for the most part, prairie. Soil , fertile. Cap . Fort Scott. Bourbon, in Kentucky . a N. central county, contain- ing an area of about 300 sq. m. The South Licking River bounds it on the N.E., and it is also watered by Stonor's, Stroud's, and Hinkston creeks. Surface , undulating. Soil , very rich, producing large quantities of corn and wool. Sulphur and chalybeate springs are found here. Cap . Paris. Bourdon'naye, (La). See LA BOURDONNAYE. Bourgas, or Bour'ghas, a sea-port of European Turkey, in Roumelia, on the Black Sea, at the bottom of the gulf of the same name, 70 m. N.E. of Adrianople; Lat. 42° 29′ 20′′ N., Lon. 27°28′ E. It is neatly built on a promontory. The gulf of B. is open to the E.; the an- chorage is to the S. of the town, and has a depth of from 5 to 12 fathoms. Manf . Pottery; agricultural produce and wine are also largely dealt in. Pop . 6,602. Bourg, (Grand,) or MARIGOT, ( gron'bor ,) a town of the French Antilles, W. Indies, and cap. of the island of Marie-Galante. It is a garrisoned place. Pop.abt . 2,000. Bourg, (Petit,) ( peh - tee'boor ,) a town of the island of Guadaloupe, in the French Antilles, W Indies, 5 m. W.S.W. of Pointe-à-Pitre. Pop . about 3,500. Bourg-de-Pe'age, a town of France, dep. Drôme, cap. cant. on the Isere, 10 m. N.E. of Valence. It is a neat, well-built place, and has manuf. of hats, coarse silk, cordage, leather, . Pop . 4,690.- See ROMANS. Bourg-en-Bre e, ( boorg'ang - brase ,) a town of France, cap. of the dep. Ain, on the Rey ou e, about 20 m. E.N.E. of Macon. Manf . Linen, cotton, hosiery, . Pop . 8,922.- It is the birthplace of Lalande, the as- tronomer. Bourgeois, ( boor - zhwaw ',) n. [Fr.] In France, a citizen of the middle cla of society, inhabiting a town. Bourgeois, ( bur - jois ',) n. ( Printing . ) A kind of print- ing-type, intermediary between Brevier and Long Primer , as in the following line: Bourgeoisie, ( boor - zhwaw'ze ,) n. [Fr., from bourg , a town. A French term, literally signifying the inhabi- tants of a town, and employed to denote a cla of society in France who inhabit the towns, and are inter- mediate between the nobility and the lowest cla of the people, including merchants and manufacturers down to master tradesmen. Under the ancient monarchy it comprised all those who were called upon to partake of the duties, or participate in the expenses, of the town in which they were domiciled. The B. of the large towns have often played an important part in the history of the country. They are not to be confounded with the citoyens, a general term applied to all who are mem- bers or citizens of the State. Bourgeon, (bör'jon,) v. i. [Fr. bourgeon , the young bud or sprig of a vine, from bourre , cow's-hair, in Bot. -A brook; a rivulet; a small stream; a burn. the down on a sprout, from L. Lat. burr a ; O. Fr. abou- rionner, to bud or sprout forth.] To become downy; That one might bourgeon where another fell!" - Dryden . Bourges, ( boorj ',) (anc. Avaricum ,) a walled city of France, dep. Cher, of which it is the cap., seated in an extensive plain, watered by the Auron and the Evre, 122 m. S. of Paris. The town stands at the foot of an eminence, and contains some fine old buildings. At the head of these is the cathedral, one of the finest Gothic edifices in France, begun in 845, but not finished for some subsequent centuries. It is 348 ft. in length, by 123 in breadth, and has several towers, the highest of which has an elevation of 221 ft. The palace of the archbishop is also a fine structure, with gardens laid out by Le Nôtre. The Hotel de Ville, built by the cele- brated Jacques Cœur ( q . v .), is a splendid Gothic man- sion, whose erection cost an immense sum. B. was the residence of the ancient Dukes of Berri. It is, on the whole, a fine and flourishing city, po e ing colleges, schools, and institutions of literature and art. Manf . Fine and coarse cloths, hosiery, and excellent cutlery. B. is one of the most ancient French cities. It was taken by Cæsar, B. c. 52, and was for 475 years the capi- tal of Aquitaine. It has suffered much at different periods from war, fire, and pestilence. Several councils have been held in it; and here, in 1483, the ecclesiast i- cal constitution, denominated the Pragmatic Sanction , was accepted by the French clergy. Louis XI. was born in this city, and to mark his respect for his native place, not only gave it a university, (suppre ed at the Revo- lution,) but also conferred on its mayors and mag is- trates the privilege of nobility. Bourdaloue was also born here. Bourgeuil, ( boorg'ile,) a town of France, dep. Indre- et-Loire, cap. cant., in a fine valley on the Doigt, 9 m. N.N.W of Chinon. Pop . abt. 4,000. Bourgogne, n . See BURGUNDY. Bourgoin, a town of France, dep. Isere, cap. cant., on the Bourbre, 9 m. W. of La Tour-du-Pin. Manuf . Cali- coes and paper. Pop . 5,336. Bourg-(St.)-Andeol, a town of France, dep. Ar- dêche, agreeably situated on the Rhone, 9 m. S. of Vi- viers. It is a spacious and well-built place. Manf . Silk and wine. Pop . 5,100. Bourignonists, (booreen-yon-ists.) n. pl. (Eccl. Hist.) The followers of Antoinette Bourignon de la Porte, a fanatic, B. at Lille, in Flanders, in 1616. Bayle says she was so ugly that it was debated for some days after her birth, by her family, whether she should be stifled as a monster. She took the habit and order of Augustine, in 1658, and travelling in Holland, France, and Scotland, taught that religion consists in internal emotions. She published a great many works. Driven from place to place, she D. in Fries land, in 1680. Her tenets obtained a temporary popularity in Scotland, for, in 1701, a minis- ter at Aberdeen was deposed for holding them. Bourlos, or Boorlos, a lake or lagoon of Egypt, be- tween the Damietta and Rosetta branches of the Nile, parallel to the Mediterranean, from which it is every- where separated by a narrow neck of land, except at one point where it communicates with the sea by a narrow channel, anciently the Sibbenitic mouth of the Nile. My little boat can safely pa this perilous bourn."-Spenser. Bourne, HUGH, the founder of the sect of Primitive Methodists, or Ranters , B. in Staff ords hire, England, 1772. In the course of his life he visited Scotland, Ire- land, Canada, and the U. States, where his ministrations were attended with great succe . D. 1852. Bourne mouth, a fashionable watering-place of England, in Hampshire, 6 m. W. by S. of Christ church. Pop ., about 37,800 in 1895. Bourne'ville, in Ohio , a post-village of Ro co., 11 m. S. W. of Chilli cot he. Bourn'le , a . Wanting limits. Bour'nonite, n. (Min.) A compound of sulphur, lead, antimony, and copper. Bournous, BURNOUS, ( būr'nooz .) n. [Fr.; from Ar. bur- nus . a high-crowned hat; Sp. and Port. al bernoz , a hooded upper garment of Moorish origin.] A large woollen man- tle with a hood, which is thrown over the head in rainy weather. It is worn by the inhabitants of Algeria and N. Africa. The B. is placed over the rest of the attire, and is colored according to the taste of the wearer. White, however, is the principal color. Since the con- quest of Algeria by France, the term has been applied to a lady's opera-cloak, with a hood attached behind, which somewhat resembles the Arabian B. Bourns'burg, in Mi ouri , a village of Randolph co., 55 m. N.N.W. of Jefferson City. Bourrelet, n . [Fr., a pad, a border.] ( Anat .) A fibro- cartilaginous border, which surrounds certain articular cavities, such as the glenoid cavity of the scapula and the acetabulum; by which the depth of these cavities is augmented. Bourrienne, ( boor'yane ,) LOUIS ANTOINE FAUVELET DE, Comte, the secretary and early friend of Napoleon I.. B. at Sens, 1769, received his education in the military school at Brienne, where he formed the closest intimacy with the future emperor. In 1797, his former school- fellow appointed him his secretary. He accompanied him to Egypt and to Italy, and in 1801 was nominated a councillor of state. In 1802 he was dismi ed from his office, for being implicated in the dishonorable bank- ruptcy of the house of Coulon, army contractors; but in 1805 he was appointed amba ador to the States of the Circle of Lower Saxony, and in this capacity resided long at Hamburg. His tendency to peculation, how- ever, nece itated his return to France, where he had to refund 1,000,000 francs into the public treasury. He now decidedly joined the party which sought the overthrow of the emperor, and the restoration of the Bourbons. As deputy in 1815 and 1821, he showed his weakne of character by opposing all liberal measures, and even in- stitutions for the promotion of science and popular edur cation. The revolution of 1830, and the lo of his for- tune, (occasioned by extravagance,) caused his reason to give way, and he died in a lunatic asylum, 1834 His Memoirs concerning Napoleon, the Directory, the Con- sulate, the Empire, and the Restoration, Mémoires sur Napoleon , ., (10 vols., Par., 1829,) gave many new ex- planations of the events of his time, but were declared by contemporaries to be in many respects untrustworthy. Bourqueney, ( boor ken - ai ,) FRANÇOIS ADOLPHE, BARON DE, a French diplomatist, в. 1800. In 1834, he was ap- pointed secretary of the French emba y at the British Stoop to the block, than these knees bow to any. Save to the God of heav'n, and to my king."-Shaks. Court, and, afterwards, amba ador to Constantinople, remaining there till the revolution of 1848. He was known for his Orleanist predilections until, in 1853, he was appointed, by the Emperor Napoleon III., French amba ador at Vienna. He conducted the difficult negotiations which led to the treaty of Dec., 1854, by which the Austrian emperor confirmed his alliance with Napoleon against the emperor of Ru ia. At the close of the conferences of Paris, in 1855, B. was raised to the dignity of senator. D. 1869.