MARTIAL

A court for trying and punishing the military offences of officers and soldiers. Courts-martial,inour law, are bound by the same rules and principles of evidence as court* of law. Their jurisdiction is conferred by the Mutiny Act (1 W. & M.) which is annually renewed. The crimes cognizable by them are designated by the Mutiny Act and Articles of War. The persons liable to martial law are officers, soldiers, and persons serving with the army in the field: and receiving pay as a soldier subtects the receiver to it; but officers on half-pay are not liable. Ihe judgments of courts-martial are open to the 'probation of the king or his commanders-in-chief; and nre likewise liable to reversal by the Court of King's Bench. eta of a court-martial, like those of other courts instilutel by statute with particular powers, may become the subject of application to the courts at Westminster for a litiun. Naval courts martial have their jurisdiction iefiuecl by the Ihirty-six articles of war, embodied in 22 G. I c 23, and 19 G. 3. c. 17., and are composed of admirals, is and commanders. (See M' Arthur on Courts Har Kennedy on O. M.; James, Collection of ProceedC Vf, 1820; Tyller on Military Law.) COUSSINET.297 (Fr. a cushion.) In Architecture, the [s. 311]