Malarial

{mal-a’ -re-al) [It., mala aria, bad air]. Pertaining to malaria. M. Cachexia, a chronic form of malaria characterized by anemia, general failure of health, a sallow complexion, and enlargement of the spleen. M. Fever, a disease a ociated with the presence in the blood of the Plasmodium malariae, and characterized by periodicity, enlargement of the spleen, and the presence in the blood, free or within the red corpuscles, of parasites (plasmodia) that exert a deleterious influence upon the red cells. The paroxysms may be intermittent, remittent, or irregular. If repeated daily the fever is designated quotidian if; on alternate days, tertian; if with an interval of two days, quartan. If two paroxysms occur daily the fever is designated a double quotidian. There may be a double tertian form, a paroxysm occurring daily, but only those of alternate days being alike; a double quartan form, and others. A typical malarial paroxysm consists of a cold stage, a hot stage, and a sweating stage, occurring in the sequence given. Intermittent fever is characterized by the occurrence of a complete intermi ion of the symptoms in the interval between two paroxysms, the temperature becoming normal or subnormal. In remittent fever there is only an amelioration of the symptoms in the intervals. In certain localities in which the malarial organisms are exceedingly numerous or intensely virulent, the attack displays a pernicious tendency. Of this type there may be a cerebral form, characterized either by delirium and excitement, or by coma and depre ion; a thoracic form, in which the respiration is accelerated and there is an urgent sense of the need of air; a gastrointestinal form, attended with nausea, vomiting, jaundice, and diarrhea; or an asthenic or algid form, in which there is a condition of marked debility and a striking coldne of the surface and of the breath. To the irregular manifestations of malarial poisoning, which do not at any time present the cla ical a ociation of chill, fever, and sweat, the designation of “dumb ague” is given. The enlargement of the spleen in chronic malaria is sometimes designated ” ague cake. ” M. Hematuria, the presence of blood in the urine as a result of malarial poisoning. M. Neuralgia, neuralgia due to malarial intoxication. 377