Gould, August Us

ADD IS ON, naturalist; born in New Hampshire in 1805, graduated at Harvard in 1825, and commenced the practice of medicine in Boston, in 1830. His writings comprise: A System of Natural History (1833); The Mollusca and Shells of the United States Exploring Expedition under Wilkes, with an Atlas of Plates (1852), and The Mollusca of the North Pacific Expedition under Ring gold and Rodgers (1860). In 1848 he produced, in conjunction with Profe or Aga iz, Principles of Zoology. Died Sept. 15, 1866. Gould, BENJAMIN APTHORP, astronomer, born at Boston, Ma ., Sept. 27, 1824; graduated at Harvard; afterward took a degree in mathematics and astronomy at Göttingen under Gau ; visited the chief observatories of Europe, and on his return to the U. S. settled in Cambridge, Ma ., where he founded and edited the Astronomical Journal. He held the position of director of the Dudley Observatory at Albany from 1855 to 1859. In 1863 he was appointed to the charge of the statistics collected by the U. S. Sanitary Commi ion during the war, and from 1870 to 1885 produced his great life work, Uranometry of the Southern Heavens, while engaged by the government of the Argentine Republic to direct the building and organization of a national observatory at Cordoba. The later years of his life were largely devoted to his Astronomical Journal, the publication of which, having been suspended in 1861, was resumed upon his triumphant return from Cordoba to Cambridge in 1885. He was also the author of numerous charts and astronomical papers. Died Nov. 26, 1896. Gould, JAY, financier, born at Roxbury, N. Y., May 27, 1836; attended Hobart College; acquired a fancy for engineering and mathematics, and conducted surveys of Ulster, Albany and Delaware counties, N. Y., making county maps, which he sold locally. He then engaged briefly in the lumber busine ; in 1857 acquired a controlling interest in a bank at Strouds burg, Pa., began to buy up railroad stocks, and in 1859 established himself in New York as a broker. In a ociation with James Fisk, Jr., he acquired control of the Erie railroad and was its president until 1872. He then invested heavily in the Pacific railroads and in the shares of other lines, eventually forming what was known as the "Gould system" of railroads, aggregating some 13,000 miles of road-about one-tenth of the entire mileage in the U. S. at that time. He also dealt largely in telegraph stocks and the shares of the New York elevated railroads, ama ing a fortune that was estimated at $73,000,000 as early as 1882, and which was probably much larger at the time of his death, Dec. 2, 1892. Goupil (goo- pel ' ), JULES ADOLPHE, geure and portrait painter; born in Paris, May 7, 1839; studied with Ary Scheffer; was awarded a first cla medal at the Salon of 1875; second-cla , at the Paris Exposition of 1878; was also a member of Legion of Honor. His technique and coloring are remarkable. His notable Last Days of Madame Roland is in the Luxembourg Gallery, Paris. Died April 30, 1883.