Newcastle, THOMAS

PELHAM HOLLES, DUKE OF, 1693-1768. Sec. of State 1724-54; Prime Minister 1754-56 and 1757-62. Newcastle-upon-Tyne. City of North umber land, on the Tyne, 10 m. from its mouth, 117 m. s.e. of Edinburgh; besieged and taken by the Scotch 1644. It has a large commerce, ated by hand. Humphry Potter, employed for this purpose, first made the engine operate them itself. Watt's first great improvement on this engine was to effect the condensation outside the cylinder in a separate ve el. See ENGINE, HIS TORY OF.