BOMBARDMENT

ts the attack on fortre , town, or military position, by| erat 4 nae er or into it. ‘oboe object may estroy military s' demolish fortifications, shake the morals of troops holding a position, or, in case of a town, terrorize the inhabitants into surrender. _The introduction of high explosive shells and heavy howitzers has made this a highly effective method of attack. Aeroplanes and observation balloons have also made bombardment even more effective than hitherto, and| in the World War bombardments were] carried out and ammunition expended on an unparalleled scale. It is probable that no town or fort of the old type could now hold out against determined form of bombard men lenown t, as Ror| the’ Worl War, d by, whi a ch ‘zone 'y ee ground was so shelled as to become practically impa able. This method was also BOMBARDON, used for the protection BASS of TUBA, advancin g infant of the saxhorns, a deep-tone d musical one instrume nt used in orchestra s and military bands; for the latter use it is| made in a circular form, and worn round the body. ‘ coherence a on * aad (8° 85’ N., 72° 54" H.), situated in 8. of isl. of same name, lying off coast of prov. and connected with mainland by bridges and causeways. In N. is native town; in 8., European I garrison; natives are of many different 20sm. Bombay has some fine buildings including a uniy., the Victoria railway; terminus, i oe several colleges, and large | 20spitals; most important manufactur me ch eb vie a favorably situatec ye peo me A a ais i ho near natura, ar or, wet docks, and many dry docks | allway communication with all parts 8 tare rea Soe trade; othe | ™@ustries are dyeing, tanning, meta aoe 1D and exports are prac: var “p a op presidency. The mottc re ees v ° 1806 Gene Indis.’ During AP nag d wa renee house had its | Victims, and nearly half a million of the survivors fled the city. It is extremely | Congested; seventy-six per cent. of the people live in one-roomed tenements. |!he Improvement Trust (est. 1900) does good work in reclaiming lands from the sea, opening out crowded localities, and constructing sanitary dwellings for the poor. Pop. 979,500, 66° '40’-76° 32’ E.); bounded N. by | te by Madras and ore, W. i r i towards Mie! N. broken y Aree bg Gulfs Pee Const-ne of Cutch ane barren Narb a en flowing to prov. to two parts; | of which northern consists of Guiarat and great plain of Sind, southern of | coastal strip along Arabian Sea and part of Deccan tableland; chief mountains are W. Ghats, Satpura range, and out- | jiers of Aravalli Hills; rivers, Indus (which traverses Sind), Narbada, Tapti. ieee fat ont eee. in Sind plains; rainfall slig +, Moderate on “able land; heavy on Vio Ode: of| Gut @fols 2t6, whos, cotton, all,; pottery, i principal lines, ¢. 10,000 m, |Administration carried out by governor, Who is a isted by executive council of | three members and legislative council of 48 members; the population includes Europe ans, Mahrattas, and other races; majority are of Hindu religion, Mohamries_and the dependency of Aden), History.— Between late 15th and early 17th cent. settlements were made in races;!Bombay by Portuguese, Dutch and English, of whom Portuguese first appeared. Bombay I. pa ed to England when Charles II. married Catherine of Braganza in 1661, and was subsequently granted to East India Company in 1668; other districts were added at various dates, and following succe ful wars against the Mahrattas, Governor Elphinstone (1819-27) organized the province; has frequently suffered from plague. See Map CENTRAL AND S. Asia,