chupah (chop a)

[Native term.] A measure of capacity used in Sumatra and Penang (in the Strait of Malacca), equal in the former island to 63 cubic inches, in the latter to 68. It is about equal to a Winchester quart. as of chuparosa (chö-pä-rō'sä), п. [ Sp., chupatty (chu-pat'i), n.; pl. chupatties (-iz). [Anglo-Ind., Bread was represented by the eastern scone; but it was of superior flavor and far better than the ill-famed Chapati R. F. Burton, El-Medinah, p. 477. of India. In some parts of the country chupaties or cakes were circulated in a mysterious manner from village to village. J. T. Wheeler, Short Hist. India, p. 628. The khitmutgar tells us there is grilled morghie, and eggs, and bacon, and tea, and beer, and jam for breakfast, and plenty of hot chupatties . W. H. Ru ell, Diary in India, I. 150. chupra y (chu-pras'i), n.; pl. chupra ies (-iz). [Anglo-Ind., also chupra ee , chaprāsī , a me enger, beadle, orderly, peon, chaprās , a plate worn on the belt as a badge of office, a corruption of chap o rast , left and right: chap , left; o, and; rast , right.] In India, especially in Bengal, an office-me enger bearing a plate on which is inscribed the name of the office to which he is attached. Also called chapras . Lord William sent over a chupra ee to say we were not ready to receive him. W. H. Ru ell , Diary in India, II. 203. church (chèrch), n. and a. [ chireche , etc. (North. ME. kirke, > Sc. kirk , after Scand.), kirika , kerika = OFries. kerke, tzerke = D. kerk = MLG. kerke, LG. kerke, karke = OHG. chirihha, chircha, also chilihha, chilcha, MHG. G. kirche, dial. chilche, = Icel. kirkja = Sw. kyrka = Dan. kirke (cf. ML. kyrica, kyrrica, kirrika, kirrica, kirchia, in MHG. and MLG. glo es), a church (building), the church (of believers), borrowed, prob. through an unrecorded Goth. * kyreika, from LGr. κυριακόν, a church (later κυριακή, fem., a church, earlier (sc. ἡμέρα ) the Lord's day), lit. (sc. δῶμα) the Lord's house, neut. of κυριακός, belonging to the Lord (in common Gr. 'belonging to a lord or master'), = The pouere men of the paris she of seynt Austyn be gunnen [a] gylde, in helpe and a men dement of here pouere parish chirche. English Gilds (E. E. T. S.), p. 40. The a ertions of some of the earlier Christian writers that the Christians had neither temples, altars, nor images should, it would appear, be understood not literally, for there is positive evidence of the existence of churches in the 3d century. Smith , Dict. of Christ. Antiq., I. 366. 2. An edifice dedicated to any other kind of religious worship; a temple. [Rare.] Ye have brought hither these men, which are neither robbers of churches nor yet blasphemers of your godde , Acts xix. 37. 3. The visible and organic body of Christian believers, especially as accepting the eсиmenical creeds of Christen dom and as exhibiting a historic continuity of organized life. The great Church principle, that God has one Church, the mystical body of His Son - that this Church is, by its very nature, a visible organized body, and yet that all the members of this Church are a umed to be in God's favour and grace, or to have once been in it this great Church principle pervades the Apostolic Epistles, to the total exclusion of any counter principle. M. F. Sadler , Church Doctrine, Bible Truth, iii. § 2. 994 4. The invisible and inorganic community of all those who acknowledge a supreme allegi ance to Jesus Christ as their Lord and Master. We believe that the Church of Christ invisible and spiritual comprises all true believers. Congregational Creed (1883). I would wish to live and die for the a ertion of this truth, that the Universal Church is just as much a reality as any particular nation is. F. D. Maurice, Biog., I. 166. 5. A particular division of the whole body of Christians po e ing the same or similar sym - Collegiate church, conventual church. See the adjectives. Eastern Church. Same as Greek Church (which see, under Greek). Established church, or state church, an ecclesiastical organization established and in part supported by a state as an authorized exponent of the Christian religion. Thus, the Episcopal Church is established in England and Wales, the Presbyterian in Scotland, the Evangelical in Pru ia, the Roman Catholic in Italy, Spain, Portugal, etc. In some countries of Europe, as France, all or many of the principal religious organizations receive state support. In the United States the church is entirely di evered from all relations to the state. - Fathers of the church. See father. - Free Church, ed by a a common name and history; Christian denomination: as, the Presbyterian Church; the Church of England; the Church of Rome. We insist that Christians do certainly become members of particular Churches - such as the Roman, Anglican, or Gallican-by outward profe ion, yet do not become true members of the Holy Catholic Church, which we believe, unle they are sanctified by the inward gift of grace, and are united to Christ, the Head, by the bond of the Spirit. Davenant, Determinations, II. 474. 6. The organized body of Christians belonging to the same city, diocese, province, country, or nation: as, the church at Corinth; the Syrian church; in a wider sense, a body of Christians bearing a designation derived from their geographical situation, obedience to a local see, or affiliation with a national ecclesiastical organization: as, the Eastern Church; the Western Church; the Roman Church; the Anglican Church.-7. A body of Christians worshiping in a particular church edifice or constituting one congregation. There stands poor Lewis, say, at the desk, delivering to his make-believe church his make-believe sermon of ten minutes. W. M. Baker , New Timothy, p. 15. 8. The clerical profe ion. A fellow of very kind feeling who has gone into the Church since. Thackeray, New comes, i. 9. Ecclesiastical authority or power, in contradistinction to the civil power, or the power of the state. The same criminal may be absolved by the Church and condemned by the State; absolved or pardoned by the State, yet censured by the Church. Leslie . IMG:content-0392.png:[blocks in formation] [What constitutes a Christian church according to the Scriptures is a question on which Christian denominations widely differ. The three principal views may be distinguished as the Roman Catholic, the Protestant ecclesiastical, and the voluntary. According to Roman Catholic theologians, the church is a visible and organic body, divinely constituted, po e ing "Unity, Visibility, Indefectibility, Succe ion from the Apostles, Universality, and Sanctity (Faith of Catholics, I. 9), and united to its visible head on earth, the Bishop of Rome. According to the Anglican and Protestant ecclesiastical view, the church of Christ is "a permanent visible society" ( Words worth on Mat. xvi. 18), divinely compacted, governed, and equipped, and having definite ends, a definite policy, and a historic continuity. (The Church Cyc.) According to the voluntary conception, a church is a society of persons profe ing faith in the Lord Jesus Christ as the Son of God and the Saviour of men, and organized in allegiance to him for Christian work and worship, including the administration of the sacraments which he has appointed. (R. W. Dale, Man ual of Congr. Principles, Comp. West. Conf., xxxv.; Thirty nine Art., xix.) The second view is held by many, perhaps a majority, in the Episcopal, Luther an, and other hierar chical denominations; the last by a majority of those in the non-hierarchical denominations, including the Methodist, Baptist, Presbyterian, and Congregational.]-Advocate of the church. See advocate. Anglican Church, Broad Church. See the adjectives.- Church militant, the church on earth, as engaged in a warfare with the world, the flesh, and the devil, or the combined powers of temptation and unrighteousne : in distinction from the church triumphant in heaven.- Church of England, the national and established church in England; the Anglican Church in England and the British colonies, in some of which it has been disestablished. The Church of England claims continuity with that branch of the Catholic Church which existed in England before the Reformation. In the first half of the sixteenth century, under Henry VIII., the spiritual supremacy and jurisdiction of the Pope were abolished; the sovereign was declared to be the head of the church in a sense explained in the thirty-seventh of the Thirty-nine Articles; and a close union of church and state, known as the establishment of the church, took place. The clergy of the Church of England are composed of three orders, namely, bishops, who are appointed by the crown (see congé d'élire, under congé ), priests or presbyters, and deacons. There are also two archbishops, the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Archbishop of York, the former being the primate of England. Twenty-four of the bish ops and the two archbishops sit and vote in the House of Lords. Its chief ecclesiastical body is the Convocation, See convocation and episcopal. - Church of God, the title a umed by a denomination popularly called, from their founder, Wincbrennerians. See Winebrennerian. Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. See Mormon. - Church of the Disciples. See disciple. Church of the New Jerusalem. See Swedenborgian. Church triumphant, the collective body of saints now glorified in heaven, or in the epoch of their final victory. Independent Evangelical free evangelical church organized in 1873 in the canton of Neuchâtel, Switzerland. It is entirely independent of the state, and comprised in 1882 twenty-two parishes, with a membership of about 12,000.- Irish Church Act. See disestablishment. - Low Church. See low. - Mother church, the oldest or original church; a church from which other churches have had their origin or derive their authority. Hence - ( a ) The metropolitan church of a diocese. (b) The cathedral, or bishop's church, in distinction from the parish churches committed to simple presbyters. (c) A title given to the Roman Catholic Church by its adherents. Quoad sacra church. Same as chapel of ease (which see, under chapel ). - Relief Church. See relief. The seven churches. See seven. Trustee Churches Act, an English statute of 1884 (47 and 48 Vict., c. 10) which relates to the transfer of church property in Ireland.-Western Church, the historical or Catholic Church in the countries belonging to the Western Roman Empire or in those adjacent on the north; the Latin or, in a more especial sense, the Roman Catholic Church; used by Anglican writers as including that church also: opposed to the Eastern or Greek Church. II. a . Pertaining to the church; ecclesiastical: as, church politics; a church movement; church architecture. - Church banner, a banner made and used exclusively for ceremonial purposes connected with the church. In the middle ages, and when national ensigns were le distinctive than now, church banners were often borne before an army; in fact, there is no positive distinction between a consecrated banner like the old French oriflamme and a church banner. In modern times the church banner is borne only in church proce ions, whether within or without the edifice. - Church bench, a seat or bench in the porch of a church. - Church brief. See brief, n., 2 (d). - Church burial, burial according to the rites of the church. Church cadence, in music, the cadence formed by the subdominant and the tonic chords; a plagal cadence: so called because very common in medieval church music, and still retained in "Amens."- Church court, a court connected with a church for hearing and deciding ecclesiastical causes; a presbytery, synod, or general a embly. - Church judicatory, an ecclesiastical court or body exercising judicial powers.- Church living, a benefice in an established church. Church modes, in music, the modes or scales first authorized for church use by Bishop Ambrose in the fourth century, and by Pope Gregory the Great in the seventh century. See mode. - Church music. (a) Music used in a church service, including hymns, chants, anthems, and organ pieces. (b) Music, vocal or instrumental, in the style actually used in church services. - Church plurality, the po e ion of more than one living by a clergyman. Milton. Church service. (a) The religious performed in a church. (b) The order of public worship, especially in the Anglican Church. (c) A book containing the calendar, order of Morning and Evening Prayer, Litany, Collects, Epistles and Gospels, Communion Office, and Psalter, taken from the Book of Common Prayer, with the addition of all the Scripture Le ons.Church text, in printing, a slender and tall form of black-letter, so called because it is frequently used in ecclesiastical work. This is Church Tert. church (chèrch), v. t. [ He had christened my son and churched my wife in our own house, as before noticed. Evelyn , Diary, Jan. 1, 1653. It was the ancient usage of the Church of England for women to come veiled who came to be churched . Wheatly, Illus. of Book of Common Prayer. 2. To accompany in attending church on some special occasion, as that on which a bride first goes to church after marriage: as, the bride was churched last Sunday; to church a newly elected town council. [Scotch.] - Churching of women, a title popularly given to a liturgical form of thanksgiving for women after childbirth. The practice, borrowed from the Jewish church, is common to all liturgical churches.