FAGGING

is a Public School custom in England, by which junior boys act as amateur ‘ servants * for the seniors and receive in return their protection in- divi dually and collectively. The juniors are called ’ fags ’ and the seniors * prefects’ or * monitors.’ Votes are for property purchased in a number of small lots just large enough to give a qualification to vote. the German scientist, was born in 1686, and introduced mercury in place of spirits of wine for thermometers in 1720. lord, the Parliamentary leader in the Civil War, was born in 1611, and became_commander-in chief in succe ion to the Earl of E ex. He was simply a good soldier, without any political ambition. are characteristic of early commerce, and were really important in the Middle A.ges; but modern facilities for transport have practically obviated all nece ity for such periodical markets. They still are of considerable importance, however, in the East, and those of Leipzig, Frankfort, and Nijni-Novgorod collect a very large number of merchants. as found, for instance, in Shakespeare's Midsummer Night's Dream, is the result of both literary and popular tradition. The Fays of the old romances were enchantre es of human size and appearance the Elves of popular superstition were a supernatural; race of invisible dwarfs. By degrees these supernatural Elves were confused with, and eventually identified with, the more or le mortal Fays. “ Oberon ” and “Titania” represent the more literary, while "Puck” represents the more popular tradition but the two are practically combined in Fairies.; Like Fays, they aie generally mortal, they form a community, with sovereigns and subjects, court and country. Like Elves, they are so small as to be invisible to mortals, they come out mainly at night, and they have power over nature as well as over men. are really Muhammedan fanatics whose holine is gauged by the Indian natives from their fil you r and their self-mutilations. They reproduce in a more offensive form the ostentatious self-righteousne of Diogenes (g.v.j. feed mainly on game, c.g. grouse, partridges, hares, ptarmigans, etc. The Peregrine F. can fly 150 miles an hour, and was a favourite kind for falconry. This sport was extremely popular in the Middle Ages. Henry the Fowler, Frederick II., and Francis I. were great patrons of it in Germany and France. Lord, represented on the Royalist side the same high ideal and sincere patriotism as John Hampden did on the Round head side, and both fell in the first year of the Civil War. Land must be left fallow, unle it is manured, in order to recover from the exhaustion caused by crops, which grow by absorbing valuable elements out of the soil. SIR John, the famous knight of Shakespeare’s Merry Wives of Windsor and Henry IV., is generally considered the finest comic character ever devised. was a very frequent scourge in ancient and mediaeval times, when transport was very bad and very uncertain but even in modem times there have been some terrible; instances of Ireland was it. simply decimated by the potato famines of 1814, 1816, 1822, 1831, and 1846; and India and China have sulTered in a similar way. In 1837-38 more than 800,000 persons died in the N.W. Indian famine, and 1,000,000 in the Bengal famine in 1865-66. Even as late as 1877 about 500,000 died in the Deccan famine, and over 9,000,000 are said to have died in China in the same and the following year. is concerned more with the external and the concrete than imagination is. Michael, the great chemist, was born ill 1791. and began life as an apprentice to a London bookbinder, but lie became an a istant to Sir Humphrey Davcy, and was made Profe or of Chemistry in the Royal Institution in 1833. lie was the greatest experimental chemist of Ins ago and a most popular lecturer. He died in 1867. Animals in Europe. Cattle arc most numerous in Ru ia and Germany, but most important in Denmark and Holland. Sheep are most numerous in Ru ia and France, but the best wool