Political Poems, etc

(ed. Furnivall), p. 17. This was the sweuen whiche he had, That Daniell anone arad, And said hym, that figure strange Betoken eth how the world shall change. Gower, Conf. Amant., Prol. Neverthele , death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam's transgre ion, who is the figure of him that was to Rom. v. 14. come. 16. In rhet . , a peculiar or special use of words; employment of words in forms, combinations, or meanings different from those properly or ordinarily a igned to them; use of certain forms of speech to produce a special effect. An unintentional, unauthorized, or unjustifiable deviation 2 Tim. iii. 5. Conformation is the result of the arrangement of the parts of a whole, and the word suggests the proportion and relation of the parts, internal or external, to each other. Figure , shape , and fashion are external; the first is often, and the others are generally, the result of art. Figure has a wide range of meaning, from mere outline to pictorial or fictile representation. Shape has almost as much freedom of use; yet, having been little used as a learned term, it is more literally geometrical, and at the same time more loosely employed. Fashion in the sense of form is obsolescent. figure (fig'ur), v.; pret. and pp. figured , ppr. figuring. [ME. figuren (= D. figure ren = G. figuriren = Dan. figurere = Sw. figurer a ), OF . figurer, F. figurer = Pr. Sp. Pg. figurar = It. figurare, figurare , form, shape, fashion, represent, imagine, etc., figura , a form, shape, figure ure: see figure , n.] I. trans. 1. To make a figure, image, likene , or picture of; represent artificially in any way: as, to figure a plant, shell, etc. If they had any gratitude, they would erect a statue to him; they would figure him as a presiding Mercury, the god of traffic and fiction, Sheridan, The Critic, i. 2. IMG:content-1301.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-1302.png:[blocks in formation] These figures were in great demand among the Greeks as household ornaments, and it was usual to present them as offerings in temples, and to bury several of them with a dead body. They were, as a rule, cast in molds and then finished, often very delicate- ly, by hand, and after the baking they were brilliantly colored. In them is pre- served a charming memorial of Greek private life in its various phases, such as the games of the children and the They are commonly known as Tanagra figurines , because those first brought into pub- lic notice, as well as some of the most beautiful examples since found, come from the cemetery of Tanagra in Bœo- tia. IMG:content-1303.jpg:[graphic] 4. In music , same as figurate , 3.-5. In her ., occupations of the women. bearing the human face or features; indicat- ing the face as a roundel, especially the sun or moon.-Figured ba . See ba 3 . - Figured coun- terpoint. See counterpoint2 , 3. Figured harmony, muslin, etc. See the nouns. - Figured syllogism, a syllogism expre ed so that the subject and predicate of each premise are distinguished from each other, and the syllogism belongs to a definite figure. figure-dance (fig'ūr-dans), n. A dance consist- ing of elaborate figures. The grand figure - dances , and ballet tes of action, as they are called, of the modern times, most probably surpa in splendour the ancient exhibitions of dancing. 4. To imagine; image in the mind. If Love, alas! be Pain, the Pain I bear No Thought can figure , and no Tongue declare. Three glorious suns, each one a perfect sun,... In this the heaven figures some event. 6. To mark with or note by significant figures; mark or indicate significantly or numerically: as, to figure the dial of a clock, or the hours on the dial; to figure the ba in music to show the intended harmony. As through a crystal gla the figured hours are seen. Dryden. 7. To set. down or reckon up in numerical fig- ures; make a calculation of: as, to figure , fig- ure up, or figure out costs, profits, or lo es. [Colloq.]-8. In music : ( a ) To embellish by adding pa ing-notes or other decorations, es- pecially definite figures much repeated. See def. 6, and figured ba , under ba 3 . II. in trans. 1. To make a figure; show one's self; be seen or prominent; take a part. IMG:content-1304.png:[blocks in formation] figurehead (fig'ūr-hed), n. 1. An ornamental figure, as a statue or bust, on the projecting part of the head of a ship, over the cutwater and im- mediately under the bowsprit. If the ve el's name is that of a person, object, etc., which can be represented ally placed at the head of the ve el; thus, the Columbus would have a bust or statue of Columbus for a figurehead, the Lion would have the figure of a lion, the Britannia a statue or bust of the conventional Britannia. When no figure is used, the head is often finished off as a scroll - head or a fiddle - head (see these terms), which are not strictly figureheads. Stared o'er the ripple feathering from her bows. Tennyson, Enoch Arden, J. A. Symonds, Italy and Greece, p. 272. Though he tries to figure as a martyr, he is only that stock character, the horrid example. Nineteenth Century, XX. 550. 2. To cipher; work by means of figures; make a calculation: as, to figure at a problem; to fig- ure upon a proposed bargain. [Colloq.] One who IMG:content-1305.jpg:[blocks in formation] resent or to appear to act for others, without having any real authority or responsibility. To many these kings and heroes seem nothing but the figure- heads of the centuries, which may ornament the high prow of the times, but which are powerle to direct the course of the ve el. Westminster Rev. , CXXV. 2. figure-maker (fig'ūr-maker), n . A maker of figures; a modeler. (a) One who makes casts. See figure- casting . (b) One who makes wooden anatomical models for artists, figures for shops, figureheads, etc. figure-stone (fig'ūr-stōn), n . 1. Same as agal- matolite . - 2. A stone having or resembling the form of some object, or marked with lines hav- ing such a resemblance. Such stones, in which the objects of superstitious veneration. figurial (fi-gu'ri-al), a . [An improper form of figural .] Represented by figure or delineation. material, which serves as the core. If the core is fusible, Craig. or can be reduced to ashes, the mold is formed directly upon the core, and when it is perfectly dry and hard it is exposed to a heat sufficient to melt or incinerate the core, the removal of which leaves a cavity for the metal of the figurine (fig-u-rēn'), n. [F. figurine (= Pg. figurinha ure.] A figure, or group of figures, in any ma- is destroyed by one use. Exquisite casts of natural objects are made in this manner. in the way mentioned, the permit its removal. figured (fig'ürd), p . a . ed by figures. If the core cannot be removed mold itself is made in parts to The figur'd streams in waves of silver roll'd. Pope , Windsor Forest, 1. 335. cifically, such a figure in pottery or metal-work. The figures of porcelain or pottery not painted or glazed being called biscuits , the term figurine is often reserved for those adorned with painting and gilding, as in the abundant among the ancient remains of Greece, Egypt, Dresden figures commonly seen. Figurines are especially As syria, etc. After Alexander, from whose time dates the ornamen- tation of the tombs with figurines , Tanagra became the flourishing center of its province. The Century, XXI. 914. Tanagra figurine, in archeol ., one of the small terra figures divinities, of mortals, or of animals, found in various quantity and perfection throughout Greek lands. figuring (fig'ū-ring), n. [ figurynge ; verbal n. of figure , v .] 1. The act or proce of using figures, especially in computation: as, close figuring.-21. Figure; figuration; beauty of form. That bereth our alder pris in figurynge. IMG:content-1306.jpg:[graphic] fikelt, v . i . [ME. fiken , feign, di emble, flatter, fician , in comp. be - fician (once), deceive, weak verb connected with ficol , fickle, crafty, gefic , deceit, fācen , deceit (see fickle ), appar. ult. from a strong verb, which may be repre- sented secondarily by fike2 , q. v.] To feign; di emble; flatter. fike? (fik), v .; pret. and pp. fiked , ppr. fiking . [Also written fyke and fick , the vowel being prop. short; Se. also feik ; ME. fiken , fyken , move about restle ly, fidget, also hasten away, fika , in the phrase fika sig upp , elimb up nimbly, as a spider, = ODan. fige = Sw. fika , refl. fikas , hunt after, prog for, emulate, = Norw. fika , strive, take trouble, fika etter , hasten after, pursue, fika paa , hasten, hurry, cf. Icel. fikinn = Sw. Norw. fiken = ODan. figen , greedy, eager, covetous, ODan. fig , n., desire, craving. Perhaps ult. connected with fike1 . Hence, from fike2 , fick , the form fig1 , as- sibilated fidge , freq. fidget : see fig1 , fidge , fidg- et, fisk.] I. in trans. 1. To move about in a quick, uneasy way; be constantly in motion; be restle ; fidget; be nervous. [Now only prov. Eng. and Scotch.] Fiketh and fondeth [strives] al his might, Ne mai he it for then no wight. The Sarezynes fledde, away gunne fyke . Richard Coer de Lion , 1. 4749. O sic a fike and sic a fistle I had about it. IMG:content-1307.png:[blocks in formation] phore or spermatic cartridge of a cephalopod. See sperm a- filarian (fi-lā'ri-an), a . Same as filarial . tophore . Gastric filaments, mesenteric filaments, in acalephs, filamentous structures which project into the central cavity of the gastrovascular system, as, for exam- ple, in the Discophora . - Spermatic filament, a sper- matozoön: so called from its fine thready shape. - Urti- cating filament, the thread of a thread-cell or cnida; a cnidocil. See cut under cnida . filamentar (fil-a-men'tär), a. [ filament + -ar2 .] Filamentary. Even such slips of mesentery as are at no point in contact with the stomatodæum often exhibit a filamentar (craspe- dal) thickening. Jour. Micros. Science, XXVIII. 425. filamentary (fil-a-men'ta-ri), a. [ filament + -ary.] Having the character of or formed by a In the blennies, the forked hake, the forked beard, and some other fishes, the ventral fins are reduced to filamen- tary feelers. Owen, Anat. Any substance capable of yielding a certain continuous and uninterrupted length of filamentary matter may be called textile fibre. IMG:content-1308.png:[blocks in formation] filander1 (fi-lan'der), n. [Early mod. E. (pl.) fylaundres ; filandre , fillandre , F. filandre , a thread, string, air-thread, go amer, in pl. fil and res , filanders (> Sp. filandria = It. fil an- dra , filanders), irreg. F. fil , a thread, L. filum : see file3 .] 1. The small intestinal worm which causes the disease called filanders .-2. pl . A disease in hawks, caused by small intes- tinal worms. Also felanders .-3. The external membrane of gut scraped off in the manufac- ture of catgut. Commonly as French, filandre . This filandre is employed as thread to sew intestines and to make the cords of rackets and battledores. IMG:content-1309.png:[blocks in formation] Filaria (fi-la'ri-ä), n. [NL., filar is , filum , a thread: see file3 .] The typical genus of the family Filariid a , containing parasitic nematode worms of very slender filiform shape, some attaining a length of sev- eral feet. F. sanguinis - hominis , the larval form of which is found in the lymphatics and blood-ve els, is said to be the cause of elephantiasis. F. med in ens is is the hairworm or guinea- worm, common in the tropical regions Guinea-worm ( Fila- Huxley and Youmans , Physiol., § 258. Specifically-2. In bot . , the support of an an- ther, usually slender and stalk-like, but very variable in form.-3. In ornith ., the part of a down-feather corresponding to the barb of an ordinary feather. Macgillivray .-4. A tenu- ous thread of any substance, as gla or mu- cus; hence, in med . , a glairy substance some- times contained in urine, capable of being drawn out into threads or strings.- 5. The nearly infusible conductor placed in the globe of an incandescent lamp or glow-lamp and raised to incandescence by the pa age of the ing to, of the nature of, or caused by Filaria . of the old world, and found in the sub- cutaneous ti ue. Filariade (fil-a-ri'a-dē), n. pl . Same as Fila- filarial (fi-la'ri-al), a . [ Filaria + -al .] Pertain- In the filarial disease the filarial embryos are found in the blood of the person affected by them, but only at cer- tain times in the twenty-four hours. IMG:content-1310.png:[blocks in formation] filature (fil'a-tur), n. [F. filature = Pr. fila- dura = Sp. It. filatura , filatura , the art of spinning, also a coarse thread, filare , wind thread, spin: see files , v.] 1. A forming into threads; the reeling of silk from cocoons. Flo -silk... is the name given to the portions of rav- elled silk broken off in the filature of the cocoons. 2. A reel for drawing off silk from cocoons; a filatory.-3. An establishment for reeling silk. Steam filatures have become the one thing needed for succe (in silk-culture). The American, VII. 301. Indeed, I am a ured, on good authority, that it is only fresh cocoons that go from the producers to the filatures : even if choked, they are accounted fresh. Science , III. 431. filazer (fil'ā-zér), n. Same as filacer . filberdt (fil'bėrd), n . An obsolete form of filbert . filbert (fil'bert), n. [Formerly also written fil- berd , also filbeard , also (with ph ) philbert , phil i- bert, philliberd ; filberde , fylberde , fyl- byrde, ffylbert , philliberd . Origin uncertain, the history being obscure and involved in fable and conjecture; perhaps ult. from the name of St. Philibert .] 1. A cultivated variety of the com- mon hazelnut, Corylus Avellan a . The Turkey filbert is the fruit of C. Colurna. See Corylus . IMG:content-1311.png:[blocks in formation] The countrey yeeldeth many good trees of fruit, as fil- berds in some places, but in all places cherie trees, and a kind of peare tree meet to graffe on. Hakluyt's Voyages , III. 132. The fylbyrdes hanging to the ground, The fygg-tree and the maple round. In the end he gat himselfe the anger and displeasure of the masters and keepers of the said ponds and cisterns, with his continuall and immeasurable jilching. Holland , tr. of Pliny, I. 251. But he that filches from me my good name Robs me of that which not enriches him, And makes me poor indeed. Shak ., Othello, iii. 3. He has play'd the thief with me, and filch'd away The richest jewel of my life, my honour. Dekker , English Villanies, sig. M, 3 (ed. 1632). 2. An act of theft; also, the thing stolen. This is all you have to do, Save every hour a filch or two, Be it money, cloth, or pullen. fildort, fildoret, n. [ME., fil d'or , thread of gold: fil ( filum ), thread; de ( de ), of; or ( aurum ), gold: see files , de2, or3.] Gold thread. The mane of that mayn hors much to hit lyke, Wel cresped & cemmed wyth knottes ful mony, Folden in wyth jildore aboute the fayre grene, Ay a herle of the here, an other of golde. IMG:content-1312.png:[blocks in formation] Mock the nice touches of the critic's file. Akenside , Odes, ii. 1. 3. In entom ., a surface covered with fine par- allel ridges, on which another surface can be rubbed, producing the sound called stridula- tion. These organs are found on various parts of the body, as the wings, thorax, and abdo- men.-4. The rough spines of a sea-urchin, as a cidarid. [Prov. Eng.] Balance-wheel file. See balance - wheel . Barrel-hole file, a watchmakers' file, of rectangular section, very thin, and with parallel edges. Bastard file. See bastard .-Blunt file, a file terminating in a blunt end, and graded between a taper file and a dead-parallel file. Cabinet file, a fine sin- gle-cut file for wood-work. - Cant file. See cant file.- Checkering-file, a file formed of two files riveted to- gether to form two edges, one of which serves as a guide or spacer, while the other cuts a groove, used in checker- work such as is formed on the small of gun-stocks, etc. Also called double file . - Circular file, a circular saw or serrated disk designed to run on a spindle or mandrel, used to cut the teeth of cog-wheels. - Clock-pinion file. Same as endle -screw file . Cotter file. See cotter- file . Dead file, a file whose cuts are so fine that it makes very little noise in use. - Dead-parallel file. See paral- lel file . file, a file having very fine and close teethead-smoothie fine file Dental file, a small file of varied and peculiar forms used in mechani: cal and operative dentistry. - Double-cut file, a file which has two series of straight cuts cro ing each other, and thus forming a number of points or teeth. Double file. Same as checkering-file. - Double-half-round file, a file with curved sides and convex edges of different angles. It is used for dre ing or cro ing out balance-wheels, and hence is also called cro - file . Dovetail-file, a thin file with a back of tin or bra , resembling the stiffener of a dovetail or tenon-saw. Endle -screw file, a flat file with a constant thickne and parallel edges. Also called equaling-file. Entering-file, a flat tapering file for pre- paring work for a cotter or other file. - Equaling-file, a flat file with a constant thickne , more or le tapering in width. Equalizing-file, a flat file of uniform thickne , used in repairing watches and clocks. Feather-edge file, a file having a sharp edge, the cro -section forming an acute angle. Five-cant file, a file having one angle of 108 and two of 36° each, used to file M-toothed saws. - Flat file, a common double-cut file of various grades of finene of cut, sometimes taper, and sometimes of uni- form size through the whole length. - Float-file, a single cut file used by comb-makers and ivory-carvers, of several kinds, known as carlet , topper , etc. - Gullet ing-file, a round, blunt, single-cut file for sharpening saws. Half- round file, a file flat on one side and rounding on the other. E. H. Knight . - Half-thick file, a file used as a rubber file for coarse work. It is strong and heavy, and has one round side and three flat ones. Knife-file, a file with a sharp edge and thin blade-like section, used to finish narrow grooves. - Lead-float file, a coarse single-cut file for soft metals. - Marble-workers' file, one of a series of fine files and rasps used by sculptors and workers in marble. One form has perforations for the escape of the dust. Middle-cut file, a file of which the teeth are in coarsene between the rough and the bastard. - Nicking- file, a thin file for making nicks in the heads of screws. E. H. Knight. Parallel file, a file of uniform section, or without taper from tang to point. A flat and mat he matically correct file is termed a dead - parallel file .-Per- forated file, a sculptors' file which has perforations to permit the escape of abraded material. It was invented by Hiram Powers. - Piercing-file, a sharp and narrow file to enlarge a narrow drilled hole. E. H. Knight.- Pivot-file, a fine file used in dre ing pivots on the arbors tapering file. Rough file, a file with heavy deep cuts made at an angle of about 12° to the perpendicular.- Round-edge file, a form of file with a convex edge, used in dre ing the spaces between the teeth of gear-wheels. E. H. Knight . Round file, one of a series of small files of circular section. If tapering, such files are called rat- tail files ; if of uniform section, they are called joint - files , from their use in filing out apertures for joint-wires and pintles of hinges. E. H. Knight.Round-joint file, a form of file used in clock-making. - Round-off file, a small half-round file, with the convex side safe or un- cut, used for rounding or pointing the teeth of wheels originally cut square. E. H. Knight . - Safe-edged file, a file having one edge or more left uncut and made smooth. Such files are most commonly used in forming a shoul- der or set-off, and in filing out rectangular corners. In certain files the edges only are cut, the faces being left smooth. Saw-file, a file for sharpening saw-teeth, tri- angular in cro -section for hand-saws and flat for mill- saws. E. H. Knight . Screw-head file, a feather-edged file for nicking screw-heads. E. II. Knight . Second- cut file, a file graded between the bastard and smooth files. Single-cut file, any file having a single series or course of teeth: distinguished from the double - cut file.- Slitting-file, a file with two acute and two obtuse edges and parallel sides. E. H. Knight . - Smooth file, a finish- ing file graded between the second-cut and dead-smooth files. Square file, a file which is square in its transverse section. It is usually tapering, with one smooth side. Superfine file. Same as dead -smooth file . Three- square file, the ordinary tapering hand-saw file, of tri- angular cro -section. Also called triangular file . Е. Н. Knight . To bite or gnaw a file, to attempt in anger or ignorance something that is entirely impracticable or that merely injures one's self: in allusion to the fable of the serpent which attempted to bite a file. Triangular file. Same as three - square file . Verge-file, a fine file with one smooth side: formerly used by watchmakers when work- ing on the verge of the old vertical escapement. Е. Н. Knight . Warding-file, a flat file having a constant thickne , and cut only upon the edges used in filing the ward-notches in keys. E. II. Knight . Watch-pinion file. Same as banking - file . filel (fil), v . t .; pret. and pp. filed , ppr. filing . [ filen = D. vijlen = LG. filen = OHG. fil on , MHG. vilen , G. feilen = Sw. fila = Dan. file = Icel. thēla , file; from the noun.] 1. Toruboreut with a file, or as if with a file; render smooth, sharp, even, etc., by rubbing with a file; re- move with a file: as, to file a saw; to file off a tooth. I would have filed keys off that hung in chains. Shak ., W. T., iv. 3. The fetters of my thraldom are fil'd off, And I at liberty to right myself. A smith, a smith, right speed i lie, To file the irons frae my dear brither. Lyly, Euphues, Anat. of Wit, p. 155. Shak., Sonnets, lxxxv. Scott . Now Arthur-Seat shall be my bed, The sheets shall ne'er be fyl'd by me. Waly, Waly, but Love be Bonny (Child's Ballads, IV. 133). For Banquo's i ue have I fil'd my mind. Shak ., Macbeth, iii. 1. 2. The whole number of papers thus arranged; hence, a collection of papers arranged accord- ing to date or subject for the sake of ready ref- erence; also, a bundle of papers tied together with the title of each indorsed: as, a file of newspapers; a file of writs.-3. A roll, list, or catalogue. Our present musters grow upon the file To five-and-twenty you sand men of choice. IMG:content-1313.png:[blocks in formation] 5. A row of persons or things arranged one be- hind another; mil it . , a row of soldiers forming a line from front to rear; the number of men constituting the depth of a battalion or squad- ron. When a battalion is formed in two ranks, a file of soldiers means two men. The front of a file is one man; its depth may be any number of men. So saying, on he led his radiant files , Dazzling the moon. Milton , P. L., iv. 797. Steele, Grief A-la-Mode, v. 1. Here files of pins extend their shining rows. Pope , R. of the L., i. 137. Scott . Soon after three files of soldiers entered. 61. Regular succe ion of thought or narration; uniform tenor; thread of discourse. And, were it not ill fitting for this file To sing of hilles and woods mongst warres and Knights, I would abate the sternene e of my stile. Spenser, F. Q., VII. vi. 37. file To place or fasten on a file; fasten, as papers, on a line or wire, for preservation; hence, to arrange in order, or insert in a bundle, as papers; arrange in a given order; cla ify. Then the examiner, register, and two clerks, They manage all at home, and sort, and file , And seal the news, and i ue them. B. Jonson, Staple of News, i. 1. Specifically-2. To place in due manner, as a document, among the records of a court or a public office. On ane Farnstein they fyled a bill. Raid of the Reid swire (Child's Ballads, VI. 134). Ashmole was obliged to file a bill in Chancery. 1. Walton , Complete Angler, p. 42, note. Middle ton, Inner-Temple Masque. 3. To receive, or receive and indorse, as a document so placed. Thy fair desires in virtue's court are fil'd .