chapels royal

The bodies of clergy andlay clerks having semitones between the third who conduct religious services at the and fourth and seventh and eighth courts of Christian monarchs. In tones. So called because it especially England there are several, the chief emphasizes the keynote. one being at St. James Palace, and (ka-rak'-ter-shtim' consisting of the Dean, the Lord High Charakterstimme me) Ger. n. Almoner, the Clerk of the Closet, two Literally, character voice: a solo deputies, the sub-dean, forty-eight stop in the organ; that is, any stop chaplains, eight priests in ordinary, a which produces a special effect or master of the children, one lay com imitates an orchestral instrument and poser, an organist, one lay organist is generally used in solo work. and chapel-masfer or choir-master, Ger. n. pi. (ka-rak'-ter-shtuk'-e) eight lay gentlemen and ten boys, and Charakterstucke other attendants. They hold services Musical compositions intended to at ten a. m., twelve noon and five describe certain impre ions or inc i thirty p. m. on Sun days and at eleven dents by means of sound. a. m. on feast days. charivari (sha-re-va-re) Fr. n. character of keys Rough Owing to the system of tuning cord made music, on tin clatter noise: horns and bells a and dis instruments of fixed intonation, some such instruments. A mock serenade. keys are much more useful than cha e (shas) Fr. n. others. Most composers have shown The hunt: in hunting style. Music a preference for certain keys, finding similar to the music of the hunting some character inherent in a given horn, or music to accompany the key which suited it to the subject of chase. the composition. Thus, the sharp keys chatsoteroth (kat-so'-te-roth) Heb, n. are more intense, clear and brilliant than the flat keys, which are somber chatzozerah (kat-zo-ze'-ra) Heb. n. This is thought to have been the and relaxing. Major keys are clear, straight silver trumpet of the Hebrews minor keys somber, The con summa which they used in their ritual and tion of clearne and brilliancy is at sometimes in battle. In the Bible, tained by the major sharp keys, that Moses was given specific directions in of somberne by the minor flat keys. regard to the making of these The keys of C major and A minor, trumpets out of one piece of silver. having neither sharps nor flats, pos- According to Joseph us, these trumse le character than any of the pets were somewhat le than a cubit others. long, a little thicker than a pipe, and characteristic having an oblong opening for blowing As an adjective this term is applied on, and a bell-shaped end like a horn. to music designed to represent some There is some dispute as to the appli- 118 99 chatzozerah cherubical hymn cation of the Hebrew word, mikshah chef (rounding), used in describing this Thed'attaque leader (shef of and at-tak') Fr. the orchestra, instrument, some authorities claiming principal first-violin player or sub that it refers to the bell-shaped end, conductor who should be able to lead and others that it means a complete the orchestra if required; the leader curve in the tube of the instrument. of a chorus or division of a chorus. chaunt chef-d'oeuvre (sha-duvr') Fr. A simple melody, usually written in A masterpiece: the most important four parts, to which were set portions of an author's compositions. of the Scriptures or forms for the chef-d'orchestre celebration of the ma . Some of the The leader or(shef-dor-kestr') conductor of Fr.an words were recited at pleasure and orchestra. others sung in strict time. See also chef du chant (shef dii sha.fi) Fr. chant. The leader of an opera chorus. chaunter chelidonize An obsolete form of the word From a Greek word, meaning to chanter. In the bagpipe this term twitter like a swallow. In the month is used as the name of that pipe by Boedroman, Rhodian boys sang a means of which the melody is pro popular song called the swallow song duced. It is furnished with a beating on the return of that bird, and made reed and with several fingerholes, it the occasion of begging. making it po ible to sound a variety che lid on i zing of tones in contrast to the drones, song. Singing a swallow song, or a spring which are pipes without fingerholes and can each produce but a single tone. chelys (kel'-is) Eng. n. from the Grk. A tortoise. The lyre of Mercury is che (ka) It. conj. fabled to have been a tortoise shell Than: as used in the direction, poco with strings stretched over its hollow. piu che allegretto, a little faster than During the Sixteenth and Seventeenth allegretto, or moderately fast time. Centuries this name was given to both che (ka) Chin. n. ba viol and division viol. An instrument used at religious or cheng (cheng) imperial ceremonies in China. The The Chinese mouth-organ which on body is carved from wood and is five its introduction into Europe led to or six feet long and about two feet the invention of the accordion and harwide, with a convex surface. Twenty monium. Its wind chest is a gourd or more silk strings are stretched to which the wind is supplied by a from end to end and are plucked with short, curving tube blown on by the the finger-tips. mouth. Into the gourd are fixed from che chi (ka ke) Chin. twelve to twenty-four free reed pipes One of the eight species into which enclosed in tubes and having holes Chinese musical sounds are divided, that must be stopped to make a sound. che a rent an a (ke-a-ren-ta'-na) It. n. Kratzenstein, an organ builder of A check rustic dance of Italy. St. Petersburg, applied this principle to organ stops. A part of the action of the piano, cherubical hymn it is an upright of thick wire ending 1. In the liturgy of the Greek in a spade-shaped head of leather. In Church, the hymn sung at the Great grand pianos it is fixed at the back Entrance _ or the proce ion of the part of the key, behind the hammers, Eucharistic elements which are carbut in upright pianos it is placed riedfrom _ the prothesis (the space before the hammer. Its duty is to adjoining the sanctuary on the north catch the hammer as it falls from the side and containing the table on which uig releases, r havinS struck it. The are prepared the Sacramental bread check the hammer when the and wine) through the body of the weight the key.of the finger is removed from church to the bema or sanctuary. This check, pedal ceremony was probably introduced into the service by Just in i an in the See pedal check, Sixth Century. chef (shef) Fr. n. 2. Cherubical is a term sometimes Chief, head: the leader, the chief used for the Seraphic hymn of the Person, the head. Roman Church, i. e., the Sanctus or 119 100 cherubical hymn chime Tersanctus (Holy, holy, holy), which character at the beginning of the forms the conclusion of the Preface composition which denotes the pitch and precedes the canon of the ma , in which it is written. The tuning chest of viols key, an instrument used by piano- An old name for a set of viols con tuners in tuning the instrument. The sisting of two ba es, two tenors and key of an instrument. two trebles, each having six strings. It. chiave maestro (ke-a'-ve ma-as'-tro) These instruments were particularly adapted to playing fantasias. The key note or note upon which chest-register the composition is built up. In male and female voices, the lower chiavette (ke-a-vet'-te) It. n. register or notes, the tones of which Value key. During the Sixteenth produce sympathetic vibrations in the Century it was an almost invariable chest. rule that no vocal part should go chest tone beyond the compa of the five line chest voice staff. In representing notes above or The lowest register or range of below this composers resorted to the notes in the voice. Also a vocal tone use of the clefs differing from those in ordinary use for the various voices, po e ing the quality of the chest which signs really had the effect of register or notes producing vibration in the chest. transposing the parts to higher or lower pitch. The chiavette proper, or chetarrina (ke-tar-re'-na) It. n. high chiavette, transposed the parts The small Neapolitan guitar. into a key a major third, an interval chevalet (she-va-la') Fr. n. of two whole tones, or a minor third Literally, wooden horse. or interval of one and a half tones, 1. The bridge of a stringed instruhigher than they were, and was really ment. A small bridge-shaped piece of wood set on the body of instruments equivalent to three fiats or four sharps of the violin and lute families, over in a signature having the usual clef. which the strings pa to the head. The low chiavette had the effect of 2. A stand for suspending a cymbal three sharps or four flats over the or gong. ordinary clef. cheville chica (tshe'-ka) Spa. n. A peg, (she-ve'-ye)pin or bolt:Fr. in _n. violin and An old Spanish dance brought to similar instruments a movable wooden South America by the early Spanish peg set in the head and used to tighten settlers, and very popular with their or loosen the tension of the strings. descendants. chevrotement chiesa (ke-a'-za) It. n. A trembling (she-vrot-mafi') of the voice: a Fr. adv. tremor A church. Used as an adjective to or shake in singing. denote music of religious character, chevroter (shev-ro-ta') Fr. v. as concerto da chiesa, in church style. To sing or speak in tremulous voice: chiffre (shefr) Fr. n. to make a bad or false trill. Figure, number: a figure, as one of chiaramente (ke-a-ra-men'-te) It. adv. the Arabic numerals which in Clearly, purely: a direction meaning thorough ba stand for a note and is to be rendered clearly, brightly and written above or below the ba part, distinctly. Whistling.(tche-fla-doo'-ra) Spa. n. chifladura chiarezza Brightne , (ke-a-ret'-tsa) clearne : as It. used n. in the term, con chiarezz, meaning to be chiflar (tche-flar') Spa. v. To whistle. rendered with clearne , brightne . chifonie (she-fo-ne') Fr. n. chiarina (ke-a-re'-na) It. n. A corruption of the Old French A clarion or trumpet. Derived from its clear, bright tone. symphonia, the old name for a hurdygurdy, an instrument composed of chiaro (ka-a'-ro) It. adj. four strings and played by a wheel Clear, brilliant, bright, pure in tone. rubbed in rosin. Two of the strings chiaroscuro (ke-a-ro-skoo'-ro) It. n. were stopped by certain keys and the Light and shade: a term descriptive others acted as a drone ba , or ba of the transitions from faint to loud having no variation of tone. in musical performance. chime chiave (ke-a'-ve) It. n. 1. A set of bells varying in number, A valve, a key: the key or clef, the tuned to the scale and played by