Achæa Phthiotis was the tract about Mount Othrys

Its sea-board reached from the middle of the Pagasæan gulf to the mouth of the Spercheius. Inland it once extended beyond Pharsalus, called anciently Phthia (Leake, iv. pp. 484, 485); but at this time its northern boundary seems to have been the line of hills stretching from Lake Xynias ( Taukli ) acro to the gulf of Pagasæ, and terminating in the promontory of Pyrrha (Cape Angkistri ). Westward it was bounded by the Dolopians and Enianians. Rawlinson, Herod., IV. 108, note. (b) A mountainous district in the Peloponnesus, bordering on the Corinthian Gulf, north of Elis and Arcadia: originally named Ægialus or Ægialeia, that is, "The Coast." (c) The states forming the restored Achæan League, about 280-146 B. c. See Achæan , 2. (d) A Roman prov early correspond ince, of uncertain limits, but nearly ing to modern Greece, formed probably in the 1st century B. C. Its northern boundary was prob a bly south of The aly and Epirus. The province was abolished by Nero, but was reestablished by Vespas i an. 2. A medieval Frankish principality in Greece, corresponding generally to the Peloponnesus. Achaia and Elis (ē'lis). A nomarchy in modern Greece. Area, 1,901 square miles. Population (1889), 210,713. Achalm (äch'älm). A summit of the Rauhe Alb, near Reutlingen, in Würtemberg, 2,300 feet high. Achamoth (ak'a-moth). The name given by the Gnostic Valentine to a lower or imperfect Wisdom, the weakest æon, the form under which spirit surrenders itself completely to matter and becomes the foundation of the real world. Achan (a'kan). An Israelite of the tribe of Judah, stoned to death, with his family, for plundering during the sack of Jericho. Josh. vii. Also called Achar . 1 Chron. ii. 7. Achard (äch'ärt), Franz Karl. Born at Berlin, April 28, 1753: died at Cunern, Silesia, April 20, 1821. A German chemist, the founder of the beet-root sugar manufacture. Achard (äsh-är'), Louis Amédée Eugène. Born at Marseilles, April 23, 1814: died at Paris, March 25, 1875. A French novelist and dramatist, author of "La Belle Rose" (1847), “La Cha e Royale" (1849-50), etc. A char i us (ä-kä'ri-ös), Erik. Born at Gefle, Sweden, Oct. 10, 1757: died at Wadstena, Sweden, Aug. 14; 1819. A Swedish physician and botanist, a pupil of Linnæus: author of "Lich enographia universal is," etc. Acharnians (a-kär'ni-anz), The. [Gr. Ἀχαρναί , Acharnæ, the principal deme of Attica, 60 stadia north of Athens, near the foot of Mount Parnes.] A comedy of Aris toph anes, brought out, under the name of Call i stratus, at the Lenæa, or country Dionysia, 425 B. C. It was an attempt to support the aristocratic peace party against the intrigues and intimidations of the democratic war party Maced on i an domination, and were afterward joined by 251 B. C. the confederation acquired new strength by the acce ion of Sikyon, under the leadership of Aratus. In 245 B. C. Aratus was elected strategus of the league, which under his guidance rapidly rose to national importance. In a short time it embraced Athens, Ægin a, Salamis, and the whole of Peloponnesus, with the exception of Sparta, Tegea, Orc home nos, Mantineia, and Elis. It was destroyed by the Romans in 146 B. C., and with it fell the last stronghold of freedom in Greece. The Achæan League is remarkable as the most perfect type of federal government which has been handed down from antiquity. The confederation was inseparable, every city having equal rights with the others; in foreign affairs the federal government was supreme. Common affairs were regulated at general meetings held twice a year by the the other Achæan cities, except Olenos and represented by the chorus of Acharnians. In form it is an extravagant farce rather than a comedy. Achasta. See Rumsen . Achastlian. See Rumsen . painter, brother of Andreas. The subjects his works are chiefly Italian. A chen wall (ach'en-väl), Gottfried. Born at Elbing, Pru ia, Oct. 20, 1719: died at Göttingen, May 1, 1772. A German scholar, profe or of philosophy (1748) and of law (1761) at the University of Göttingen. He is regarded as the founder of the science of statistics. Achern (äch'ern). A town in Baden, situated on the Acher about 31 miles southwest of