Ricara

See Arikara. Ricardo (ri-kär'dō), David. Born at London, April 19, 1772: died at Gatcomb Park, Gloucestershire, Sept. 11, 1823. A noted English po litical economist, of Hebrew descent. In 1819 he became a member of Parliament. His chief work is "Prin ciples of Political Economy and Taxation "(1817). He also wrote "The High Price of Bullion a Proof of the Depreciation of Bank-Notes" (1809), "Funding System" (1820: in the "Encyclopædia Britannica"). He was especially noted for his discu ion of the theory of rent. His works were edited by M'Culloch in 1846. Ricasoli (re-kä'sō-lē), Baron Bettino. Born at Florence, March 9, 1809: died at his castle Brolio, near Siena, Oct. 28, 1880. An Italian statesman, gonfalonier of Florence 1847-48. He took part, as a liberal, in the movements in Tus cany 1848-49; was the head of the Tuscan government An Italian painter. Riccoboni (rēk-kō-bōnē), Lodovico. Born at Modena, 1677: died at Parma, Dec. 5, 1753. An Italian playwright, actor, and writer on the theater. Jeanne Labor as de Mézières). Born at Paris, Riccoboni (rēk-kō-bōnē), Madame (Marie 1714: died there, 1792. A French novelist and Richardson, Henry Hobson peasants under Wat Tyler was put down in 1381. Richard a umed the government personally in 1389. He was overthrown by the Duke of Here ford (see Henry IV .) in 1399, and was probably murdered in prison. Richard III. Born at Fother in gay, England, Oct. 2, 1452: killed at the battle of Bosworth, Aug. 22, 1485. King of England 1483-85, third son of Richard, duke of York, and younger brother of Edward IV. He was known as the Duke of Gloucester before his acce ion. He served in the battles of Barnet and Tewkesbury in 1471; and invaded Scotland in 1482. On the death of Edward IV. in April, 1483, he seized the young Edward V., and caused himself to be proclaimed protector. On June 26, 1483, he a umed the crown, the death of Edward V. and his brother in prison being publicly announced shortly after. He suppre ed Bucking ham's rebellion in 1483; and was defeated and slain in the battle of Bosworth by the Earl of Richmond (see Henry VII .). He was the last of the Plantage net line. Richard IV., King of England. A title a umed by Perkin Warbeck. Richard II. A historical play by Shakspere, produced between 1594 and 1596. It is the earliest of the historical series, and the plot is from Holinshed's "Chronicle." Theobald adapted it in 1720. Richard III. A historical play, thought to be completed and altered by Shakspere in 1594 from an earlier play by Marlowe, left unfinished at his death. It was printed anonymously in 1597: in the 1598 edition Shakspere's name appears, and Cibber produced an alteration in 1700 which was long considered the only acting version of the text. Mac ready produced a partial restoration in 1821. In 1876 Edwin Booth rewith his but no interpolation ing amour range ment, but no interpolations. The famous line "Off stored the Shakspere version with slight changes of Richard, Duke of Gloucester. See Richard III . letter-writer, daughter-in-law of L. Riccoboni. Richard, Duke of York. See York , Duke of . Her best works are "His to ire du Marquis de Crécy," "Let- Richard Cœur de Lion. An old romance, tres de Milady Catesby," and "Ernestine." She also wrote a continuation of Marivaux's "Marianne," which she did printed by Wynkyn de Worde in 1509. It appears not finish. IMG:content-0844.png:[blocks in formation] Rice Lake. A lake in the province of Ontario, Canada, 60 miles northeast of Toronto, and 10 to have been written in French in the time of Edward I., and afterward translated into English. Richard Cœur de Lion. An opera by Grétry, words by Sedaine, by Sedaine, produced at Paris in 1784. Richard of Cirencester. Died at Westminster about 1401. An English Benedictine monk and historian. He wrote an English history ("Speculum," edited 1863-69), and long was reputed to be the author of the forgery "De situ Britanniæ. Richard Plantage net. See Plantage net . miles north of Lake Ontario, into which it ul- Richard the Fearle . Died 996. Duke of Nortimately discharges. Length, about 20 miles. mandy, son of William Long sword whom he succeeded in 943 or 942. Normandy was GalliRich (rich), Claudius James. Born near Dijon, cized principally in his reign. France, March 28, 1787: died at Shiraz, Persia, Richard the Good. Duke of Normandy 996Oct. 5, 1821. An English Orientalist and traveler in Syria, Babylonia, Kurdistan, and else- 1026, son of Richard the Fearle . where. He was British resident in Bagdad. Narratives of his travels were published in 1811 and 1836. Rich, Edmund. See Edmund , Saint . Rich, John. Born in 1692: died Nov. 26, 1761. A noted English harlequin, called "the Father The title is Richard the Redele . A poem probably by William Lang land, written in 1399. given by Profe or Skeat, and refers to the "redele " Richard II., or Richard "without counsel." Richards (rich'ärdz), Brinley. Born at Car- mar then, Nov. 13, 1817: died at London, May 1, of several popular songs ("Her bright smile of Harlequins." He played under the name of Lun. He 1885. A Welsh composer. He was the author the first Covent Garden Theatre, which was opened Dec. 7, was manager at Lincoln's Inn Fields 1713-32, and then built 1732. During the season of 1718-19 Rich frequently pro haunts me still," etc.). duced French plays and operas at Lincoln's Inn Fields. Rich, Penelope Devereux. See Stella . Rich, Thomas D. Born at New York, May 20, 1808: died there, Sept. 19, 1860. An American negro minstrel, the originator of "Jim Crow." ville, and first appeared in New York, at the Park Theater, He made his first appearance in negro character at Louis- Richards (rich'ärdz), James. Born at New Canaan, Conn., about 1767: died at Auburn, N. Y., Aug., 1843. An American Presbyterian clergyman, profe or at Auburn Theological Seminary. Richards (rich'ärdz), Thomas Add is on. Born as Jim Crow. He went to England in 1836, and acted at at London, Dec. 3, 1820. An American land the Surrey Theatre, London, with great succe . Richard (richard) I., surnamed "The LionHearted" (F. "Cœurde Lion"). [ME. Richard , from OF. Richard , F. Richard , It. Sp. Pg. Ricar do , ML. Ricardus , from OHG. Richart , G. Reich ard, powerful.] Born probably at Oxford, Sept. 8, 1157: died April 6, 1199. King of England 11891199, third Son of Henry II. He was invested with the duchy of Aquitaine in 1169; joined the league between his elder brother Henry and Louis VII. of France against his father 1173-74; became heir apparent on the death of his brother Henry in 1183; acted with Philip II. of France against his father 1188-89; and succeeded to the throne of England, the duchy of Normandy, and the county of Anjou in 1189. He started on the third Crusade in alliance with Philip II. of France in 1190; conquered Cyprus in 1191; arrived at Acre in June; a isted in the capture of Acre in July; defeated the Saracens at Arsuf the same year; retook Jaffa from Salad in in 1192; signed a truce with Salad in in Sept.; and left Palestine in Oct. He was taken prisoner in Aus tri a by Duke Leopold in Dec.; was transferred to the em per or Henry VI. in March, 1193; and returned to England on the payment of a ransom in 1194. Having suppre ed a rebellion of his brother John, he turned against John's ally, Philip II., whom he defeated at Gisors in 1195. He built the Chateau Gaillard in 1197, and was mortally wounded by an arrow while besieging Chaluz, near Limoges. Richard II. Born at Bordeaux, France, April 13,1366: probably murdered at Pontefract. England, Feb., 1400. King of England 1377-99, son of the "Black Prince" Edward, and grandson of Edward III. whom he succeeded. During his minority the government was conducted by his uncles the Dukes of Lancaster and Gloucester. A rebellion of the scape-painter. He was made a national academician in 1851, and has been corresponding secretary of the academy since 1852. He was first director of the Cooper Union School of Design for Women 1858-60, and has been profe or of art in the University of New York since 1867. Richards, William. Born at Plain field, Ma ., Aug. 22, 1792: died at Honolulu, Sandwich Islands, Dec. 7, 1847. An American mi ionary to the Sandwich Islands. He was also in the Hawaiian diplomatic and political service. Richards, William Trost. Born at Philadelphia, Nov. 14, 1833. An American marine and landscape-painter. He is an honorary member of the National Academy. He studied with Paul Weber in Philadelphia, and visited Italy, France, Germany, and England at different periods between 1855 and 1880. A series of 47 water-color landscapes and marine views (1871-76) is at the Metropolitan Museum, New York. Richardson (rich'ärd-son), Albert Deane. Born at Franklin, Ma ., Oct. 6, 1833: killed at New York, Dec. 2, 1869. An American journalist. He was correspondent of the New York "Tribune" in the Civil War. He published "The Field, the Dungeon, and the Escape" (1865), a life of U. S. Grant (1868), etc. Richardson, Charles. Born July, 1775: died at Feltham, near London, Oct. 6, 1865. An English lexicographer. He was the teacher of a school at Clapham. He compiled a dictionary of the English language (1836: supplement 1856), and also published "On the Study of Languages, etc." (1854). Richardson, Henry Hobson. Born at New Orleans, 1838: died at Boston, April 28, 1886. Richardson, Henry Hobson An American architect. He graduated at Harvard in 1859, and studied at the École des Beaux Arts, Paris. Among his designs are Trinity Church (Boston), Albany city hall, and parts of the State capitol at Albany. Richardson, James. mes. Born at Boston, England, Nov. 3, 1809: died in Bornu, Sudan, March 4, 1851. An English traveler in Africa. His explora tion of the (Ghadames, Ghat, etc.) and studies on the Tuaregs (1845) were described in his "Travels in the Great Desert of Sahara" (1849). Accompanied by Overweg and Barth, he started in 1850 from Tripoli for Lake Chad, and explored the rocky plateau of Hammada, but succumbed at Ungurutua, near Lake Chad. His notes were published in "Narrative of a Mi ion to Central Africa" (1853) and "Travels in Morocco" (1859). Richardson, Sir John. Born at Dumfries, Scotland, Nov. 5, 1787: died near Grasmere, England, June 5, 1865. A British naturalist and traveler. He took part as surgeon and naturalist in the arctic expeditions of Parry and Franklin, and in the Franklin relief expedition of 1848. He published "Fauna Boreali-American a" (1829-37), "Arctic Searching Expedition" (1851), etc. Richardson, Samuel. Born in Derby shire, England, 1689: died at London, July 1761. An English novelist, called the founder of the Eng lish domestic novel." He was apprenticed as a master of the Stationers' Company. When a boy he was addicted to letter-writing, and was employed by young girls to write love-letters for them. In 1739 he composed a volume of "Familiar Letters," which were afterward published as an aid to those too illiterate to write their own letters without a istance. From this came "Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded" (1741: 2 more vols. 1742). He then (7 vols. 1748, 8 vols. 1768), and "The History of Sir Charles Grand is on" (1753). His correspondence, with a biography by Anna Letitia Barbauld, was published in 1804. All his novels were published in the form of letters, which was suggested by his early work in letter-writing. Richardson, William Alexander. Born in Fayette County, Ky., Oct. 11, 1811: died at Quincy, Ill., Dec. 27, 1875. An American politician. He was Democratic member of Congre from Illinois 1847-56; governor of Nebraska 1857-58; and Democratic United States senator from Nebraska 1863-65. Richardson, William Merchant. Born at Pelham, N. H., Jan. 4, 1774: died at Chester, N. H., March 23, 1838. An American jurist and politician. He was a Federalist member of Congre from Ma achusetts 1812-14, and chief justice of New HampRichborough (rich'burō). A place in Kent, England, on the Stour 11 miles east of Canterbury: the Roman Rutupiæ. It was an important Roman fortre and seaport. Riché (re-sha'), Jean Baptiste. Born at Cap Haitien, 1780: died at Port-au-Prince, Feb. 28, 1847. A Haitian general and politician. He was a negro, and in early life was a slave. He served under Chris top he against Pétion, and subsequently under Boyer; and was president of Haiti from March 1, 1846. Richelieu (rēsh-lye'). A town in the department of Indre-et-Loire, France, situated on the Mable 32 miles southwest of Tours. Popula tion (1891), 2,364. Richelieu, or Chambly (shon-blē'), or St. John (sant jon). A river in the province of Quebec, Canada, which i ues from Lake Cham plain and flows into the St. Lawrence at Sorel, 44 miles northeast of Montreal. Length, about 80 miles. Richelieu (F. pron. rēsh-lyė; E. resh'lö), Cardinal and Duc de (Armand Jean du Ple is). Born at Paris (or at the Castle of Richelieu in Poitou), Sept. 5, 1585: died at Paris, Dec. 4, 1642. A celebrated French statesman. He was educated for the church; became bishop of Luçon in 1607, and secre tary of state in 1616; was exiled to Blois (later to Avignon) in 1617; became cardinal in 1622; and was the principal min ister of Louis XIII. 1624-42. He increased the influence of France abroad and the power of the crown at home, and le ened the power of the nobles. The chief events in his administration were the destruction of the political power of the Huguenots by the siege and capture of La Rochelle 1627-28; the war in Italy against Spain and Austria 1629-30; the defeat of the partizans of Maria de' Medici in 1630; the suppre ion of the rising of Montmorency and Gaston of Orléans in 1632; the cooperation of France with Sweden in the Thirty Years' War; the founding of the French Academy 1635; and the defeat of the Cinq-Mars conspiracy in 1642. His literary remains include religious works, dramas, memoirs, correspondence, and state papers. Richelieu, Duc de Armand Emmanuel du Ple is). Born at Paris, Sept. 25, 1766: died May 17, 1822. A French politician, grandson of Marshal Richelieu. He emigrated about 1789, and was in the Ru ian service during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic periods, being appointed governor of Ode a in 1803. He returned to France in 1814; became premier in 1815; signed the treaty with the Allies in 1815; was amba ador at the Congre of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1818; and retired from office in 1818. He was premier again 1820-21. Richelieu, Duc de (Louis François Armand du Ple is). Born at Paris, March 13, 1696: died there, Aug. 8, 1788. A French marshal, grandnephew of Cardinal Richelieu. He defended