In 1604 he was authorized by James 1

to collect an our loving subjects their voluntary contributions and kind gratuities." Stowe (sto). A village in Bucking hams hire, England, 3 miles northwest of Bucking ham: noted for its castle and park. Stowe, Calvin Ellis. Born at Natick, Ma ., April 6, 1802: died at Hartford, Conn., Aug. 22, 1886. An American educator and theological writer, profe or succe ively in Dart mouth College, Lane Theological Seminary (Ohio), Bowdoin College, and 1852-64 (of sacred literature) in And over Theological Seminary. He published "Introduction to the Criticism and Interpretation of the Bible" (1835), "Origin and History of the Books of the Bible" (1867 and 1887), translation of Jahn's "Hebrew Commonwealth" (1828). Stowe, Mrs. (Harriet Elizabeth Beecher). Born at Litchfield, Conn., June 14, 1811: died at Hartford, Conn., July 1, 1896. A noted Amer The Century Cyclopedia of Names by Purchas), "For the Colony in Virginea Britannia: Lawes Divine, Morall, and Mart i all" (1612), "Historie of Travaile into Virginia Britannia" (published by the Hakluyt Society 1849). Strada, Alonzo de. See Estrada . Str a dell a (strä-del'lä). A town in the province of Pavia, northern Italy, situated on the Aversa 10 miles southeast of Pavia. Population (1881), commune, 8,630. 20 Str a dell a. 1. An opera by Flotow. It was first produced as a short lyrical piece in Paris in 1837, and after- ward rewritten and produced in its present form in Ham burg, Dec. 30, 1844, as "A le andro Str a dell a." Str a dell a, A le andro. Born at Naples about 1645: died at Genoa about 1681. An Italian com- poser, alleged to have been also a noted singer and performer. Str a dell a, A le andro. See Str a dell a , 1. Str a dell a, Defile of. A famous pa and strate- Strakosch (sträʼkosh), Maurice. Born at Lem- berg, Galicia, 1823: died at Paris, Oct. 9, 1887. An opera and concert manager. He introduced Patti, Nil on, and other famous singers to Strakosch, Max. Born 1835. An opera mana- ger, brother of Maurice Strakosch, and partner in many of his ventures. Stralsund (sträl'sönd). A seaport in the prov- ince of Pomerania, Pru ia, situated on the Strelasund in lat. 54° 19′ N., long. 13° 5' E. It exports grain, and has varied manufactures. It con- tains a Rathaus and 3 large Gothic churches. The city was founded by the Prince of Rügen in 1209; was a Hanse- atic town; was unsucce fully besieged by Wal lens tein in 1628; pa ed to Sweden in 1648; was several times cap- tured; was defended unsucce fully by Schill against the French allies in 1809; and pa ed to Pru ia in 1815. Pop- ulation (1890), 27,814. Strand (strand). One of the chief thorough- fares of London, extending southeast from Fleet street to Charing Cro . Originally the only route between the City and Westminster was by Wat- ling street over Holborn Bridge. Later, when Ludgate was opened and Fleet Bridge built, a more direct way was made by the "Straunde" through the fens or marsh by the river side. The street became the fashionable quarter, and was, especially on the river side, built up with fine palaces Savoy, etc.). Strange (stranj), Sir Robert. Born in Main- land, Orkney, July 14, 1721: died at London, July 5, 1792. A British line-engraver. In 1735 he was apprenticed to an Edinburgh engraver, and in 1745- 1746 he was in the Jacobite army. In 1748 he studied drawing under J. B. Descamps at Rouen; in 1749 was a pupil of Le Bas at Paris; and in 1750 returned to Lon- don, where he superintended the illustrations of Dr. Wil- liam Hunter's work on the "Gravid Uterus" from red chalk drawings by Van Rymsdyck, published in 1774. In 1753 he engraved the "Magdalen" and "Cleopatra" of Guido, and in 1760 went to Italy. He was elected a Florence Strasburg-an-der-Drewenz (sträs börg-än- Paris, and was knighted in 1787. Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, The. A tale by R. L. Stevens on, published in 1886. Stranger (str an'jer), The. A translation from Kotzebue's "Misanthropy and Repentance," by Thompson, altered and improved by Sheridan. Strange Story, A. A novel by Bulwer Lyt- IMG:content-1071.png:[blocks in formation] Strang ford (strang'ford), Lough. A lake or branch of the Irish Sea, situated in northeast-southeast of Brünn. Population (1890), 4,719. ern Ireland 10 miles southeast of Belfast. Length, about 16 miles. Straniera (strä-ne-a'rä), La. [It., 'The Stranger.'] An opera by Bellini, first pro- duced at Milan in 1829. Stranraer (str an-rär'). A seaport in Wig- towns hire, Scotland, situated at the head of Loch Ryan, in lat. 54° 54′ N., long. 5° 2' W. It has some coasting trade. Population (1891), 6,193. Strap (strap), Hugh. A follower of Roderick Random in Smollett's novel of that name. He is a simple, disinterested fellow, ill treated by his mother. Str a parol a da Caravaggio (strä-pä-rō'lä dä kä-rä-väd'jō), Giovanni Francesco, known as Str a parol a. Born near the end of the 15th century: died about 1557. An Italian novelist. He published "Sonetti, strambotti, epistole e capitole" called "Tredeci piacevoli nott i," drawn from many sources and published at Venice in two series in 1550 and 1554. Many editions were i ued, and the book has been a store. house from which succeeding writers have obtained plots, etc. Shakspere and Molière are indebted to it, one of the stories is in Painter's "Palace of Pleasure," and there have Str afford (straford). A tragedy by Robert Browning, relating to the Earl of Str afford. It called "Str a parol a's Nights. IMG:content-1072.png:[blocks in formation] Rhine, in lat. 48° 35′ N., long. 7° 46′ E.: the Ro- man Argent or a tum. It is a railway center, a fortre of the first rank, and an important strategic point. It has manufactures of beer, leather, tobacco, dyes, etc.; and ex- ports beer, sausages, "fat liver pies," sauer-kraut, hops, etc. The cathedral is an interesting monument, founded in the 11th century, and not finished until the 15th. The west front and openwork tower and spire are famous: the front is very richly decorated with traceried windows and slender arcading, and has fine sculptured portals and a splendid rose, but it bears little relation to the remainder of the edifice, far above which it rises in a heavy square ma . The spire is 468 feet high. The 13th-century nave is 100 feet high, and excellent in design: the east end is of mas- Strathclyde (strath-klid'). A medieval Celtic kingdom, embracing in its greatest extent southwestern Scotland to the Clyde and north- western England to the Mersey. The northern part was finally annexed to Scotland in 1124. Called Cum- Strath earn (strath-ern'). The valley of the Earn, in Perth shire, Scotland. Strath more (strath-mōr'). An extensive plain in eastern Perth shire and For far shire, Scot- land. Strath Spey (strath spā). The valley drained by the Spey in the counties of Inverne , Elgin, and Banff, Scotland. Strato (strātō), or Straton (strāʼton). [Gr. Στρατών.] A Greek peripatetic philosopher, the succe or of Theophrastus in the presidency of (strä-kō-net'se). A manufacturing town in (1842) is an artistic and scientific curiosity. The Church of Bohemia, situated on the Wattawa 61 miles southwest of Prague. Population (1890), com- mune, 5,419. IMG:content-1073.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-1074.png:[blocks in formation] his life nothing is known. He wrote epics and "Beispiele" (fables, stories, etc.). Thumb). Born at Bridge port, Conn., 1838: died at Middle borough, Ma ., 1883. An American dwarf, exhibited by P. T. Barnum in various parts of the world. He married in 1863 Mercy Lavinia Bump (Lavinia Warren), also a dwarf. When first exhibited he was about two feet high, but grew to a height of forty inches. Strau (strous), David Fried rich. Born at Ludwigsburg, Würtemberg, Jan. 27, 1808: died at Ludwigsburg, Feb. 8, 1874. A celebrated German theological and philosophical writer and biographer. He was educated at Tübingen and Berlin, and was "repetent" at the Theological Seminary and lecturer at the University of Tübingen 1832-35. He was deprived of his office on account of his "Leben Jesu," and received the position of teacher at the Lyceum of Ludwigsburg: this, however, he abandoned in 1836, and went to Stuttgart. In 1839 he was called as profe or of men used much opposition that he was at once pensioned, and soon driven from the place. He lived so thereafter at Stuttgart, Darmstadt, and elsewhere. He character. Among his works are "Das Leben Jesu" ("Life sought prove that the gospel history mythical in of Jesus," 1835), "Die christliche Glaubenslehre, etc." of ("Christian Doctrine of Belief," 1840-41), biographies Schubart (1849), Märklin (1851), Frischlin (1855), Ulrich von Hutten (1858-60), Reimarus (1862), Voltaire (1870), "Das Leben Jesu für das deutsche Volk" (1864). "Der alte und der neue Glaube" Strick land (strik'land), Agnes. Born about 1808: died July, 1874. An English historical writer. Her chief works are "Lives of the Queens of England" (12 vols. 1840-49), “Lives of the Queens of Scotland" (8 vols. 1850-59), “Bachelor Kings of England" edited "Letters of Mary Queen of Scots," and wrote several novels. String ham (string'am), Silas Horton. Born at Middle town, Orange County, N. Y., Nov. 7, 1798: died at Brooklyn, N. Y., Feb. 7, 1876. An American admiral. He served in the War of 1812, and in the Algerine and Mexican wars, and commanded the expedition to the Hatter as forts in Aug., 1861. Ströbeck (strė'bek). A small village in the province of Saxony, Pru ia, near Halberstadt. Its inhabitants are renowned for their skill as che -players. Stroma (stromä). A small island of Scotland, situated in Pentland Firth between Caithne and the Orkneys. Stromboli (strom'bō-lē). One of the Lipari Islands, north of Sicily: famous for its constantly active volcano (height, 3,038 feet). Stromne (strom-nes'). A seaport on the western coast of Mainland, Orkney Islands, 13 miles west of Kirkwall. The Century Cyclopedia of Names Islands. Strömö (stré'me). The chief one of the Faroe Strömstad (strém' städ). A small watering place on the southwestern coast of Sweden, lief," 1872), and controversial works. Strau , Eduard. Born at Vienna, Feb. 14, 1835. An Austrian composer of dance-music, son of Johann Strau (1804-49). In 1870 he became conductor of the court balls. He has composed more than 200 pieces of dance-music. Strau , Johann. Born at Vienna, ana, March 14, 1804: died there, Sept. 25, 1849. An Austrian composer and conductor, famous for his dance music. In 1826 he became the conductor of a small orchestra at Vienna, which gave succe ful concerts, and he was engaged for six years at the "Sperl." The band was finally enlarged to 200 members, out of which a se. lection was made of a certain number who played music of the highest cla . He now began a series of tours, ap pearing for the first time in England in 1838. He raised dance-music (of which he composed about 250 pieces) to a high level. Strau , Johann. Born at Vienna, Oct. 25, 1825: died there, June 3, 1899. An Austrian composer, son of Johann Strau (1804-49). He composed nearly 400 pieces of dance-music, among them the waltz "An der schönen blauen Donau" ("By the Beautiful Blue Danube"). Among his operettas are "Indigo, oder die vierzig Räuber" (1871), "Der Karneval in Rom," "Die Fledermaus," "Cagliostro," "Prinz Me thu salem," etc. Strau , Joseph, Born, sienna, Aug. 22, composer of dance-music, son of Johann Strau there, July 22, 1870. An Austrian (1804-49). He composed about 280 pieces of dance-music. Strawberry Hill (strâ ́ber"i hil). Horace Walpole's country house, near Twickenham, Surrey. gave Kitty Clive a small house near it, which he called Cliveden, sometimes "Little Strawberry Hill." Streaky Bay (strēki bā). An inlet of the ocean, on the coast of South Australia, in long. 134° Ε. Street (strēt), Alfred Billings. Born at PoughPough keepsie, N.Y., Dec. 18,1811: died at Albany, N.Y., June 2, 1881. An American poet and author, State librarian of New York. Among his poems are "The Burning of Schenectady" (1842), "Drawings and Tintings" (1844), "Fugitive Poems" (1846), "Frontenac" (1849). His other works include "Woods and Waters," on A dir on dack travel (1860), etc. Street, The. A popular name for the part of New York in and near Wall street, famous as a financial center. Strelasund (strāʼlä-zönt). The narrow strait which separates Rügen in the Baltic from the mainland of Germany. Strelitz. See Neustrelitz . Strelna (strāl'nä). A Ru ian royal palace, situated on the Gulf of Finland 12 miles west southwest of St. Petersburg. Strephon (stref'on). A shepherd, a character in Sir Philip Sidney's "Arcadia." In English poetry it is often a conventional name of a lover. Stretford (stret'ford). A town in Lancashire, England, situated on the Mersey 3 miles south west of Manchester. Population (1891), 21,751. Stretton (stret'on), Hesba. The pseudonym of Sarah or Hannah Smith, an English novelist and juvenile writer. She has published nearly forty books under this name. Stricker (strik'er), Der. Lived in Austria about 1240. A Middle High German poet. of Strong (strong), Caleb. Born at North amp ton, Ma ., Jan. 9, 1745: died there, Nov. 7, 1819. An American politician, a leading patriot in the Revolution. He was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1787; Federalist United States senator from Ma achusetts 1789-96; and governor of Ma achusetts 1800-07 and 1812-16. Strong, George Crockett. Born at Stock bridge, Vt., Oct. 16, 1832: died in New York city, July 30, 1863. An American general in the Civil War. He was a staff-officer under McDowell, McClellan, and Butler; and as brigadier-general was mortally wounded in the a ault on Fort Wagner, July 18, 1863. Strong, James. Born at New York, Aug. 14, 1822: died at Round Lake, N. Y., Aug. 7, 1894. An American scholar, acting president of Troy University 1858-61, and profe or of exegetical theology in Drew Theological Seminary, Madison, N. J., from 1868. He was one of the Old Testament revisers, and was a ociated with Dr. J. McClintock in editing the "Cyclopædia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature," becoming sole editor after McClintock's death. He also published "A New Harmony and Exposition of the Gospels" (1852), a "Harmony" in Greek (1854), and various other works, chiefly religious. Strong, James Hooker. Born at Canandaigua, N. Y., April 26, 1814: died at Columbia, S. C., Nov. 23, 1882. An American admiral, dis tinguished as commander of the Monongahela in the battle of Mobile Bay in the Civil War. He was promoted rear-admiral in 1873; commanded the South Atlantic squadron 1873-75; and retired in 1876. Strong, William. Born May 6, 1808: died Aug. 19, 1895. An American jurist. He was Democratic member of Congre from Pennsylvania 1847-51; justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania 1857-68; and a ociate justice of the United States Supreme Court 1870-80. He was a member of the Electoral Commi ion in 1877. Strong bow, Richard. See Clare , Richard de . Strong Island, or Ualan (wä-län'), or Kusai (kö-si). An island of the Caroline Archipelago, Pacific Ocean, in lat. 5° 21′ N., long. 163° 1'E. It has an American mi ion. Length, about 10 miles. Strongoli (strong'gō-lē). A small town in the province of Catanzaro, southern Italy, 36 miles northeast of Catanzaro: the ancient Poetelia. Stronsa (str on'sä), or Stronsay (str on'sā). An island of the Orkneys, Scotland, northeast of