Hernia

{Jier’ -ne-ali) [hernia, from epvog, sprout]. A protrusion of a viscus through an abnormal opening in the wall of the containing cavity; used without qualification, the word refers to hernia of the intestines. H., Abdominal, a protrusion of a portion of the abdominal viscera through some portion of the parietes. H. of the Bladder, the protrusion of a part of the bladder through one of the openings of the abdominal cavity. H. of the Brain, or H. cerebri, Fungus cerebri, a protrusion of the brain through the skull. H., Complete, a hernia in which the sac and its contents have pa ed the hernial orifice. H., Congenital, a form of indirect inguinal hernia in which, the vaginal proce of the peritoneum having remained patulous, the bowel descends at once into the scrotum, in direct contact with the testicle. H., Crural. See H., Femoral. H., Cystic. Same as Cystocele. H., Diaphragmatic, a protrusion of a portion of some of the abdominal viscera into the thorax, through a congenital defect in the diaphragm, or through a dilatation or laceration of one of the natural openings. H., Encysted; in this the pouch forming the tunica vaginal is is closed at its upper end but open below. The hernia in descending along the inguinal canal, enters the scrotum behind the tunica vaginal is, and is more or le completely surrounded by its posterior layer. H., Femoral, a hernia through the femoral canal, the tumor appearing on the upper inner aspect of the thigh, below Poupart’s a hernia ligament. which has H., Incarcerated, become occluded by the accumulation of gas, feces, or undigested food, thus causing obstruction of the bowels. H., Incomplete, one that has not entirely pa ed through the hernial orifice. H., Infantile. See H., Encysted. H., Inguinal, a hernia occupying the inguinal canal. H. of Iris, a protrusion of a portion of the iris after iridectomy, trauma, etc. H., Irreducible, one in which the protruded viscus cannot be returned by manipulation. H., Ischiatic, a protrusion of the bowel through the great sacrosciatic foramen. H.- knife, a probe-pointed knife for incising the constriction of a hernial sac. H., Labial, a protrusion of the bowel between the vagina and the ramus of the ischium into a labium majus. H. of Littre, a hernia in which only a diverticulum of the bowel is affected. The term Obstructed. is improperly See applied to Richter’s H. H., H., Incarcerated. H., Obturator, a protrusion of bowel through the obturator foramen. H., Omental, a HERPES hernia containing omentum; epiplocele. H., Perineal, a protrusion of the abdominal contents between the fibers of the levator ani muscle in front of or to one side of the anus. H.. Pudendal. Same as H., Labial. H., Reducible, one that may be returned by manipulation. H., Retroperitoneal, a hernia in which the intestine lodges in the fo a duodenojejunalis. H., Richter’s, one in which only a portion of the caliber of the gut enters the orifice. H., Scrotal, that form of inguinal hernia in which the protrusion has entered the scrotum. H., Strangulated, a hernia which is so tightly constricted at its neck as to interfere with its return, with the circulation of blood, and the pa age of feces. H., Umbilical, a protrusion of die abdominal contents through the umbilicus. H., Ventral, the name applied to protrusions of the abdominal contents through the abdominal walls in situations not usually subject to hernia;. 312