Baddish

Not very good; comparatively bad. (R.) "He wrote baddish verses."-Jeffrey. Ba'den, (GRAND-DUCHY OF in S. Germany, is bounded on the S. by the Lake of Con stance; on the W. by the Rhine, on the N. by He e and Bavaria, and on the E. by Würtemberg and Pru ia. It lies between Lat. 47° 32 and 49° 52′ N. Area , 5,912 sq. m. Its length is about 150 m. from N. to S., and its breadth nearly 115. DIVISIONS. The grand-duchy is divided into 4 circles, the area of which, and population, is as follows: IMG:content-0493.png:[blocks in formation] once every two years. The ministers are responsible for their actions, to the legislature and to every citizen who may lodge complaints against them before the Oberhofgericht, or Superior Tribunal.- Educa , interests. Numerous and flourishing, and public instruction is largely subsidized. There are two universities-the Protestant one at Heidelberg, founded in 1386, and the Catholic one at Freiburg, founded in 1457. The library at Heidelberg numbers 150,000 vols., that at Freiburg 100,000, while there is another of almost equal size at Carlsruhe. Lyceums exist at Carlsruhe, Con stance, Freiburg, Heidelberg, Manheim, Rastadt, and Wertheim; several gymnasiums; normal schools at Carlsruhe, Ettlingen, and Meersburg, besides upward of 2,000 common schools established throughout the country. There is an institution in Pfozrheim for the deaf and dumb, and one in Freiburg for the blind. The Polytechnic School at Carlsruhe is among the most efficient institutions of the kind in Germany. - History . B. was made a margraviate in 1130, by Hermann II., grandson of Berth old, Landgrave of Brisgau; his father, Hermann I., having previously acquired it by marriage. In 1288, it was divided among the 4 sons of Rodolph I., but in 1353 was reunited into a single state. In 1526, it was again divided; this time, into Baden-Baden, and Baden-Durlach. In 1533, Protestant ism was established. In 1771, Baden-Baden and Baden-Durlach were reunited; and in 1806, the title of Grand-Duke was given to the Margrave Charles Frederick by Napoleon I. In 1815, it joined the allies against Napoleon. Aug. 22d, 1818, a representative constitution was granted. With the Grand Duke Ludwig, who D. in 1830, the "legitimate" lines of the ancient princes came to an end, and the reigning family of Bavaria, the next of kin, were on the point of taking the country, when Leopold I., offspring of a morganatic marriage of Karl Fried rich, the preceding Grand Duke, with a Madame von Geyersberg, came forward, and proclaimed himself Grand-Duke. On the 5th of September, 1856, Fried rich I., the present Grand-Duke, succeeded. In the German war of 1866 B. sided against Pru ia; but in 1870 it joined in the formation of the new German empire. Ba'den, or, as it is commonly called, BADEN-BADEN, to distinguish it from the watering place of the same name near Vienna, a town of the above Grand-duchy, and famous for its hot baths, is romantically situated in the Middle Rhine Circle, 18 m. S.S.W. of Carlsruhe. It was formerly the constant residence of the sovereigns of Baden, and the Grand-duke still usually pa es the summer in a villa here. The mineral springs were well-known to the Romans, who planted a colony here, and gave it the name of Civitas Aurelia Aquensis. The springs, 20 in number, burst out of the rocks at the foot of the castle terrace. The hottest temperature of them is 54° Reaumur; the coldest, 37°. A handsome building, in the form of a temple, is erected over the Ursprung , as the principal spring is called. The water is conveyed by pipes to the various hotels, in which there are numerous baths, very luxuriously appointed. B. B. is one of the most beautifully situated of the German "spas," surpa ing even, in this respect, the Brunnens of Na au. The surrounding country is distinguished by a pleasing and romantic wildne , and is, as it were, a prelude to the Alps. July and Aug. are the season when the baths are most frequented; but visitors, to the annual number of from 12,000 to 20,000, come and go from May to Oct. Among the handsome buildings here, the Conversations - Haus is conspicuous. Formerly, this place had great notoriety as being a focus for gambling on the largest scale, but since 1872, the public gaming-tables have been suppre ed by legal enactment. Pop . (1895), 13,884. DESC. In surface it is exceedingly varied; the E. half of the Lake Circle from the Rhine to the Würtemberg frontier is entirely occupied by a mountainous tract extending from S. to N., under the denominations of the Schwarz wald , or "Black Forest," and Odenwald; while the western half, extending from the fall of these mountains to the Rhine, is partly an undulating, but mostly a level country.- Mountains . The Schwarzwald-of gnei and granite formation-whose highest summit is the Feldberg, 4,675 feet above sea-level, is a range extending from the Rhine through B. into Wurtemberg, and presents a series of plateaux, covered with extensive forests, embosomed in which are found villages at an elevation of 4000 feet. The Odenwald is a granitic ma whose main elevation is the Katzenbuckel, 2,180 feet in height, and lies in B .; but the greater part of the chain belongs to the Grand Duchy of He e. Like the Schwarzwald, these heights fall steeply towards the Rhine, and along the foot of the range the Bergstra e, from Heidelberg to Frankfort, a road celebrated for picturesque scenery, has been carried. The other mountain-ranges, of le er extent and elevation, are the Kaiserstuhl, the Randen, and the Heil i gen berg.-Rivers. The principal are the Rhine, with its tributaries the Wiebach, the Wiesen, the Elz, the Kinzig, the Murg, and its chief affluent, the Neckar. The Maine and the Danube have their sources in this country. Lakes . Con stance, the Ilmen See, the Tittisee, the Mummelsee, .- Clim . The climate in the mountainous districts is very severe, the snow lying in some situations for the greater part of the year; but in the valleys of the Rhine, the Maine, and the Neckar, the temperature is mild and genial, permitting the culture of vines, chestnuts, and even almonds. The country is everywhere healthy.- Soil and Prod. The soil is generally highly fertile; corn is cultivated with great succe , and also tobacco, hemp, flax, and potatoes; vineyards abound, and between the vines, the choicest fruits, as the peach, apricot, walnut, plum, and cherry, are produced. The forests send annually large quantities of excellent fir and oak timber down the Rhine. - Min . Mining is carried on with partial succe . Silver, copper, iron, manganese, salt, coal, alum, vitriol, and sulphur are the principal mineral productions. Upwards of 60 mineral springs are found in this Duchy. The thermal waters of Baden are those which are the best known and the most used for medicinal purposes. Religion . Two-thirds of the population of Baden are Roman Catholics, and one-third Protestants composed of several denominations. The ecclesiastical affairs of the Roman Catholic Church are under the supreme control of the Archbishop of Freiburg, who is appointed by the Pope, and quite independent of the Grand-Ducal government. Frequent disputes and conflicts between Rome and the Badish ministry have been the result of this anomalous position. The management of the Luther an Church is under a council of 7 persons, called the Oberkirchenrath , which is nom i- Baden, in Pennsylvania , a post-village of Beaver co., on nated by the Grand-Duke. Education is compulsory, and Ba'den, often called BADEN BEI WIEN (Baden near Vi- enna), a town and celebrated "spa" of Lower Austria, on an affluent of the Danube, 15 m. S. S.W. of Vienna. In the summer it is usually frequented by you sands of visitors, among whom are generally the emperor and other members of the imperial family. The baths were known to the Romans as Aquæ Cotice. The waters, ac- cording to the analysis of Volta, contain sulphate and muriate of soda, sulphate and carbonate of lime and magnesia, sulphate of alumina, and considerable quant i- ties of carbonic and hydrosulphuric acid gases. Their temperature varies from 92° to 97° Fahr.- B. po e es many fine buildings, and is generally a beautiful and at- tractive spot. Ba'den, a walled town of Switzerland, cant. Aargau, on the left bank of the Limmat, 15 m. N.E. of Aarau. It is celebrated for its hot baths, known to the Romans under the name of Thermæ Helvetica . The water in the hottest of them has a temperature of 37° Reaumur. Pop . 3,476. Ba'den, in Iowa , a post-office of Keokuk co. Ba'den, in Mi ouri , a post-office of St. Louis co. the Ohio river, 21 m. N.W. of Pittsburg. parents are constrained by strictly enforced penalties to Ba'den-Baden, in Illinois, a post-office of Bond co. send their children to school. It is prohibited also to employ children in factories, until they have completed their 11th year. The former has a library of 1.0,000 ol, the latter one of 100,000. The University Heidelberr has a faculty for Luther an, and Freiburg one for Roman Catholic theological students. -Agric . As the chief wealth of the State springs from agriculture, barley, maize, wheat, potatoes, flax, hemp, and tobacco are cultivated to a considerable extent, and vast numbers of sheep and cattle are reared. The wines of Kingenberger and Werth heimer are much admired.- Manf . Ribbon-weaving, straw plait, wooden ornaments, paper, clocks, watches, organs, and musical boxes.-Gov. The constitution of B. vests the executive power in the Grand-Duke, and the legislative authority in a House of Parliament, consisting of two Chambers, which have to be called together at least Badge, ( badj ,) n. [A. S. beag , a garland, a necklace; Fr. bague , a ring.] ( Her .) A cognizance or mark of distinction, a umed or conferred by a state or sovereign. To the latter cla belong the various insignia of the orders of knighthood of European countries, conferred by their respective monarchs, and all emblems of honorable distinction, such as medals, ribbons, and cro es, given by a state for military prowe , or services rendered to the state by a person eminent in a civil capacity. Under the former cla may be reckoned the different crests and distinctive bearings a umed by nations, tribes, and families, in early and med iæval history. ("Sweet mercy is nobility's true badge ."-Shaks.) - The earliest mention of heraldic badges is to be found in the Bible, in which each of the twelve tribes of the children of Israel are spoken of under their re spective cognizances; such as the lion of Judah, the wolf of Benjamin, and the serpent of Dan. The eagle was the badge of the empire of Rome, and in modern times the regal bird has been adopted by imperial dynasties, and also by our republic, as their distinctive emblem. -The white horse, now borne in the royal arms of Hanover, was the badge of the Saxons; the raven, that of the North men and Danes. The white rose was the badge of the House of York; the red rose , that of the rival House of Lancaster. The badge of England is a red and white rose, with the royal crown; that of Scotland, a thistle and crown ; that of Ireland, a harp and shamrock, along with the crown. The serving-men belonging to noble houses usually wore their master's crest or badge embroidered on the left arm of the blue jerkin or body-coat, that was commonly worn in former days instead of the part i colored liveries of modern times. ( Law .) A mark or sign, worn on the dre of some persons, or placed upon certain things, for the purpose of designation. Some public officers, as watchmen, policemen, and the like, are required to wear badges , that they may be readily known. It is used figuratively when we say, po e ion of personal property by the seller is a badge of fraud.