myoscope (mioskop)

[ With the aid of an apparatus which he terms the myo scope, M. F. Laulanié has studied the contraction phenomena of muscles retained in their normal environment and connections. Jour. of Roy. Micros. Soc., 2d ser., VI. 1. 47. The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: The Century dictionary IMG:content-1168.png:[blocks in formation] My ria canthus (mir"i-a-kanthus), n. [NL., Myriapod a Gr. μυριος, numberle , + ἄκανθα , thorn, spine.] A genus of rays founded by Aga iz in 1837. They abounded in the Lias. occur under two well-defined types, forming two orders- the Chilognatha or Diplopod a , millepeds or gally-worms, and the Chilopod a or Syngnatha , centipeds. See cuts un- der centiped , milleped , cephalic , basilar , and myriapod . [ peculiar constituent of muscle, myosin, it is to be con- cluded that the interseptal substance is chiefly composed of myosin . Huxley , Crayfish, p. 186. [NL., μύειν , close, Abnormal contraction of myositic (mi-ō-sit'ik), a . [ -it- ) +-ic.] In med . , pertaining to myosis; causing contraction of the pupil: said of certain med i- cines, as opium. IMG:content-1169.png:[blocks in formation] a number of ten you sand, μυρίος , numl numberle , my myriapodous (mir-i-apo-dus), a. [ myriapod countle ; as a def. numeral, μύριοι, pl., ten you sand.] I. n. 1. The number of ten thou- sand. Thou seest, brother, how many you sands, or rather how many myriads , that is, ten you sands, of the Jews there are which believe. Bp . Pearson , Expos. of Creed, ii. 2. An indefinitely great number. But, O, how fallen! how changed From him, who in the happy realms of light, Clothed with transcendent brightne , didst outshine Myriads, though bright! Milton , P. L., i. 87. Tho' world on world in myriad myriads roll Round us, each with different powers. Tennyson, Death of Wellington, ix. II. a. Numberle ; innumerable; multitu- dino us; manifold. Then of the crowd ye took no more account Than of the myriad cricket of the mead, When its own voice clings to each blade of gra , And every voice is nothing. myriad-minded (mir'i-ad-minded), a. Of vast intellect or great versatility of mind. Our myriad - minded Shakspere. Cole ridge , Biog. Lit., xv. My ria glo a (mir"i-a-glos'ä), n . pl . [NL., prop. * My rio glo a , μυριός , numberle , + γλῶσσα, tongue: see glo 2 .] Those mollusks whose admedian (lateral) teeth are indefinite in num- ber (forty to fifty), and which have a median tooth. Encyc. Brit., XVI. 641. myriagram, my ria gramme (mir'i-a-gram), n. [F. my ria gramme , prop. * my rio gramme , my ria liter, my ria litre (mir'i-a-lē"ter), n. [= Pg . myriolitro = It. mirialitro , my ria litre , prop . * my rio litre , litre , liter: see liter2 .] A measure of capa- city, containing 10,000 liters, or one decastere, equal to 2,642 United States gallons. my ria meter, my ria metre (mir'i-a-meter), n . [= Pg. my ria metro = It. miri a metro , myriomètre , mètre , meter: see meter3 .] In the metric system , a measure of length, equal to 10 kilometers, or 6.2137 English miles, or 6 miles 376 yards. myrianide (mir'i-a-nid), n. [ Myrianida (see def.), μυρίος , numberle .] A marine worm of the family Syllida , Myrianida pinni- ger a, with the head rounded in front, three clavate antennæ, and the segments white trans- versely marked with yellow. It is a littoral European species, about 14 inches long, re- mark able for its reproduction. The Myrianide discloses a.. wonderful history, for of this beautiful worm the posterior half becomes self-di- vided into as many as six parts, each of them acquiring the cephalic appendages of the original before they take + -ous .] Same as myriapod . myriarch (mir'i-ärk), n. [ μυριάρχης , μυρί- αρχος , commander of ten you sand men, μύριοι , ten you sand, + ἀρχός , ruler, ἄρχειν , rule.] Α commander of ten you sand men. myriare (mir'i-ar), n. [= Pg . myriare , μύριοι , ten you sand, + F. are , are: see are2 .] A land-measure of 10,000 ares, or 1,000,000 square meters, equal to 247.105 worm wanders about with a concatenated train behind of six big-bellied mothers. ley, 1836), Myrica + -aceæ .] An order of dicotyledonous apetalous plants of the series Unisexuales , consisting of the genus Myrica . n. Same as opod , myriapode , myriopode , myriopus ( -pod- ), μυριόπους , having ten you sand feet, πούς (ποδ-) = E. foot .] I. a. Having very numerous legs; specifically, pertaining to the of * myriopus : see myriapod .] A cla of ar- ticulate animals of the subkingdom Arthropod a ; the centipeds and millepeds. They have a long worm-like body of cylindric or flattened form, composed of from 10 more than 200 rings or segments, scarcely or not at all differentiated into thorax and abdomen; a dis- tinct head; and one or two pairs of legs to each somite of the body. There is a pair of antennæ, and the jaws are myricin, myricine (mi-rī'sin), n. [ Myrica + -in2, -ine2.] One of the substances of which wax is composed. Myricin is the matter left undi olved when wax is boiled with alcohol. It constitutes from 20 to 30 per cent. of the weight of beeswax, and is a grayish- white solid, a palmitate of meli yl. myricyl (mi-rī'sil), n. [ Myrica + -yl.] Same as meli yl . myriet, a. A Middle English form of merry1 . Myrina (mi-rī'nä), n . pl . [NL., μαρίνος , as if mar in us ), a sea-fish. Cf. Muræna .] In Günther's system, a group of Murænidæ platys chi ste . They have gill-openings separated by an interspace, nostrils labial, tongue not free, and end of tail surrounded by the fin. The genus contains about 14 tropical or subtropical eels. Myrinæ (mi-rī'nē), n . pl . [NL., Myrus + -inæ.] A subfamily of Ophichthyida , having the tail surrounded by a fin as is usual in eels: con- trasted with Ophichthyinæ. pores or spiracles along the sides of the body. Reproduc- tion is oviparous or ovoviviparous, and the sexes are my rio lep i dine (miri-o-lep'i-din), a . and n. a. Of or pertaining to the My rio lepid inæ , or having their characters. ments, a single ovary-cell and ovule, and alter- nate leaves. About 80 species are known, mainly in tropical Asia and America. They are aromatic trees, with small white or yellow flowers, the leaves often pellucid- closing an arillode, usually colored, which incloses the hard seed. M. fragrans (M. moschata ) is the nutmeg-tree, a bushy evergreen, 40 or 50 feet high, native in the eastern Moluc- cas, cultivated in the Malay peninsula and islands, Penang, etc. See mace2 and nutmeg . For other species, see becuiba- 2. [l. c.] In phar ., the kernel of the seed of Myristic a fragrans. It is aromatic and some- what narcotic. See cut un- der arillode .-3. In zoöl . , a genus of gastropods. Swain- Myristic aceæ (mi-ris-ti- kā sē-ē), n. pl. [NL. (Lindley, 1835), Myris- tic a + -aceæ.] Myristiceæ . Myristiceæ (mir-is-tis'ē-ē), n. pl. [NL. (Endlicher, 1836), Myristic a + -eæ .] A natural order of dicoty- ledonous apetalous plants of the series Micrembryea , consisting of the genus My- Myristic a melongena. ristica. Myristic i vor a (mi-ris-ti-siv'ō-rä), n. [NL.: see myristicivorous.] A genus of fruit-pigeons of the subfamily Car pop hag inæ , having the tail short and the plumage black and white; the Myriophyllum (miri-ō-fil'um), n. [NL. (Vail- lant, 1719) (L. myriophyllon ), my rio phyllo us . Cf. milfoil .] A genus of dicotyledonous plants, the water-milfoil, belonging to the polypeta- lous order Halorageæ , characterized by an ovary with two or four deep furrows. About 15 species are known, growing submerged in fresh water throughout nutmeg-pigeons. IMG:content-1170.jpg:[blocks in formation] myristicivorous (mi-ris-ti-siv'ō-rus), a. [ ( NL. Myristic a + L. vorare, devour.] Devour- myrmecophilous (mėr-me-kof'i-lus), a . [ μυρμηκ- ), ant, + φί- ing or habitually feeding upon nutmegs. myristin (mi-ris'tin), n. [ myrist ( ic) + in2.] The crystalline constituent of oil of nutmeg: a glyceride of myristic acid. myrkt, a., n., and v. A Middle English form of IMG:content-1171.jpg:[graphic] myrmecobe (mer'mē-kōb), n. An animal of the genus Myrmecobius . Myrmecobiidæ (mėrmē kō-bi'i-dē), n. pl. [NL., Myrmecobius + -ida.] The myrme- cobes regarded as a family. Myrmecobiinæ (mèr-me-kō-bi-īnē), n. pl . [NL., Myrmecobius + -inæ .] A subfamily of Dasyurida, sometimes elevated to rank as a family Myrmecobiida , containing the single ge- nus Myrmecobius , and distinguished from Dasy- myrmecobiine (mėr-mē-kōʻbi-in), a . and n. I. a. Pertaining to the Myrmecobiida , or having their characters. II. n. A member of the Myrmecobiida. Myrmecobius (mér-me-kō'bi-us), n. Gr. μύρμηξ ( μυρμηκ- ), an ant, + βίος , life.] 1. Age- nus of insectivorous marsupials, typical of the subfamily Myrmecobiina . The tongue is protrusile and vermiform, as in other ant-eaters. The teeth are more numerous than in any other extant mammalian quadruped. M. fasci at us , of Australia, is about the size of a squirrel, of a chestnut-red color, the back fasciate with white bands on a dark ground. The animal lives on the ground, feeds on ants, and is known by the name of ant -eater. 2. In entom ., a genus of dermestid beetles, erect- ed by Lucas in 1846. The only species is M. agilis , an active little black beetle, one twelfth of an inch long, found in ants' nests in Algeria. Myrmecoleon (mér-mē-kōʻlē-on), n. [NL., μυρμηκόλεων , 'ant-lion,' μύρμηξ ( μυρμηκ- ), ant, + λέων, lion.] See Myrmeleon . myrmecological (mėrmē kō-loj'i-kal), a. [ myrmecolog -y + -ical .] Of or relating to ants. Myrmecological studies. myrmecology (mer-mē-kol'ō-ji), n. [ λέγειν , speak: see -ology .] That branch of entomology which treats of ants. Myrmecophaga (mér-me-kof'a-ga), n . [NL., fem. of myrmecophagus : see myrmecophagous .] 1. The typical genus of ant-eaters of the family Myrmecophagida. M. jubata is the great or maned ant-eater or ant-bear of South America. See cuts under ant - bear , Edentata , and xenar- thral .-2. In ornith . , a genus of ant-birds: same as Form i car i us . myrmecophage (mer'mē-kō-fāj), n. An ant- eater of the genus Myrmecophaga . Myrmecophagidæ (mér mē-kō-faj'i-dē), n. pl . [ NL ., Myrmecophaga + -ida .] A South Amer- ican family of vermilinguate edentate quadru- peds, typified by the genus Myrmecophaga , and alone representing the suborder Vermil in gui a of the order Edentata or Bruta ; the ant-eaters or ant-bears. They are entirely toothle , with tubular IMG:content-1172.jpg:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-1173.png:[graphic] IMG:content-1174.png:[blocks in formation] On account of their astringent pulp, these fruits were for merly in great repute as a remedy for diarrhea, etc., but they are now used only, unle in the East, for dyeing and tanning. The Indian or citrine myrobalan, also called hara - nut , is the product of T. citrin a , but the other kinds are also Indian. The so-called emblic myrobalans are from an unrelated tree, Phyllanthus Emblic a . See Phyllanthus , bell eric , hara - nut , ink - nut , and Terminal i a . There (and but there) growes the all-healing Balm, There ripes the rare cheer-cheek Myrobalan , Minde-gladding Fruit, that can vn-olde a Man. Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, ii., The Schisme. These barks lade out. Myrabolans drie and condite. Hakluyt's Voyages , II. 216. myrosin (mi'rō-sin), n. [ seeds of black mustard, and po ibly in horse- radish-root. By its action pota ium myronate is decomposed, forming pota ium sulphate, glucose, ucose, and oil of mustard. Myroxylon (mi-rok'si-lon), n . [NL. (C. Linnæus, filius, 1781), μύρον , a sweet juice from plants, + ξύλον , wood.] A genus of trees of the order Leguminosæ and the tribe Sophoreæ , dist in- guished by a one-seeded pod winged at the base and anthers longer than the filaments. About 6 species are known, all South American, having the leaves and whitish flowers much as in the related Myro- spermum. For species, see balsam of Peru , balsam of Tolu , and Brazilian balsam (all under balsam ), myrrh - seed, and quinquino. IMG:content-1175.png:[blocks in formation] Myrsinaceæ (mér-si-nā'sē-ē), n. pl . [NL. (Lindley, 1835), Myrsine + -aceæ .] Same as Myrsineæ. myrsinaceous (mér-si-nā'shius), a . Belong- ing to, resembling, or pertaining to the natural order Myrsineæ ( Myrsinacea ). Myrsine (mèr'si-nē), n. [NL. (Linnæus, 1737), Gr. μυρσίνη , a myrtle: see myrtle .] A genus of dicotyledonous gamopetalous shrubs and trees, type of the natural order Myrsineæ , known by its single seed immersed in the placenta, and its laterally clustered flowers. There are about 80 species, mainly in tropical Asia, Africa, and America, with small flowers, and smooth rigid leaves, usually evergreen. M. African a , widely distributed in Africa, is called African box or myrtle . M. melanophleos of the Cape of Good Hope has a tough close-grained wood used in wagon-work, and has been named Cape beech . M. læta of the West Indies is called black softwood ; it is one of the bully-trees. M. Rapanea of South America and the West Indies extends into Florida. Myrsineæ (mer-sin'ē-ē), n . pl . [NL. (Bentham and Hooker, 1876), Myrsine +-ea.] A natural order of trees and shrubs of the cohort Primu- lales , typified by the genus Myrsine , and char- acterized by its indehiscent fruit, one-celled ovary with free central placenta, and two or more ovules. About 500 species in 23 genera are known, all tropical. Both their usually white or pink flowers and their alternate leaves are filled with resinous glands. myrtt, n. [ME. mirt ; myrtus , myrtle: see myrtle.] Myrtle. The seed of mirt , if that thou maist it gete, Of birch, of yvy, crab be, and wild olyve, Myrtaceæ (mèr-tā sē-ē), n . pl . [NL. (R. Brown, 1814), an order of dicotyledonous trees and shrubs of the polypetalous cohort Myrtales , typified by the genus Myrtus , and known by the numer- ous stamens and leaves without stipules, gener- ally opposite, dotted, and with a marginal vein. There are about 1,800 species, of 76 genera and 4 tribes, and pervaded by a fragrant volatile oil: some are valuable natives of warm climates, usually with racemed flowers as spices, as myrtle, clove, pimento; others for edible fruit, as the guava, jamrosade, monkey-pot, and Brazil-nut; others for timber, as the gum-trees ( Eucalyptus ) of Aus- tralia and the iron-trees ( Metros i deros ) of Java. myrtaceous (mer-tā'shius), a. [ ceus , of myrtle, myrtus , myrtle: see myrtle .] In bot . , of, resembling, or pertaining to the nat- ural order Myrtacea . Myrtales (měr-tā lēz), n . pl . [NL. (Lindley, 1833), Myrtus , q. v.] A cohort of the polypeta- lous series Calyciflora , known by its undivided style and two or more ovules in each cell of the Mat. ii. Il. ovary, which is united to the calyx, or included in it. It comprises 6 orders, of which Myrtaceæ is the chief and Onagrarieæ the best-represented in the United myrrhine (mėr'in), a . See murrine . Myrrhis (mir'is), n. [NL. (Scopoli, 1760), μυρρίς , a plant, sweet cicely, μύρρα , myrrh: see myrrh .] A genus of dicotyledonous plants of the order Umbelliferæ and the tribe Ammineæ , known by its long- beaked narrow fruit, almost winged, furrowed seed, and obscure oil-tubes. M. odorata , the sweet cicely or sweet chervil of Europe, the Caucasus, and South America, is a long-cultivated graceful plant with white flowers in compound umbels, finely divided leaves, and pleasant-flavored roots and stems. The only other species (perhaps better Glycosoma ), found in Ore- Myrteæ (mėr'tē-ē), n . pl . [NL. (A. L. de Jus- sieu, 1825), Myrtus +-eæ.] A tribe of shrubs and trees of the order Myrtaceæ , typified by the genus Myrtus , and characterized by an ovary of two or more cells, the fruit an indehiscent berry or drupe, and the leaves opposite and dot- ted. It includes 18 genera, among them Eugenia (clove, etc.) and Psidium (guava). myrtiform (mer'ti-fôrm), a . [= F. myrtiforme = Sp. mirtiforme = Pg. myrtiforme = It. mirti- forme , L.myrtus , myrtle, + form a , form.] Re- sembling myrtle or myrtle-berries. - Myrtiform fo a. See fo al . myrtle (mer'tl), n . [Formerly mirtle , mirtil ; mirtil , mirtille , myrtille , a myrtle-berry, also the le er kind of myrtle (= Pg. myrtillo = It. mirtillo ), dim. of myrte , murte , F. myrte , Sp. mir to = Pg. myrto = It. mir to (= ME. mirt : see myrt ), myrtus , murtus , myrta , murta , μύρτος (also μυρσίνη , μυρρίνη ) , mūrd , the myrtle.] 1. A plant of the genus Myrtus , primarily M. communis , the cla ic and favorite common myrtle. It is a bush or small tree with shin- ing evergreen leaves and fragrant white flowers, common in the Mediterranean region. In ancient times it was sa- cred to Venus, and its leaves formed wreaths for bloodle victors; it was also a symbol of civil authority. It is used in modern times for bridal wreaths. The plant is an un- important astringent. Its aromatic berries have been used to flavor wine and in cookery. Its flowers, as also its leaves, afford perfumes, the latter used in sachets, etc. Its hard mottled wood is prized in turnery. M. Lumal and M. Meli IMG:content-1176.png:[blocks in formation] mon periwinkle. S.]-Sand-myrtle, a smooth, dwarf shrub, Leiophyllum buxifolium of the Ericaceæ , found in the eastern United States. - Tasmania myrtle. See Fa- gus . -Wax-myrtle, Myrica cerifera. myrtle-berry (mer'tl-ber"i), n. myself (mi-self'), pron . [ selfe , my selve , me selve , my - selven , min selfes , dat. me selfum , acc. me selfne , nom. ic self a ; being the pron. ic, me , with the adj. self in agreement: see mel and self . Cf. him- self .] An emphatic or reflexive form of the first personal pronoun I or me , either nominative or (as originally) objective. In the nominative it is always used for emphasis, in apposition with I or alone; in the objective it is either reflexive or emphatic, being, when emphatic, usually in apposition with me . Compare himself , herself , etc. He is my lege man lelly thou knowes, For holly the londes that he has he holdes of mi - selue . William of Palerne (E. E. T. S.), l. 1175. I had as lief not be as live to be In awe of such a thing as I myself . Which way I fly is hell; myself am hell. Milton , P. L., iv. 75. Myself will mount the rostrum in his favour, And strive to gain his pardon. Add is on , Cato, ii. 2. God moves in a mysterious way His wonders to perform; myself The fact is, I was a trifle beside myself - or rather, out of myself, as the French would say. Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre, ii. myselvent, pron . A Middle English variant of myself . Mysidæ (mis'i-dē), n. pl. [NL.,