Gottschall

Rudolf von, a German critic; born in Breslau, Sept. 30, 1828. Besides his critical studies he produced brilliant plays, stories, etc. —, Johann Chris toph, a “man critic and author; an important figure in the history of German literature; born in Judithenkirch, near Konigsberg, Pru ia, Feb. 2, 1700. Between 1:29 and_1740 Gottsched exercised a sort of Johnson i an dictatorsh‘p in the world of polite literature in Germany. His chief endeavors were | directed to the reformation of the German drama. He died in 1766. | Gough, Hugh Gough, Viscount, an Engiish military officer; born in Woods town, Limerick, Ireland, Nov. 3, 1779. In 1837 he went to India as Major-General, and in the following year was made commander-in-chief of the forces sent against China. After etorming Canton and forcing the pasgage of the Yang-tsze-Kiang, he commeee the Chinese to sign the treaty of anking (1842). On the outbreak of the Sikh war in 1845 he worsted the enemy in the brilliant battles of Mudki, Firozshah, and Sobraon, ror which be was given a peerage. In 1848 the Sikhs renewed the war, but were again defeated by Gough at Ramnagar, Chilli an wall a, and Gujerat, victories which resulted in the annexation of the Punjab to British India. Gough was in 1849 created a viscount, and about the same time returned to England. He was made field-marshal in 1862, and died near Dublin, March 2, 1869.,, Gough, John Bartholomew, an American temperance lecturer; born in oe Kent, England, Aug. 22, 1817. is father was a pensioner of the Peninsular war, his mother a vil- Jage schoolmistre , At the age of 12 he was sent to America, and worked on a farm in Oneida co., New York. In 1831 he went to New York city, where he found employment in the binding department of the Methodist book establishment; but habits of di ipation lost him this employment, and reduced him to that of giving recitae tions and singing comic songs at low grog shops, He was married in 1839; but his drunken habits reduced him to poverty and delirium tremens, and probably caused the death of his wife and child, In 1842 a benevolent Quaker induced him to attend a tempers ance meeting and take the pledge; and soon afterward, resolving to devote the remainder of his life to the cause of temperance, Gough attended temperance meetings and related his experience with such effect as to influence many otbers. A few months later he had a short relapse into drunkenne ; but an eloquent confe ion restored him to favor, and he lectured with great pathos, humor, atid earnestne in various parts of America. In 1853 he was engaged by the London Temperance League, and lectured for two years in the United Kingdom, where he attracted large crowds to his meetings. He was again in England in 1857-1860 and 1878. In some of his later addre es he took up literary and social topics, and acquired a moderate fortune by his lectures. He died in Frank ford, Pa., Feb. 18, 1886.