QUININE

n. Kwi"n'en. Lat., quinina [U. S. Ph., Fr. Cod., Belg. Ph.], quinia [Br. Ph., 1867], chininum [Ger. Ph. (Isted.), Austr. Ph., Gr. Ph.. Swi Ph., Hung. Ph., Netherl. Ph., Ru . Ph., Swed. Ph.], chinina [Roum. Ph., Swed. Ph.]. Fr., q., q. hydratee [Fr. Cod.]. Ger., Chinin. It., chinina. Sp., quinina [Sp. Ph.]. An alkaloid, C20H24N2O2, obtained from various species of cinchona, occurring as a flaky white powder consisting of small crystals containing three molecules of water, or amorphous and anhydrous. It has no odor, but a very bitter taste, has an alkaline reaction, is soluble in 1,600 parts of cold water or 6 of alcohol at 15 C. in 700 of boiling water or 2 of boiling alcohol, and melts in crystalline form at 57 C. and in anhydrous form at 177 C. [D. S. Ph.]. Other ph's give q. a much greater solubility in water. Q. and its salts are distinguished from all other alkaloids except quinidine and quinicine by the emerald-green color given to their solution by treatment with a chlorine solution followed by ammonia. It is used in malarial fever, in malarial neuralgia, as a tonic, and as an antipyretic. [B, 5, 95 (a, 38); a, 34.] Alcoole de sulfate de q. (Fr.). See Teinture de sulfate de q. Amorphous q. Lat., chininum am.prphum (seu crudum). An alcoholic extract prepared from calisaya-bark or other similar bark, previously powdered and mixed with half its weight of calcium hydrate. [B, 95 (a, 38).] Cf. QUINO I DINE. Beta-q. See QUINIDINE (3d def ). Brown q. Lat., chininum fuscum. A preparation made by extracting calisaya-bark with water and a little hydrochloric acid, precipitating with sodium carbonate, exhausting the precipitate with strong alcohol, filtering, distilling off the alcohol, drying, and powdering. [B, 95 (a, 38).] Carbolated q. sulphate. A substance, (C2oH24N5O2)2.SO3.CBH6O + 2H2O, occurring as acicular crystals containing 75'5 percent, of q. [B. 81 (a, 381.] Eau de q. (Fr.). A mixture of 100 parts of rum, 10 of cologne-water, 10 of castor-oil, 10 of tincture of red cinchona, 3 of balsam of Peru, and 50 of water. ["Am. Jour, of O, no; O", not; O3, whole; Th, thin; Th", the; U, like oo in [s. 373]