fractionation (frakshonashon)

[ The i so hexane was obtained by fractionation from Amer. Chem. Jour., VIII. 6. gasoline. IMG:content-1784.png:[blocks in formation] Likewise if any bones or limbs be broken, cerot made with the seed of rue and wax together is able to souder the fracture. Holland , tr. of Pliny, xx. 13. 2. A broken surface, with reference to texture or configuration, or to manner of breaking; specifically, in mineral., the characteristic breakage of a substance, or appearance presented on a surface other than that of cleavage: as, a compact fracture; a fibrous fracture; foliated, striated, or conchoidal fracture, etc. Fracture, taste, color, polarization, electrical properties, ties of minerals. and transparency are among the least decisive peculiar i Amer . Cyc ., XI. 586. 3. Forcible separation or disunion; quarreling. [Rare.] Let the sick man set his house in order before he die, reconcile the fractures of his family, reunite brethren, cause right understandings. ... Jer. Taylor, Holy Dying, iv. 9. Colles's fracture, fracture of the lower end of the radius of the forearm. - Greenstick fracture, a partial fracture of a young bone. - Pott's fracture, fracture of the lower end of the fibula with dislocation at the astragalotibial articulation. = Syn. Fracture, Rupture, Breach. Frac ture of something hard, as a bone, gla , rocks; rupture of something soft, as a blood-ve el, the skin; breach, a bad break of any kind: as, the cannon made a breach in the wall. Fracture is rarely used figuratively; the others often are. A bone may be broken at the part where it is struck, or it may break in consequence of a strain applied to it. In the former case the fracture is generally transverse, and in the latter more or le oblique in direction. Encyc. Brit ., XXII. 681. The egg that soon Bursting with kindly rupture forth disclosed Their callow young. Milton , P. L., vii. 419. Disburden'd heaven rejoiced, and soon repair'd Her mural breach . Milton , P. L., vi. 879. fracture (frak'tūr), v.; pret. and pp. fractured, ppr. fracturing. [ Loud the northern main Howls through the fractur'd Caledonian isles. Thomson, Britannia. =Syn. Cleave, Split , etc. See rend , and fracture, n. II. in trans. To break; undergo fracture. The implements of the Trenton gravels are of sandstone chiefly, those of the upper Mi i ippi are of quartzite, neither of which fractures properly when subjected to IMG:content-1785.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-1786.png:[blocks in formation] Wrote a fractionlet of verse entitled "The Beetle." Carlyle, in Froude, II. 16. fractious (frak's hus), a. [Appar. an alteration (simulating fraction, fracture, etc.) of * fratchous (cf. fratched, restive, vicious, applied to a horse), The leading animals became fractious , and we were obliged to stop every few minutes, until their paroxysms subsided. B. Taylor , Northern Travel, p. 144. Men struggling doubtfully with fractious cows and frightened sheep. L. Wallace, Ben-Hur, p. 46. 4. In math .: (a) In arith . , a part, or a number of aliquot parts, of unity. Unity is regarded as di- vided into equal parts, and one or more of these parts as taken to constitute the fraction. The number of parts manner. tor, and the number of these parts taken the numerator. The denominator is commonly written below, and the numerator above, a horizontal or diagonal line: thus,,, 6. Fractions written in this form are called common or vulgar fractions. (See decimal.) A proper fraction is one whose numerator is le than its denominator; an im proper fraction, one whose numerator is greater than its denominator: as, &, V. A simple fraction expre es the ratio between two whole numbers: as,; a compound or complex fraction expre es the ratio between fractions (or mixed numbers), or between a fraction (or mixed number) and a whole number: as, 24+ 1+7 Compound or complex fractions can always be reduced to simple fractions. A compound fraction is also defined as a fraction of a fraction. A fraction is said to be reduced to its lowest terms when the numerator and denominator contain no common factor. The fraction which denotes the ratio of the map to the true area is sometimes termed the representative fraction . Huxley , Physiography, p. 11. of being fractious; a fractious or snappish temper. fractuosity (frak-tu-os'i-ti), n. [L. fractus, broken (see fracted ), + -osity, appar. after an fractuosity.] The state of being fractured; superficial fracture. This defect is remedied by replating, which reincorporates and making and reunites the ware the bright surface, and correcting new. all fractuosity , Sci. Amer., N. S., LVIII. 17.