Manning, His Eminence Henry Edward

Cardinal, D.D. (Rome, Italy, 1854), Roman Catholic; b. at Totteridge, Hertfordshire, Eng., July 15, 1808; educated at Harrow and atBalliol College, Oxford; graduated B. A. (first-cla in cla ics), 1830, and was elected fellow of Merton College, and for some time a select preacher to the university. In 1834 he became rector of Laving ton and Graffham, Su ex, and married. In 1840 he was appointed archdeacon of Chi chester. He was a leader in the so called " Oxford movement," and in 1851 resigned his ecclesiastical preferments. On April 20, 1851, entered the Roman-Catholic Church, and (his wife having died some time previously), a little later, the priesthood. He then repaired' to Rome, where he studied theology until 1854, when he received the degree of D.D. Returning to England, he entered upon a career of great activity. In 1857 he founded at Bays water a congregation of the " Oblates of St. Charles Borromeo," and became its first superior; summoned Zion Sisters from Paris to teach the girls' schools; erected a protectory; founded a Roman-Catholic university at Kensington (Oct. 15, 1874), and in other ways greatly increased the influence of his Church. In recognition of his eminent services, Pius IX. appointed him succe ively provost of the Roman- Catholic archdiocese of Westminster (1857), prothonotary apostolic and his domestic prelate (1860), archbishop of Westminster (consecrated June 8, 1865), and cardinal priest, with the title of SS. Andrew and Gregory on the Ccelian PI ill, March 15, 1875; received his hat in a consistory held at the Vatican, Dec. 31, 1877. Cardinal Manning sat in the Vatican Council, 1869-70. Of his publications may be mentioned, The Grounds of Faith, London, 1852; Temporal Sovereignty of the Popes, 1860; The Present Crisis of the Holy See tested by Prophecy, 1861; The Temporal Power of the Vicar of Jesus Christ, 1862, 2d ed. 1862; Sermons on Ecclesiastical Subjects, 1863-73, 3 vols.; The Temporal Mi ion of the Holy Ghost, 1865, 3d ed. 1877; The Vatican Council and its Definitions, 1870; The Four Great Evils of the Day, 1871, 2d ed. 1871 Cozsarism and Ultramontanism, 1874; The Internal Mi ion of the Holy Ghost, 1875; Vatican Decrees in their Bearing on Civil Allegiance, 1875; True Story of the Vatican Council, 1877; Miscellanies, 1877, 2 vols.; The Catholic Church ami Modern Society, 1880; The Eternal Priesthood, 1883. See W. S. Lilly's Cardinal Manning's Characteristics, Political, Philosophical, a.nd Religious, 1885. *