APHASIA

(Lat.),n.f. A?f(aSf)-a(a3)zi?(si?)-a3, Gr., dpagia (from a priv.,and $dvat, to speak), Fr., aphasie. Ger., Aphasie. It., Be Sp., afdsia. 1. As used by Sauvages and others, any impairment of the power of speech. 2. As used by Trou eau, an abolition or impairment of the power of articulate speech, and often that of writing, although the power of thought, the faculty of expre ion, the voice, the hearing, and the voluntary contractions of the laryngeal and facial muscles may remain unimpaired. It has been thought to depend on a lesion of the third frontal convolution of the brain, generally on the left side. It may be limited to an inability to utter a particular word, for which some aeEe Repos tal word (always the same) is substituted. [A, 385.] 3. In a wider sense, ‘“a diminution or perversion of the normal faculty of exprea the ideas by means of conventional signs, or of understanding those signs, notwithstanding the integrity of the nervons and muscular apparatus serving for the expre ion and perception of those signs, and the non-involvement of the intellect.” |A, 390.] Cf. AGRAPHIA, ALALIA, AMIMIA, APHEMIA, APHRASIA, and ASEMASIA. —A mnemonic a., Amnesic a., Amnestic a. Lat., a. a mnemonic a (seu amnesic a, seu amnestic a), Fr., aphasie amnestique. Ger., am nest is che Aphasie, Erinnerungsaphasie. It., afasia a mnemonic a. A. dependent on impairment of the memory; a deficiency or suepengen of the power to recall a word which one desires to use. To a certain extent, it occurs in healthy persons, but an exaeeeried form is due to lesion of the brain substance, probably in the convolutions surrounding the lower end of the fi ure of Sylvius and in the island of Reil. [W. Ogle, “St. George’s Hosp. Rep.,” ii (K); D, 27.]—A neural a. Ataxic a.—A. a mnemonic a, A. amnesic a, A. amnestic a. See Amnestic a.—A. a ociator i a, A. atactic a, A. motor i a. See Ataric a.—A. partial is. A. limited to a certain number of expre ions. _ [R. Arndt (D, 18).J—A. sensoria. See Sensory a.—A. universal is. Ccmplete a., in which the patient can not speak a single word, [R. Arndt (M, 1),J—Ataxic a. [Ku maul.] Lat., a, atactic a. Fr., aphasie ataxique (ou logoplégique). r. ataktische Aphasie. it., afasia atactic a. Syn.: aphemia [Broca], tegoplegia Magnan), motor a. A. dependent on impairment or lo of the power of co-ordinating the muscles of phonation so as to articulate certain words, unaccompanied by paralysis, insanity, or lo of the power of Cone, hending, reading, and writing the words. [A, 314, 390; D, 27.]— Broca’s a. See Ataxi ‘Commi ural a., Conduction’ a. Fr., aphasie de conductibilité. Ger., Leitungsaphasie {Wemicke}. A. dependent not on disease of the cerebral centres, but on impairment or destruction of the commi ural fibres which connect them; words can be read or repeated correctly, but are not connected by the patient with the corresponding idea. [A, 390; Wernicke (K).|—Functional a, A. not dependent on a manifest cerebral lesion, but occurring ‘as a congenital defect, in severe constitutional diseases, or as the result of emotional excitement in hysterical ersons. [M, 66.] Cf. Transitory a.—Insular a. A, due to a lesion strictly confined to the island of Reil. [‘ Brain,” Jan., 1885, p. 476 (K).j—Lethological a. See Amnestic a._Motor a.’ Lat. a, motor i a. Fr., aphasie motrice. Ger., motor is che Aphasie. See Ataxic a.—Sensory a. Lat., a. sensoria. Fr., aphémie auditive. Ger., sensor is che (oder sinnliche) Aphasie. It., afasia sensor i ale (0 di sensorio). Sp., afdsia del sensério. See Amnestic a. and Word- DEAFNESS.—Transitory a. Fr., aphasie pa agére. A form observed by Henoch in children after the immoderate use of fruit. [‘* Rev. mens. des mal. de l’enfance,” July, 1884 Oem a a. Fr., aphasie traumatique. A. due to injury of the head. [Braca, * Bull, de la soc..,” 1866, p. 396 oe