Cardia

[Gr. kardia.] ( Anat.) The superior or œsophagal orifice of the stomach. Also the heart. Car'diac, Cardiacal, a. [Lat. cardiac us, from Gr. kardia, the heart; Sansk. hrid.] ( Anat.) Pertaining to the heart; resembling the heart; as, the cardiac arteries. -Cordial; strengthening; stimulating the heart to action; bracing the system, .; as, a cardiac medicine. Cardiac Wheel. (Mach.) See HEART-WHEEL. Cardia'ceæ, n. pl. ( Zool.) A family of Molluscous animals, established by Linnæus, including the cockles and their allies; the shells of which are all equivalve, or nearly so. There are numerous species, widely diffused; many of them being remarkable for the smallne and delicacy of their shells, as well as for the comparative activity of the animals that form and inhabit them. Cardiag'raphy, n. ( Anat.) An anatomical descrip tion of the heart. Cardial'gia, Car'dialgy, n . [Fr. cardialge .] ( Med .) Impaired appetite, with gnawing or burning pain in the stomach or epigastrium. - Dunglison . Cardiff, a seaport town of England, in S. Wales, co. Glam organ, on the Bristol Channel, 25 m. W. of Bristol, and 170 W. of London. It po e es magnificent docks, whence coal and iron are yearly exported to the quantity of 1,500,000 tons. These docks are, along with the town, the property of the Marquis of Bute. Pop . in 1897, about 133,000. Cardiff, in Iowa , a village of Mitchell co. Cardiff, in Mi i ippi , a village of Warren Co., on the E. side of the Yazoo river, 13 m. N. by S. of Vicksburg. Cardiff, in New York , a post-village of Onondaga co., 132 m. W. by N. of Albany. Cardigan, a maritime co. of England, in S. Wales, having N. the cos. of Merioneth and Montgomery: E. Radnor and Brecon; and S. Car mar then and Pembroke. Area, 443,387 acres. - Surface , undulating; soil , fertile. Silver, lead, and copper are extensively found, and slates largely exported. -Chief Towns. Cardigan (the chief), Aberystwith, Tregaron, Lampeter. Pop . 73,488. CARDIGAN, a seaport town, and cap. of above co., on the N. bank of the Tivy, near St. George's Channel, is 198 m. W.N.W. of London. It is an ancient place, and maintains a considerable shipping-trade. Pop . 4,000. Cardinal, a. [Fr., from Lat. cardinal is , from car do , card in is, a hinge. That serves as a hinge on which any thing depends; chief; principal; preeminent; fundamental; as, a cardinal virtue. "His cardinal perfection was industry." Clarendon. - Cardinal Points. (Geog.) The East, West, South, and North points of the compa .-( Astrol .) The cardinal points are those of the rising and setting of the sun, and the zenith, and nadir. Cardinal Numbers . The numbers one, two , three, ., in contradistinction to first , second, third , ., which are denominated ordinal numbers. - Cardinal Signs. (Astron.) Aries, Libra, Cancer, Capricorn. They mark the four quarters of the year, or the two equinoxes and two solstices. Cardinal Virtues. Among the ancients, prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance. - Cardinal Winds. (Meteorol.) Those which blow from cardinal points of the compa . the course of time. It has for some centuries been limited to 70; of whom six were bishops of certain Roman dioceses; 50, styled cardinal priests , held their titles from parishes in Rome (many of them being at the same time bishops of foreign dioceses); and 14 were deacons. But in fact there are at present 65 only. The election of the Pope, which is performed by these personages a embled in conclave, is thus concurred in by the 3 orders of clergy, through their representatives. The period at which this election was confined to the cardinals is variously stated. Some have a erted that such was the case as early as 1058; others, not before 1562. It is now understood that the Pope must be chosen from this body. The C. are distinguished by a scarlet hat, and a short purple mantle worn over the rochet. Their rank is next to that of the Pope, with whom they form a political council for the secular affairs of Rome; and also an ecclesiastical council, each congregation being presided over by one or more of the cardinals. Authentic information as to their rank and function may be found in the "Papal Calendar" ( Annu ario Pontificio ), published annually at Rome. - See CONSISTORIUM, and CONCLAVE. -A woman's short cloak. Cardinalate. Cardinalship,n. The office, rank, or dignity of a cardinal.