Mantling

(mantling.) [From Fr. manteau, a mantle.] (Her.) That appearance of flourishing or drapery that is represented as surrounding a coat of arms. It is supposed originally to have been the representation of a mantle, or military habit, worn by the cavaliers over their armor, to preserve it from rust. Mantilla, (man-til'lah.) [Sp. ] In Spain, and Spanish-speaking countries generally, a long flowing veil worn by females (Fig. 461). Mantua, (măn'tu-ah,) [It.Mantova, an ancient, strongly fortified, and handsome city of N. Italy, C. of a p. of same name, on the Mincio, 21 m. S.W. of Cremona. It became the seat of an independent duchy in 1328; was taken by the Austrians in 1718; by the French in 1796; and again held by the Austrians from 1814 till 1866. The poet Virgil was B. there. Pop. 28,197. Manual Exercise, (man'ual.) [From L. manus, the hand.) (Mil.) That branch of instruction by which soldiers are taught the first rudiments of the musketry and bayonet drill. Manufacture, (măn-ū-fakt'yür.) [From L. manus, ah and, and factura, a making.] The operation of reducing raw materials of any kind into a form suitable for use, either by the Fig. 461. hand or by machinery. Also, SPANISH COSTUME. any commodity made by the (Sarago a.) hand, or anything formed from the raw materials or natural productions of a country, as cloths from wool, and cotton or silk goods from cotton and silk fibres, . Manure, (man-ūr.) [From Fr. manœuvrer, to work manually.] (Agric.) Any substance, whether vegetable, animal, or mineral, which, mixed up with the soil, tends to accelerate vegetation, and increase the outturn of crops. It is intended to supply the place of some element of vegetable development found wanting in the land. Manuscript, (măn'ŭs-kript,) (abbrev. in the sing. MS.; in the pl. MSS.) [From L. manu scriptum, written with the hand.] A book, pamphlet, or document of any kind, written on paper, parchment, or any other material;-in contradistinction to a printed book or document. Manzanares, (man-thah-nā'rāz,) in Spain, a town of p. Ciudad Real, 100 m. S. of Madrid. Lop. 11,275.-A river which flows past Madrid,and falls in to the Jar am a, an affluent of the Tagus. Manzanillo, (-nēl'yo,) a seaport of Cuba, on the S.E. coast of the island, 85 m. W.N.W. of Santiago, with a good harbor and a considerable commerce. Pop. 20,000. Manzanillo. (Bot.) See HIPPOMANE. Manzoni, A LESS ANDRO, (man-zo'ne,) an eminent Italian man of letters, B. at Milan, 1784. His celebrity chiefly rests on his excellent historical novel IProme i Sposi (1827). D. 1873. Marble head, Map, (map.) [From L. mappa.] (Geog.) A delineation of a country,according to a scale, in which the proportion, shape, and position of places are exactly preserved. The top is usually the N.,the right hand the E., the left hand the W., and the bottom the S. When the cardinal points are otherwise arranged, afleur-de-lis points Marcasite, to the N. A terrestrial map is either geographic, that is, relates to land, or hydrographic, i. e. relates to the Mar cell in us, sea-in which case it is usually called a chart. Amap representing a small extent of country it called a topo-Mar cell us graphical map. In maps three things are e entially requisite: 1. All places must have the same situation Mar cell us, and distance from its great circles, as on the globe, s0 that their parallels, longitudes, ., may be distinctly seen. 2. Their magnitudes must be proportional to their real magnitudes on the globe. 3. All places must have the same situation, bearing, and distance, as on the March, earth itself. The degrees of longitude are numbered at top and bottom, and the degrees of latitude on the right and left sides. Maple-tree, (ma'pl-.) (Bot.) See ACERACEE. Marabou, or Marabout, (mahr'ah-boo.) (Zool.) See CINCONIDE. 1 Marabout, (same pron.) [From Ar. marbouth, a solitary.] Among the Moslem in hab. of the N. African states,a cla of errant religious devotees, who profe to work miracles, and are looked upon with some de-Marchen a, gree of veneration by the more ignorant of their fellows. Maracaibo, [often written MARACAYBO,] (mar-ah-kabo,) a fortified seaport of Venezuela, C. of a p. of same name, 300 m. W. of Caracas. The town also gives its name to an extensive lake near which it is situated, and which communicates by a channel, 3 m. broad, with the Gulf of Venezuela (or Maracaibo), an arm of the Caribbean Sea. The town has some trade, chiefly in chocolate, tobacco, and skins. Pop. 20,000. [s. 575]