Albuquerque took a principal part in the war which followed

His decisive victory of Montijo or Campo Mayor (May, 1644) won for him the titles of Count of Allegrete and grandee of Portugal. Albuquerque, Pedro d'. Born at Pernambuco about 1575: died at Pará, Feb. 6, 1644. A son of Jeronymo de Albuquerque Maranhão, ap pointed governor of Maranhão and Pará in 1642. Jorge d ' Albuquerque . author of "Al-Tasrif," a famous résumé of Alby. See Albi . Arabian medical science. According to some he lived a century earlier. His work was partially translated Albyn. See Albion . into Latin and twice into Hebrew. Albuera (al-bö-a'rä). A village in the proyince of Badajoz, Spain, 12 miles southeast of Badajoz. Here, May 16, 1811, the Anglo-Spanish-Portuguese army (30,000) under Beres ford defeated the French (20,000) under Soult. The lo es were nearly even. Albufeira (äl-bö-fa'e-rä). A small fishing port in the province of Algarve, Portugal, 21 miles west of Faro. Albufera de Valencia (äl-bö-fā'rä da vä-lan' the-ä). A lagoon, about 10 miles long, 7 miles south of Valencia, in Spain. Its revenues belonged to Godoy, later to Suchet (Duke of Albufera), and after him to the Duke of Wellington. Albula (äl'bö-lä). A pa in the canton of Grisons, Switzerland, about 25 miles southeast of Coire, connecting the valleys of the Albula and Hinter-Rhein with that of the Inn. Its height is 7,595 feet. Albumazar (äl-bö-mä'zär). Born at Balkh, Turkestan, 805 (1): died at Wasid, central Asia, 885. A celebrated Arabian astronomer, author of numerous works, including an introduction to astronomy, a "Book of Conjunction," and a treatise on astrology. Latin translations of the first two appeared at Augsburg in 1489, and again at Venice, the former in 1506 and the latter in 1515. The work on astrology was printed at Venice under the title "Flores Astrologiæ" (date unknown), and reprinted at Augsburg in 1588. His name is given to the leading character, a knavish astrologer, in a university play (in English), named for him, by John Tomkis (or Tomkins), acted by the gentlemen of Trinity College, Cambridge, before King James I. in 1614. It is founded on "L'Astrologo" of Gian Battista del Porta, 1606. Dryden revived it in 1748. In 1734 a comedy called "The Astrologer" (produced in 1744) was founded on it by Ralph. Albuquerque (äl-bö-kar'ke). A town in the province of Badajoz, Spain, 24 miles north of Badajoz. Population (1887), 7,385. Albuquerque. The capital of Bernalillo County, New Mexico, situated on the Rio Grande 58 miles southwest of Santa Fé: an important railroad center. It consists of two set tlements, the old town (population (1890), 1,733) and the new town (population (1890), 3,785). The latter was founded in 1881. The old town dates from the 17th century. Albuquerque, Affonso de, surnamed "The Great" and "The Portuguese Mars." Born at Alhandra, near Lisbon, 1452 (1453): died at sea near Goa, India, Dec. 16, 1515. A celebrated Portuguese navigator and conqueror, the founder of the Portuguese empire in the East. Appointed viceroy of India, he landed on the coast of Malabar in 1503, conquered Goa and afterward the whole of Malabar, Ceylon, the Sunda Islands, the peninsula of Malacca, and the island of Ormuz. King Emmanuel appointed a personal enemy of Albuquerque to supersede him. On his return, he died at sea. was an extraordinary man, and made the Portuguese name He profoundly respected in the East. Albuquerque, Duarte Coelho de. See Coelho de Albuquerque , Duarte. Albuquerque, Francisco Fernandez de la Cueva, Duke of. See Fernandez de la Cueva . Albuquerque, Francisco Fernandez de la de Cueva Henriquez, Duke of. See Fernandez la Cueva Henriquez . Albuquerque, Jeronymo de. Born about 1514: died at Olinda, near Pernambuco, about Feb. 25, 1594. A Portuguese soldier, leader in various wars against the Indians in Brazil, whither he went in 1535. In 1548 he was captured by the Cahetes tribe, but gained their good will and married the daughter of a chief. Albuquerque Maranhão, Jeronymo de. Born at Pernambuco, 1548: died at Maranhão, Feb. 11, 1618. A Brazilian soldier, son of Jeronymo de Albuquerque and an Indian mother. He con Alcacer-do-Sal (äl-kä'ser-dö-säl'). A trading town in the province of Estremadura, Portugal, situated on the Sado 50 miles southeast of Lis bon: the Roman Salacia. It has been the scene of various battles, particularly between Moors and Christians. Population, about 2,000. Alcæus (al-se'us). [Gr. Ἀλκαίος .] 1. A famous poet of Mytilene in Lesbos (about 611-580 B. c.), by some regarded as the first in rank of the lyric poets of Greece. He supported the nobles in their struggles with the tyrants of his native town, was banished, and led an eventful and wandering life. He was "the perfect picture of an unprincipled, violent, lawle Greek aristocrat, who sacrificed all and everything to the demands of pleasure and power" ( Mahaffy ). Fragments of his works remain. 2. In Greek legend, a son of Perseus and Andromeda. He was an ancestor of Hercules. Alcaforado (äl-kä-fō-räʼdō), Francisco. A Portuguese navigator who took part in the expedition (of which he wrote an account) of João Gonzales Zarco to the island of Madeira in 1420. Alcalá de Chisbert (äl-kä-lä' da ches-bart'). [ Alcalá : Ar. 'castle.'] A town in the province of Cas tell on, Spain, situated near the Mediterranean 65 miles northeast of Valencia. Population (1887), 5,751. Alcalá de Guadaira (äl-kä-lä' da gwä-Thiʼrä). A town in the province of Seville, Spain, situated near the Guadaira 7 miles east of Seville. It contains a Moorish castle, an unusually fine example, older than 1246, when the town was taken by the Christians. Population (1887), 9,055. Alcalá de Henares (äl-kä-lä' dā ā-nä'rās). A town in the province of Madrid, Spain, near the site of the Roman Complutum, situated on the Henares 17 miles east by north of Madrid: the birthplace of Cervantes. It was formerly famous for its university, founded by Cardinal Ximenes, which was removed to Madrid in 1836. Population (1887), 13,543. Alcalá de los Gazules (äl-kä-lä' dā lōs gä-thö'las). A town in the province of Cadiz, Spain, 30 miles east of Cadiz. Population (1887), 9,802. Alcalá la Real (äl-kä-lälä rä-äl'). A town in the province of Jaen, Spain, 27 miles northwest of Granada. Population (1887), 15,802. Alcalá y Herrera, Alonso de. A Portuguese writer of Spanish origin, who published in 1641 five Spanish tales in each of which one of the five vowels is omitted. Ticknor. Alcamenes, or Alkamenes (al-kam'e-nēz). [Gr. Ἀλκαμένης .] Born at Lemnos, of Attic descent, or at Athens: flourished about 448-404 B. C. A Greek sculptor, according to Pausanias the most skilful pupil of Phidias. The same author ascribes to him the centaur conflict on the western pediment of the temple of Zeus recently recovered at Olympia. This must have been a very early work of the master. His recorded works were statues of gods and heroes mainly. His Aphrodite "of the gardens" was one of the great statues of antiquity. His statue of ivory and gold of Æsculapius may be represented in the beautiful head in the British Museum, found at Melos. Alcamo (äl'kä-mo). A town in the province of Trapani, Sicily, 24 miles west-southwest of Palermo. Near it are the ruins of the ancient Segesta. Population, about 37,000. Alcandre (äl-kon'dr). A character in Mademoiselle de Scudéry's romance "Clélie": a flattering portrait of Louis XIV., then only about eighteen years of age. Alcañiz (äl-kän-yeth'). A town in the province of Teruel, Spain, on the Guadalope 64 miles southeast of Sarago a. Population (1887),7,781. Alcantara (äl-kän'tä-rä). A western quarter, formerly a suburb, of Lisbon, noted for the victory gained there in 1580 by the Duke of Alva over the Portuguese. Alcántara Alcántara. [Ar., 'the bridge.'] A small town in the province of Cáceres, Spain, the ancient Norba Cæsarea, situated on the Tagus 31 miles northwest of Cáceres. The famous bridge of Trajan, over the Tagus, built in 105 A. D., exists to-day practically as the Romans left it. It is built without cement, and is one of the most imposing of masonry bridges. It is about 670 feet long, and 210 feet high from the river-bed, with six arches. The two central arches each have a span of 110 feet. A plain triumphal arch rises over the middle pier. Another notable structure is the monastery of the Knights of Alcántara, begun in 1506, and now in ruins. The florid Pointed church is divided by slender piers into lofty, gracefully vaulted aisles. The cloisters are fine, and the buildings, both for residence and for defense, of great extent and ma ivene . Population, about 4,000. Alcantara. A seaport in the province of Maranhão, Brazil, in lat. 2° 25′ S., long. 44° 25′ W. Alcántara, Francisco Martin. Born in the province of Estremadura, probably about 1480: killed at Lima tuna ish soldier, half-brother of Francisco Pizarro on the mother's side. He left Spain with Pizarro in 1529, and was with him during part of the conquest of Peru. He received a large inheritance which was unjustly taken from the younger Almagro. Alcantara was killed with Pizarro. Alcantara, Doctor of. An operetta by Julius Eichberg produced in Boston in 1862, "the most succe ful work of any pretensions with an exclusively American reputation” ( Grove ) . Alcántara, Knights of. A religious and military order in Spain, created about 1156 by the brothers Don Suarez and Don Gomez de Barrientos to combat the Moors. In 1177 it was confirmed by Pope Alexander III. as a religious order of knighthood under Benedictine rule. It took its name from the fortified town of Alcantara, with whose defense it was intrusted about 1213, having hitherto been known as the order of the Knights of San Julian del Pereyro. In 1494-95 the grand mastership was vested in the crown, and in 1540 the knights received permi ion to marry. In 1835 the order ceased to exist as a spiritual body, though it still remains in its civil capacity. Alcantara, Pedro de. See Pedro I. and II . of Brazil. Alcatraz (äl-kä-träz'). A small island north of San Francisco, the seat of a military prison. Alcaudete (äl-kou-Thā'tā). A town in the province of Jaen, Spain, situated on a tributary of the Guadalquivir 23 miles southwest of Jaen. Population (1887), 9,188. Alcázar (äl-kä thär). [Ar. al qaer , the castle.] 1. The palace of the Moorish kings and later of Spanish royalty at Seville. A large part is of the original Alhambresque architecture, and extremely beautiful, though restored and too highly colored. Other portions have been added by succe ive Spanish sovereigns, from Pedro the Cruel. The gardens were laid out by the emperor Charles V. 2. A palace in Segovia, Spain, originally Moorish, occupied by the sovereigns of Castile from the 14th century. It was a large and strong medieval castle, with picturesque towers and turrets, and contained rooms of much historical interest. It was burned in 1862, and has been restored. Alcázar, Battle of. See Battle of Alcázar . Alcázar de San Juan (äl-kä thär dä sän hwän). A town in the province of Ciudad Real, Spain, a railway and manufacturing center. Popula tion (1887), 9,557. Alcazar-Quivir. See Ka r - el - Kebír . Alcazava So to may or, Simão de. Born about 1490: died on the east coast of Patagonia early in 1536. A Portuguese explorer, from 1522 in the service of Spain as a naval officer. In 1534 he fitted out, at his own expense, two ve els and 240 men, with the object of reaching Peru by the Straits of Magellan. Leaving San Lucar Sept. 21, he touched at the Abrolhos Islands, Brazil, and arrived at the Straits in Jan., 1535; attempting to pa , he was driven back by a storm, and wintered at Puerto de los Lobos (probably St. Joseph's or Alceste (äl-sest'). The principal character in Molière's comedy "The Misanthrope”: a disagreeable but upright man who scorns the civilities of life and the shams of society. Wycherley has taken him as the model of his rude and brutal Manly in "The Plain Dealer." Alcock Greek rhetorician, a native of Elæa in Asia Minor. He was a pupil of Gorgias, and between 432 and 411 B. C. resided at Athens where he gave instruction in eloquence, being the last of the purely sophistical school of rhetoricians. Two extant declamations are ascribed to him. Alcide (äl-sēd'), Baron de M... A pseudo who was a descendant of Alcœus. Alcina (äl-che'nä). A fairy, the embodiment Alceste. A pseudonym of several modern nym used 1833-35 and in 1864 by Alfred de French writers, among them Alfred A olant, Mu et. Hippolyte de Castille, Louis Belmontet, and Alcides (al'si-dēz). A patronymic of Heracles, Edouard Laboulaye. Alceste. A tragic opera by Gluck, first pre- sented at Vienna, Dec. 16, 1767. Alcester (al's ter). A town in War wicks hire, England, 19 miles south of Birmingham: the site of an ancient Roman encampment. Popu- lati on (1891), 4,963. Alcester, Baron. See Seymour , Sir Frederick . Gr. Ἄλκηστις , οι Ἀλκέστη.] In Greek legend, Alcestis (al-ses'tis), or Alceste (al-ses'te). the daughter of Pelias and wife of Admetus, king of Pheræ in The aly. When her husband was stricken with a mortal sickne she sacrificed her life for him, in accordance with the promise of Apollo that by this means he should be saved. According to one form of the legend she was allowed to return to the upper world by Perse phone: according to another she was rescued by Hercules. She is the subject of a play by Euripi des. The Alcestis is a curious and almost unique example of a great novelty attempted by Euripi des a novelty which Shakspeare has sanctioned by his genius -I mean the mixture of comic and vulgar elements with real tragic pathos, by way of contrast. The play is not strictly a tragedy, but a melodrama, with a happy conclusion, and was noted as such by the old critics, who called the play rather comic, that is to say, like the new comedies in this respect. The intention of the poet seems to have been to calm the minds of the audience agitated by great sorrows, and to tone them by an afterpiece of a higher and more refined character than the satyric dramas, which were coarse and generally obscene.