hop (2), hoppe

[Dut. hop, hoppe; O. H. Ger. hopfo; M. H. Ger. hopfen; N. H. Ger. hopfen.] A. As substantive: 1. Botany: (1) (Sing.): Humulus lupulus , the only known species of the genus Humulus (q. v.). The root, which is perennial, annually sends forth long, weak, rough, twining stems. The leaves somewhat resemble those of the vine, but are rougher, each pair with two curved stipules; the flowers are diœcio us, the males, which are in axillary panicles, have five sepals, no petals, and five stamens; the females are in cones or catkins consisting of concave scales, each with a pair of minute flowers [(2)]. It has an aromatic odor, sent forth by glands containing a resinous secretion. The hop is indigenous in England, but grows also in this country, in Belgium and Bavaria. [HOP-PICKING.] It was known to the Romans as Lupus salic tar i us. Packets of it put in pillows have a narcotic effect, and tend to induce sleep. It is sometimes prescribed as a tonic. The young shoots blanched have been eaten as asparagus, and the roots used as a substitute for sarsaparilla. Bryonia dioica [BRYONY] is sometimes called Wild Hop. The native hop of Australia is (1) Dodonœa, the seed ve els of which are there used in the manufacture of beer; (2) Davies i a lætifolia . (2) ( Pl . ): The mature cones of the hop; hop heads. 2. Brewing (chiefly in the pl.): Hops are boiled with the wort in brewing beer. They impart a bitter taste and aromatic flavor, and prevent fermentation from being too rapid. They owe their effect to a chemical principle called Lupuline (q. v.). 3. Phar .: Lupulus . The dried catkins of the female plant of Humulus lupulus , the common hop. It is used to prepare Infusum lupuli , Infusion of Hop; Tinctura lupuli , Tincture of Hop, and Er tractum lupuli , Extract of Hop. Hops are tonic and stomachic, and slightly narcotic; with malt they form the materials from which beer is, or should be, made. B. As adj .: Of or belonging to the plant described under A. 1., or any one akin to it. Oil of hops : Chem & Comm .: A green light acrid oil, obtained by subjecting hopheads to pre ure. hop-back, s.