satureia, satureja (Jas y)

[Latin Bot.: Savory; the typical genus of Satureæ (q.v.). satureia =savory.] [SAVORY.] *sa-tür-1-ty, *sa-tur-i-tie, s. [Lat. saturitas , from satur full; Italian saturità .] The quality or state of being saturated; saturation, repletion. Săt-urn, s . [Latin Saturn us the sower, from sero , pa. par.sat us =to sow; Fr. Saturne .] 1. Cla . Mythology : The youngest son of Colus (Uranus) and Gaia, the godde of the earth. Being banished by Jupiter from heaven, he fled to Latium, and was received by Janus, king of Italy, who made him his partner on the throne. Saturn occupied himself in softening the barbarous manners of the people of Italy, and in teaching them agriculture, and the useful and liberal arts. His reign there was so mild and beneficent that mankind have called it the Golden Age, to intimate the happine and tranquillity which the earth then enjoyed. He is generally identified with the Greek Kronos, and the festival in his honor, called Saturnalia, corresponded with the Greek Kronia. He is generally represented as an old man bent through age and infirmity, holding a scythe in his right hand. His temple was the state treasury. 2. Astron.: The sixth of the major planets in distance from the sun. This averages 884,000,000 miles, and at certain times is nearly 1,000,000,000. It is the second planet in point of magnitude, having a mean diameter of 71,000 miles. To the eye it is as large as a fixed star of the first magnitude, and was known to the ancients. The equatorial diameter is about 78,000 miles, the polar 70,000. The large dis crepancy indicates rapid rotation. This is performed in 10 hours, 14 minutes, and 23.8 seconds. Saturn's day is consequently not half the length of ours. But its year, fixed by the time of its revolution round the sun, is twenty-nine and a half earthly years. It moves through about twelve degrees of the sky in a year, enough to be noted by any ordinarily careful observer. The density of Saturn is one-eighth that of the earth. Were water enough supplied for the purpose, Saturn would float with one-fifth of its bulk dry. It is supposed that the materials of which it is composed are too greatly heated to condense into a compact body, but its weight is about eighty times that of the earth. Prior to 1610, Galileo, with his telescope, which magnified thirty The Planet Saturn. times, discovered three bodies projecting from the planet's disc, which in that year began to diminish in size. Huyghens, in 1655, proved these to be a 3555 ring. In 1675, J. D. Ca ini showed that a black line divided the ring into two parts. These Mar aldi, in 1715, and Sir Wm. Herschel, in 1790 (?), showed to be all probably separate rings. In 1850, Profe or Bond, of Cambridge, Ma achusetts, discovered a third ring, a dusky, semi-transparent structure, which has been called a crape ring. Sir Wm. Herschel had proved in 1789 that the rings rotated in 10 hours, 32 minutes, 15 seconds. Astronomers have shown that, were the rings either solid or fluid, they must undergo disruption by unequal stre ; and that they therefore probably consist of minute bodies like the meteorites surrounding the sun. On March 25, 1655, Huyghens discovered the first satellite of Saturn. Between 1671 and 1684 Ca ini found five more. On August 28, 1789, Sir Wm. Herschel added a seventh, and on Sept. 19, 1848, Profe or Bond, of Cambridge, Ma achusetts, and Mr. La ell, of Liverpool, an eighth. The Dione, Tethys, Enceladus, Mimas, and Hyper i on. names of the eight are: Titan, Japetus, Rhea, *3. Old Chem.: A name applied to lead. 4. Her .: The black color in blazoning the arms of sovereign princes. Săt-ur-nā-11-a, s . pl . [Lat, neut. pl. of Satur nalis pertaining to Saturn (q.v.).] 1. Rom. Antiq.: The feast in honor of Saturn, celebrated in December, and regarded as a time of unrestrained license and merriment for all cla es, even for the slaves. 2. Any time of noisy license and revelry; unrestrained, licentious revelry.