Chas am, WILLIAM PITT

1ST “EARL OF (1708-78), Brit. statesman; b. Westminster and ed. Eton and Trinity Coll., Oxford. Suffering from ill-health, he traveled abroad, and then entered the army. Butin 1735 he became ‘M.P. for Old Sarum and in the Commons vigorously attacked Walpole. In 1746 Pitt became Vice-Treasurer of Ireland, and then Paymaster-General. In 1751 he was dismi ed from office for speaking against a government proposal. In 1756, however, he became Sec. of State and Leader of the House, In 1757 he was dismi ed, but was reinstated as practical though not nominal head of the Government. The administration of 1757-61 is famous in British history for the succe es of Wolfe in Canada and Clive in India, and for the Seven Years War, in which Pitt supported Frederick the Great. He opposed the peace of 1763, but from this time on he was frequently very ill, and unable to take part in public affairs. He retired from office, but came back to form a ministry, he himself being Lord Privy Seal, in 1766. He was then cr. Earl of Chas am. During most of his term of office he was ill, and his conduct was somewhat strange. He resigned in 1768. He appeared in the House of Lords again in 1770, and before his death vigorously opposed the government policy towards America. He was a great orator, and a brilliant if in some ways mysterious personality. N., 4° 33’ E.), town, on Seine, Cote d'Or, France; C. congre between Napoleon and allies, 1814; iron foundries. Pop. 4,900. W.), village, Derby shire, England. 0. Hall, seat of Duke of Devons hire, has fine grounds, gardens, library, and art collection; for several years Mary, Queen of Scots, was imprisoned here. forming part of the boundary on the west, and joining the Flint, after which it becomes the Appal a chi cola. It is navigable for about 200 m., up to Columbus, the total length being 500 m. the county seat of Hamilton co. Itis the steamship communication with all the important southern ports. Chattanooga has become in recent years one of the most important industrial cities of the South. Nearby are large deposits of coal, iron, clay and other minerals, and the hydroelectric power generated from the Tenne ee and Ocee rivers provide abundant power for industrial purposes. Plants costing over 15 milion dollars have been built and are run through the water power derived from these rivers. Within the city limits are over 300 factories. The chief industries are the manufactures of lumber, furniture, steel, railroad cars, shovels, and breakfast foods. There are also foundry and machine shops. The city has many handsome public buildings, including the court-house, Carnegie library, and a terminal station. There an excellent school system, together with several private schools. The institutions for higher education include the University of Chattanooga, and the Chattanooga School of Law. There are many charitable institutions including an orphans’ home, working girls’ homes, etc. Chattanooga is the site of a National Soldiers’ Cemetery, in which are over 13,000 graves. Here also is the Chattanooga and Chick am aug a National Military Park. The city was settled in 1836 as Ro Landing. It was incorporated in 1851. In 1863 it was o-cupied and nearly destroyed by Union forces. It is notable for being the scene of three of the greatest battles of the Civil War, Chick am aug a, Mi ionary Ridge, and Lookout Mountain. Pop. 1920, 57,895.