PICTURES

Muḥammad cursed the painter or drawer of men and animals ( Mishkāt , book xii . ch. i. pt. 1), and consequently they are held to be unlawful. PILGRIMAGES TO MAKKAH are of two kinds: the Ḥajj or special pilgrimage performed in the month of Ẕū ʾl-Ḥijjah, and the ʿUmrah , or visitation, which may be performed at any time of the year. [ HAJJ , ʿUMRAH .] PĪR ( پير‎ ). The Persian word for an elder. A term used for a murshid , or religious leader. [ SUFIISM .]