Heidenmauer (hidenmouer)

A stone rampart on the summit of the Kastanienberg, near Dürkheim, Palatinate, Germany, probably of ancient Teutonic origin, noted in legend and = fiction: also other similar prehistoric or Roman remains. - Heidenmauer, The. A novel by Cooper, pub The Century Cyclopedia of Names Heijn (hin), Pieter Pieterse. Born at Delfts haven, Netherlands, 1577: died 1629. A Dutch admiral. He served as vice-admiral in the fleet of Admiral Willeken at the capture of San Salvador, Brazil, in 1624; defeated the Spaniards in a bloody naval battle in All Saints' Bay, Brazil, in 1626; and captured the Spanish silver fleet, with treasure valued at 12,000,000 gulden, in the Bay of Matanzas, Cuba, two years later. He was sub sequently placed at the head of the Dutch navy by the stadtholder Frederick Henry, and was killed while blockading Dunkirk in 1629. The Century Cyclopedia of Names Heilbronn (hil'bron). A town in the Neckar circle, Würtemberg, situated on the Neckar 26 miles north of Stuttgart. It has important manufactures and commerce. The Rathaus, Church of St. Kilian, and Deutsches Haus are of interest. It was formerly a free imperial city. Population (1890), commune, 29,941. Heilbronn, Union of. An alliance between the Swedes and the German Protestants for the prosecution of the war against the Imperialists, concluded at Heilbronn in 1633. Heil dir im Sieger kranz (hil der im zē'gerkränts). [G., 'Hail to thee in the conqueror's wreath.] The Pru ian national hymn. It was written by He in rich Harries in 1790 as a song for the birthday of Christian VII. of Denmark, adapted to the English air "God save Great George the King," and was arranged in its present form for Pru ian use by B. G. Schumacher in 1793. Heiligenstadt (hi'lig-en-stät). A town in the province of Saxony, Pru ia, situated on the Leine 27 miles east by north of Ca el. It was the capital of the old principality of Eichsfeld. Population (1890), commune, 6,183. Heilsberg (hilz'berg). A town in the province of East Pru ia, Pru ia, situated on the Alle 39 miles south of Königsberg. An indecisive battle was fought here between the French under Soult and the Rus. sians under Bennigsen, June 10, 1807. Population (1890), 5,501. Heilsbronn, or Kloster-Heilsbronn (klos'terhilz-bron'). A small town in Middle Franc on i a, Bavaria, 15 miles southwest of Nuremberg. It contains the remains of a medieval Cistercian abbey. Heim (am), François Joseph. Born at Belfort, France, Dec. 16, 1787: died at Paris, Oct. 2, 1865. A French historical painter. Heimdall (him'däl). [ON. Heimdallr .] In Old Norse mythology, the guardian against the giants of the bridge of the gods, Bifröst, at the end of which he dwelt in Himinbjörg. He was the son of the nine daughters of the sea-gods Ægir and Ran. He po e ed the trumpet Gjallarhorn, with which the gods were finally summoned together at Ragnarök, when he and Loki slew each other. As his name and his attributes indicate, he was a god of light. This god is briefly described by Vigfu on and Powell as follows: "An ancient god is Heimdal, from whom the Amals spring. There are strange lost myths connected with him: his struggle with Loki for the Brisinga necklace; the fight in which they fought in the shape of seals. He is 'the gods' warder,' dwelling on the gods' path, the Rainbow. There he sits, 'the white god,' 'the wind-listening god,' whose ears are so sharp that he hears the gra grow in the fields and the wool on the sheep's backs, with his Blast-horn, whose trumpet-sound will ring through the nine worlds, for in the later legends he has some of the attributes of the Angel of the Last Trumpet. His teeth are of gold; hence he is 'stud-endowed.' Curious genealogical myths attach themselves to him. He is styled the son of nine mothers; and as Rig's father, or Rig himself, the 'walking or wandering god,' he is the father of men and the sire of kings, and of earls and ceorls and thralls alike. His own name is epithetic, perhaps the World-bow. The meaning of Hall in skid i (another name of his] is obscure." Such is a summary of the most important pa ages referring to Heimdal. Rhys, Celtic Heathendom, p. 82. Heimskringla (himskring-lä). [ON. heimr, world, and kringla , circle.] The history of the Norse kings, from the earliest mythical times down to the battle of Re in 1177, written by the Ice lander Snorri Sturluson (1178-1241). It receives its name from its first words, "Kringla heimsins," the circle of the world. In subject-matter and literary style it is the most important prose work in Old Norse literature. Heine (hi'ne), He in rich. Born at Dü eldorf, Pru ia, Dec Dec. 13, 1799: died at Paris, Feb. 17, 1856. A celebrated German lyric poet and critic, of Hebrew descent. Destined for a busine career, he was sent, against his own desire, to his uncle Solomon Heine, a banker in Hamburg; but through the latter's a istance he was enabled to study jurisprudence at Bonn, Berlin, and Göttingen. In 1825 he embraced Christianity. He lived alternately in Hamburg, Berlin, and Munich. After 1831 until his death he lived for the most part in Paris, during the last years of his life a great sufferer from an incurable malady. From 1837 to 1848 he received an annuity from the department of foreign affairs. The first collection of his poems, "Gedichte," appeared in 1822, his "Buch der Lieder" ("Book of Songs") in 1827, "Neue Gedichte" ("New Poems") in 1844, and "Roman zero" in 1851. Among his songs are some of the best-known lyrics of Germany: for instance, "Die Lorelei," "Du bist wie eine Blume," "Nach Frankreich zogen zwei Grenadier." He also left a number of characteristic prose works, the most celebrated of which, the "Reisebilder" ("Pictures of Travel"), had appeared in 4 parts from 1826 to 1831. The "Romantische Schule," to which Heine himself as a writer preeminently belonged, appeared in 1836. His complete works appeared in Hamburg 1861-63, in 21 volumes. Heineccius (hi-nek'tse-ös), Johann Gottlieb. Helena, Saint abode of the dead, = E. hell .] In Old Norse mythology, the daughter of Loki and the giante Angurboda (ON. Angrbodha ) , and godde of Niflheim, or Niflhel, the realm of the dead, below the earth. Originally all the dead went to her. In later mythology only she is horrible in appearance, half blue-black and half flesh-color, and her abode is one of misery to which those alone go who die of age or illne . Helbon (hel'bon). An ancient name of Aleppo. Helder (hel'der), The. A fortified seaport in the province of North Holland, Netherlands, situated on the Marsdiep 40 miles north of Amsterdam. It is an important commercial place, and a Dutch naval station. The great Helder Dyke defends it from the sea. Near it the Dutch under Ruyter and Tromp defeated the English in a naval engagement Aug. 21, 1673; and near it also the English and Ru ian troops landed in their unsucce ful expedition of 1799. Population (1889), commune, 21,984. Helderberg (helderberg) Mountains. A range west of Albany, New York, an offshoot 1778. He in rich. See Henry . He in rich von Mei en (hin'rich fon mis's en). Born at Mei en, 1250: died at Mainz, 1318. A Middle High German lyric poet. He was a wandering singer. In 1278 he was in the army of Hapsburg; in 1286 at Prague. He is said to have founded at Mainz the first school of "Master Singers," so called, and himself marks the transition from the "Minnesingers" to the later "Master Singers." He is also called Frauenlob, a name given him because of a declared preference in a poetical contest for the title "Frau" (lady, mistre ) applied to women, rather than "Weib" (woman, the mere opposite of man). The women of Mainz bore him to his grave, where, at the cathedral, his monument is still to be seen. He in rich von Veldeke. See Veldeke . Heinse (hin'ze), Johann Jakob Wilhelm. Born at Langewiesen, Thu ring i a, Feb. 16, 1749: died at Aschaffenburg, Bavaria, June 22, 1803. A German romance writer. Among his romances is "Ard ing hello und die glückseligen Inseln" (1787). Heinsius (hin'sē-ös), Antonius. Born at Delft, 1641: died Aug., 1720. A Dutch statesman, grand pensionary 1689-1720. Heinsius, Daniel. Born at Ghent, June 9, 1580: died Feb. 25, 1655. A Dutch cla ical philologist, author of Greek and Latin poems, editions of the cla ics, etc. Heinsius, Nikolaas. Born at Leyden, July 20, 1620: died at The Hague, Oct. 7, 1681. A noted Dutch cla ical philologist and Latin poet, son of Daniel Heinsius. He int zel man (hint's el-män), Samuel Peter. Born at Manheim, Lancaster County, Pa., Sept. 30, 1805: died at Washington, D. C., May 1, 1880. An American general. He graduated at West Point in 1826; served in the Mexican war; became brigadier-general of volunteers May 17, 1861; commanded a division of McDowell's army at the first battle of Bull Run; commanded a corps at the battle of Williams burg; was made major-general of volunteers May 5, 1862; participated in the battle of Fair Oaks; and commanded the right wing of Pope's army at the second battle of Bull Run. He subsequently held command of the Department of Washington and of the Northern Department. He was placed on the retired list, with the rank of major-general, by a special act of Congre April 29, 1869. Heir-at-Law, The. A comedy by Colman the Heir of Linne, The. An old ballad preserved younger, produced in 1797, printed in 1808. in Percy's "Reliques": the story of a spendthrift who finally regains his lands and money. Heister (his'ter), Lorenz. Born at Frankfort on-the-Main, Sept. 19, 1683: died at Helmstedt, April 18,1758 18,1758. A German surgeon, profe or of surgery at Helmstedt from 1720. He was the founder of modern German surgery. Hejaz. See Hedjaz . Hejira (hej'i-ra). [Ar., 'departure.'] The era which forms the starting-point of the Mohammedan calendar, July 15, 622, commemorative of the flight of Mohammed from Mecca to Medina. The actual date of the flight was June 20. Hel (hel). [ON., a personification of hel , the Helen (hel'en). [Gr. 'Ελένη, L. Helena : hence It. Elena , Sp. Helena , Elena , F. Hélène , E. Helen , Ellen , G. Helene .] 1. In Greek legend, the wife of Menelaus, and, according to the usual tradition, the daughter of Zeus and Leda, or, according to another, of Zeus and Nemesis, cele brated for her beauty. Her abduction by Paris was the cause of the Trojan war. Goethe introduces her in the second part of "Faust," and Faustus, in Marlowe's play of that name, addre es her thus: "Oh! thou art fairer than the evening air Clad in the beauty of a you sand stars!" Helen of Troy is one of those ideal creatures of the fancy over which time, space, and circumstance, and moral prob a bility, exert no sway. She moves through Greek he roic legend as the desired of all men and the po e ed of many. These us bore her away while yet a girl from Sparta. Her brethren, Castor and Polydeukes, recovered her from Athens by force, and gave to her Æthra, the mother of These us, for bondwoman. She was at last a igned in wedlock to Menelaus, by whom she conceived her only earthly child, Hermione. Paris, by aid of Aphrodite, won her love and fled with her to Egypt and to Troy. In Troy she abode more than twenty years, and was the mate of Deiphobus after the death of Paris. When the strife raised for her sake was ended, Menelaus restored her with honor to his home in Lacedæmon. There she received Tele mach us and saw her daughter mated to Neoptolemus. But even after death she rested not from the service of love. The great Achilles, who in life had loved her by hearsay, but had never seen her, clasped her among the shades upon the island Leuké, and begat Euphorion.