D. 1862.

Colt'er, Coult'er, n. [A. S. cult or ; O. Fr. coultre , from Lat. culter , a ploughshare, from colo , to till; W.cylltawr, from coll , that which separates.] ( Agric .) The cutter; the fore cutting-iron of a plough. Colt-evil, n. ( Farriery .) A disease of young horses, which consists in a swelling of the sheath. Colt'harp's, in Texas , a P. O. of Houston co. Colt'ish, a . Like a colt; wanton; frolicsome; frisky; gay. Col'ton, CALEB C., an English author, в. 1780, was edu- cated at Eton, and King's Coll., Cambridge, where he graduated and obtained a fellowship. He wrote a satiri- cal poem, entitled Hypocrisy , and another on Napoleon , but he obtained his chief reputation from Lacon, or Many Things in Few Words, which he published in 1820. Though a beneficed clergyman, holding the vicarage of IMG:content-0280.jpg:[graphic] IMG:content-0281.png:[blocks in formation] Col'ubrine, a . Serpent-like; crafty; cunning. -Relating to the coluber, or to serpents generally. Col'uguape, in Patagonia , a lake in Lat. 47° S., Lon. 72° W. Length abt. 35 m. It is supposed to be the source of Port Desire River. Colum'ba, n. See CALUMBA. Colum'ba, n. (Zool.) A genus of birds of the Colum- bidæ family, distinguished by having the head large, and the tail short, broad, and rounded. It comprises the Band-tailed Pigeon, C. fasci at a ; the Red-billed Dove, C. flavirostris; and the White-headed Pigeon, C. leuco- cephala, of Florida Keys. Columbæ, n. pl. (Zool.) The Doves, a sub-order of birds, order Rasores , comprising those which have the bill shorter than the head, the basal portion covered by a soft skin in which the nostrils are situated, the hind toe on the same level as the others, and the anterior toe without a basal membrane. They live in pairs, lay generally but two eggs for a brood, but breed often, and feed their young, which are hatched in a very feeble condition, with macerated food from their own crops. This sub-order is chiefly represented by the Columbida or Dove family. Fig . 648. - COLUMBARIUM. (Discovered at the Villa Ruffini, 1822.) Columbia, in Mi i ippi , a post-village, cap. of Marion co., on Pearl River, 90 m. S. by E. of Jackson. Columbia, in Mi ouri , a township and post-village, cap. of Boone co., about 35 m. N.N.W. of Jefferson City, and about 10 from the Mi our River. It is the seat of the State University. -A village of St. Louis co., at the mouth of Mi ouri River. Columbia, in N. Carolina , a township of Randolph co., on Deep River, a few m. from Ash borough. -A twp. of Tyrrel co., abt. 182 m. E. of Raleigh. Columbia, in New Hampshire , a post-township of Coos co., on the Connecticut River, about 110 m. N. of Con- cord. Columbia, in New Jersey , a village of Chas am town- ship, Morris co., about 13 m. W. of Newark. -A village of Mercer co., about 17 m. N. of Trenton. -A post-village of Warren co., on the Delaware River, by Paul in skill Creek, about 10 m. N. of Belvidere. Columbia, in New York , an E.S.E. co.; area , about 620 sq. m. It adjoins Ma achusetts on the E., and is bounded by the Hudson River on the W. In the E. part the surface is hilly; the W., generally level and fertile. Iron and lead ores are found; also limestone, slate, and marble. The warm springs of New Lebanon, in the N. E. part, are a favorite public resort. Cap . Hudson. Pop . (1890) 46,200. -A post-township of Herkimer co., about 70 m. W. by N. of Albany. Columbia, in Ohio , a post-village and township of Hamilton co., on the Ohio River, about 5 m. above Cin- cinnati, -A village of Putnam co., 45 m. N.N.W. of Belle font aine. Columbia, in Oregon, a N.W. co.; area , about 600 square miles. It borders on Washington on the N., from which it is separated by the Columbia River. It is trav- ersed by the Klaskanine and Scappoose rivers. The surface is varied by mountains and valleys; the former being covered with forests of hemlock, cedar, fir, and maple. The soil in the valleys is very fertile. Iron ore is found in large quantities, and salt springs abound. Cap . Saint Helen. Columbia, in Pennsylvania , an E. central co.; area , about 375 sq. m. The N. branch of the Susquehanna River, and the Catawi a and Fishing creeks, traverse it. The surface is broken by the Knob and Catawi a moun- tains, and the Muncey Hills of the Alleghany range. The limestone basis of the valleys renders the soil very fertile. Cap . Blooms burg. -A village and township of Bradford co., 24 m. W. by N. of Towanda. -A post-borough in W. Hemp field township, Lancaster co., on the Susquehanna River (which is here nearly a mile wide), about 28 miles S.E. of the city of Har- risburg. -A post-village, cap. of Chicot co., on the Mi i ippi River, abt. 115 m. S.S.E. of Little Rock. Columbia, in California , a post-town of Tuolumne county, on the Stanislaus River, 4 miles N. of So- -A township of Jennings co. -A township of Martin co. -A city, cap. of Whitley co., on a branch of the Eel river, about 105 m. N. N. E. of the city of Indianapolis. Pop . (1897) about 4,000. Columbia, in Iowa , a post-office of Marion co. -A township of Tama co. -A village and township of Wapello county, on the Des Moines River, about 70 miles S.W. of Iowa City. Columbia, in Kentucky , a township, cap. of Adair co., abt. 100 m. S.S.W. of Frankfort. Columbia, in Maine , a post-village and township of Washington co., on Pleasant River, abt. 130 m. E. by N. of August a. Columbia, in Michigan , a village of Ingham co., on Grand River, about 12 m. S. by W. of Lansing. Columbia, in S. Carolina , a city, cap. of the State, and seat of justice for Rich land district, on the E. bank of the Congaree River, below the junction of the Broad and Saluda rivers, 124 m. N.N.W. of Charleston, and 500 from Washington. Lat. 35° 57′ N., Lon. 81° 7' W. It is built in a fine situation, and is one of the handsomest towns in the State, being well laid out with rectangular streets and squares, and covering an area of over 2 m. The greater part of the houses are built of wood, shel- tered by parterres of trees. C. is the seat of the College of S. Carolina, founded in 1804, which is enriched by good endowments, and contains a large and valuable library. The other noticeable public buildings are, the State House, Insane Asylum, Court House, Market House, many fine churches (of various denominations), 3 banks, and the State Arsenal. Eight newspapers are in flourish- ing existence, and the city po e es several literary and educational institutions. C. is at the head of river-nav i- gation, and connects with Charleston, Wilmington, Au- gust a, . by various railroads. Pop . (1897) abt. 16,000. Columbia, in Tenne ee , a township and post-village, cap. of Maury co., on Duck River, 41 m. S. by W. of Nashville. Columbia, in Texas , a post-village and township of Brazoria co., on the Brazos River. Columbia, in Wisconsin , a S. central co.; area , about 727 sq. m. The Wisconsin and Neenah rivers traverse it. The surface is undulating and the soil fertile. Cap . Portage City. Pop . (1897) about 30,000. Columbia, British, the Pacific province of the Dominion of Canada, bounded S. by the U. S., E. by Athabasca and Alberta, N. by the Northwest Territory, and W. by the Pacific ocean and Alaska, its N. boundary being the parallel of 60° N. It includes the important islands of Queen Charlotte and Vancouver (q.v.) Area , 382,300 sq. miles. The eastern part of the province is traversed by the Rocky mountains, whose highest peaks are Mt. Brown and Mt. Hooker (nearly 16,000 feet high). The E. districts are broken up into immense valleys, which are watered by the Columbia, while the W. district is traversed by Frazer, on whose lower waters is much fertile soil, while the climate is mild though rainy. In the interior the surface is very rugged and the climate severe. A marked feature of the coast line is the presence of fiords, locally called "canals," which penetrate into the mountains of the Coast Range, here of moderate elevation. The lakes of British C. are similar in character, being as a rule very IMG:content-0282.png:[graphic] Columbia Falls, in Maine , a twp. of Washington Colum'bian, a. [From Columbus , the discoverer of America. Pertaining to America, or to the U. States. Columbía'na, in Ala . , a twp. of Shelby co. Columbiana, in Illinois , a village of Greene co., on Columbian College, Washington, D. C. Incorpo- rated in 1821. In 1873, its name was changed to that of COLUMBIAN UNIVERSITY. Columbian Grove, in Virginia , a post-township of Lunenburg co. Columbia River, or OREGON, the largest stream on the W. side of N. America, with an extremely tortuous course. It rises in the Rocky Mountains, in about 51° N. Lat., and 116° W. Lon. It takes a course first N.W. till about 53° N. Lat.; and then nearly S. for abt. 245 m., till its junction with the Flathead or Clarke's River. It then pursues a W.S.W.course, being precipitated over some very high falls, till it reaches Fort O'Kanegan, in about 48° N. Lat. and 120° W. Lon., when it flows S. to Fort Nez Perces, a distance of 125 m., where it is joined by the Great Snake River from the S.E. After receiving the latter, the C. turns to the W.; and pursuing that direction during the remainder of its course, falls into the Pacific Ocean, between Cape Disappointment on the N., and Point Adams on the S.; in 46° 18' N. Lat., and 124° W. Lon. Its embouchure is 5 or 6 m. in width. It has not, where deepest, more than from 4% to 5 fathoms water over its bar, on which the sea breaks with con- sider able violence, making its ingre and egre , to sail- ing-ve els, a work always of much difficulty, and prac- ticable only, it is said, at certain seasons. Ve els may ascend the C. to Fort Vancouver about 100 m. direct from its mouth; and ve els of very light draught may advance about 80 m. further. Columbia Station, in Ohio , a P. O. of Lorain co. Columbia Village, in New York , a village of St. Lawrence co., on the Gra River, about 21 m. E. by N. of Ogdensburg. Columbiaville, in Indiana , a village of Martin co., about 95 m. S.S.W. of Indianapolis. Columbiaville, in New York , a village of Stock port township, Columbia co., at the confluence of the Kinder- hook and Clave rack creeks, a few m. N. of Hudson. IMG:content-0283.jpg:[graphic][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed] Columbidæ, n . pl . [From Lat. columba , a dove.] ( Zool .) The Dove family, sub-order Columbæ , comprising doves which have the bill horny at the tip, 12 and sometimes 14 tail-feathers, and the plumage more or le adorned with metallic lustre. About a dozen species are found in N. America, and all but 2 or 3 belong to the S or S.W. States. See PIGEON.