Cartier, Jacques

(1491-1557). In 1534, sailing out of St. Malo, made his first voyage to the New World, entering the Gulf of St. Lawrence by way of the Straits of Belle Isle, landing on the Gaspé shore, and coasting around the eastern end of Anti cost i. Returned to France. The following year again sailed to the gulf, and entered the river St. Lawrence. Continuing his voyage, pa ed the mouth of the Saguenay, and landed on the Island of Orleans, which he named Île Bacchus. Brought his little ships into the St. Charles River, upon whose banks stood the Indian village of Stadaconé. After exploring the St. Lawrence as far as the Indian town of Hochelaga (Montreal), returned to Stadaconé, where he wintered. In the spring of 1536 sailed back to France, taking with him the Iroquois chief, Donna con a. In 1541, made a third voyage to Canada. Roberval was to have followed with a number of colonists, but did not actually sail until the spring of 1542. When he reached Newfoundland, he met Cartier on his way home. Roberval's colony proved disastrous, and Cartier undertook a fourth voyage to the New World to rescue the survivors. Index : Ch Names Hare Island, 13; ravages of scurvy among his men, 23; finds a remedy in the plant aneda , 29; Membertou pretends to have met him in 1534, 36; his winter quarters identified by Cham plain, 44-45; his Rivière de Fouez identified as the St. Maurice, 52. F His voyages, 1; attempt at colonization, 2. L With his men, receives communion from bishop of St. Malo, 7. C Sir Georges É. Cartier a descendant of the explorer's family, 3. Bib. : For a complete list of the original editions of Cartier's voyages, see Harri e, Notes pour Servir , etc. Tro , Paris, reprinted them as follows: D'Avezac, Bref Récit et Succinte Narration de la Navigation Faite par le Capitaine Jacques Cartier aux Îles de Canada , etc. (1863); Michel ant et Ramé, Voyage de Jacques Cartier au Canada en 1534 (1865); Michel ant et Ramé, Relation Origin ale, du Voyage de Jacques Cartier au Canada en 1534 (1867). The first English version is that of Florio (1580). In 1600 Hakluyt included a more accurate translation in his Principal Navigations . H. B. Stephen's e ay, Jacques Cartier and his Voyages to Canada , is accompanied by a new translation of the voyages. The Cartier voyages are discu ed in the Trans. R. S. C., by W. F. Ganong (1887), (1889); Paul de Gazes (1884), (1890); Abbé Verreau (1890), (1891), (1897); Archbishop Howley (1894); and in the Quebec Lit. and Hist. Soc. Trans. , Voyages de Découvertes au Canada (1843); Demazieres, Notes sur Jacques Cartier (1862). See also Pope, Jacques Cartier ; Winsor, Cartier to Frontenac ; Parkman, Pioneers of France ; Des Long rais, Jacques Cartier ; Dionne, La Nouvelle France de Cartier à Cham plain ; Dent, Can. Por.