AMYL

n, A?m/‘i?l, Formerly written Gus Lat., amyl [U. S. Ph., Br. Ph.], indecl., amylium (Ger. Ph.] (from äuvAov [from @ pak and uvAn, a mill], not ground at a mill, and hence fine starch). cause a. alcohol is one of the products of the fermentation 0 starch. Fr., amyle. Gr., Ger., Amyl. It., amile, amilo. Sp., amilo. Syn.: pentyl. A monatomic alcohol radicle, or univalent hydrocarbon, CsH,). When occurring in the free state, the molecule is doubled, and ‘the resulting body, CyoH22, is called diamyl (q. v.). The isomeric forms of a. are: 1. ‘Derivatives of normal pentane (normal a’s, normal pentyls), of which there are three: (a) CH3 — CH, — CH, — CH, — CH’, (b) CH, — CH’ — CH, — CH? — CH3, and (c) GH, — OH, — CH’— Git, — CH. 2. Derivatives of i so pentane (isoamyls, i so pentyls), of which there are four varieties: (d) (CH3)? = CH - GH, — CH’, a-amyl (that found in optically inactive a. alcohol), (e) B-amyl, EHs, \ = CH — CH, — CH, (that found in optically active a. alcohol, A) (CHs)2 — CH — CH’ — CH,, and (g) (CHs)_ = C” ~CH,—CHs. 3. A derivative of tetra me thy i methane, (h) (CH2)a =C= {Gf The alcohols corresponding to all these radicles except the last are known. See A. ALcoHoL. The ordinary a. compounds are derived from the a, alcohol obtained by fermentation, which is a mixture of several of the simple a. alcohols; and hence these compounds (called compounds of fermentation a., or simply of a.)are also mixtures of the compounds of the corresponding isomeric a’s, especially of d and e. By some the name a. is restricted to fermentation a. The symbol Aylis more Line elven toit. [B,3, 4.118.]— Acid a. citrate, Acid a. oxalate, Acid a. phosphate, À phosphite, Acid a. sulphate, Acid a. tartrate, Amyleitrie acid, Amyl oxalic acid, etc. [B.] See AMYL citrate, Amyl oxalate, ete.— Allophansaures A. (Ger.). See À. allophanate.—Alphaa. See under 4.—A me is ens aures A. (Ger.). See A. formate.—A. acetate. Fr., acétate d’amyle. Ger., A my les sig ester, E igsäure- Amylester. It., aceta to di amilo. Sp., aceta to de amilo. A body having the constitution C,H,,.0.C,H,0 = C,H,402, and so isomeric with Ce acid. Several bodies of this formula are known, all liquids boiling between 125° and 150° C. [B, 4.|—A’acetic ether. Fr.,éther amyl-acétique. See A. acetate—A’æther (Lat.), See A. ether.—A. alcohol. See the major list.—A’aldehyd (Ger.), Valeric aldehyde. [B.]—A. allophanate. Fr., allophanate d'amyle. Ger., Allophanstiure-Amylester. A substance of the composition 7H4N203 = NH, — CO— NH — CO.O(C;Hy1), forming nacreous scales, devoid of faste and odor, and unctuobs to the touch. [B, 2.] —A. amine. See AmyL a mine.—A’ammonia. Fr., amyl ammonia que. Ger., Amylammoniak. Ammonia in which a. replaces hydrogen. [B] AMYL A MINE.—A, and ethyl oxide. See EQHYLAMYL @i A. and hydrogen oxalate, A, and hydrogen phosphate, A. and hydrogen phosphite, A. and hydrogen sulphate. Amyl oxalic acid, amyl phosphoric acid, ete. [B.] See À. oxalate, A. phosphate, etc.—A. and hydrogen sulphide. See A. mercaptan.—A. and hydrogen sulphite, A. and hydrogen tartrate. Payisal AEDES acid, amyl tartaric acid. [B.] See AMYL SULPHONIC ACID and A. tartrate. and methyl oxide. See Merayt amyl ether.—A. and phenyl! oxide. See Amyl phenyl ether._A. an gelate. Fr.,angélate. Ger., Angelikasäure- Amylester. A liquid of the constitution C,H,07(C5H,1) obtained by ctional distillation of the oil of the An them is nobilis, [B, 3.]— niline. Fr., amyl-aniline. Ger., Amyl anilin. It.,Sp., a mil anilin a, See AMYL PHENYLAMINE.—A. antimonide, A compound of a. and antimony. [A,1.] See ANTIMONY-diamyl and ANTIMONY tri amyl—A’äther (Ger.). A. ether, [B.]—A’ätherschwefelsäure (Ger.). Amyl sulphuric acid. [B.“] See À. sulphate. — (Fr.), Amyl nitrous. [B.J—A’biboric ether. Fr., éther anvyl-biborique. See A. borate.—A. borate. Fr., borate d’amyle. Ger., Amylborat. It., bora to diamile. _ A liquid, (CgH,1)3BOg, boil: ing at 254° C. [B, 3.]—A. bromide. Fr., bromure d’amyle. Ger Amylbromür. It., bromuro di amile. Sp., bromuro de amilo, A compound, CsH,,Br, of a. and bromine. Several isomeric forms are known, all of which are liquids, C,H,,Br, the boiling points of which vary, according to their constitution, from 113° to 129° ©. [B, 4.J—A\-camphor. A compound, CyolL,5(C5H, 1)O, of a. and camphor, prepared by the action of a. iodide upon a mixture of sodium-camphor and sodium-borneol. It boils at 275 C. and has a specific dextrogyre power of 59'4°, [B, 2.]— A. capronyl. See DiamyL ketone.—A. carbamate. Ger., Carb aminsäure-Amylester. A body of the formula co} SGH, = Ger., i so cyans aures A., Amylis See A. yanate. Fr., isocyanate d'amyle. cyan at. It., isucianato di_amile. seudocyanate.A. isocyanide. Fr., isocyanure d’amyle. Ger, Amylisocyanir, It., isocianuro di amilé. Sp., isocianuro de amilo, Syn.: A. carb a mine. A liquid, (C,H,,) — N = C, boiling at 37° C. [B, 4]-A. isosulphocyanate, A. i so thiocyanate. Fr., i so sulfo cyanate (ou i so thiocyanate) d'amyle. Ger., i so thio cyans aures A, Amyl i so sulfo cyan at, Amyl i so thio cyan at. It., i so sol foci an a to di amile. See A. pseudo thiocyanate—A. i so valerate. Fr., isovalérate d'amyle, Ger., Amyl i so vale rat. See A. valerian ate.—A’jodiir Ger.). See A. iodide—A. mercaptan. Fr, amyl-mercaptan.. Ger., Amyl mercaptan. Syn.: a. thioalcohol, a, hydrosulphide, a. and hydrogen sulphide.” A liquid, of the constitution C,H,,..SH, boiling at 119°5° ©. [B, 3, Aten eaters tide. Fr., anyl-mercaptide, Ger., Amylmercaptid. Syn.: thio a my late. A compound of a. mercaptan with a metal. The amyl mercaptides have in general the formula (C,H, jS)aR. where R is a radicle of the quantivalence of n. [B, 4.)—-Am ethylbenzene. Fr., amyl-méthyl-benzine. Ger., Amyl methyl benzol. It, amilmetil-benzin a. Benzene in which a. and methyl replace hydrogen, C,H. (Coty \CH;).=C,,Hj,. _ Para methyl isoamyl benzene C(H,CHa AH, PCA, | CH, | CHE (CH,),,H,), à liquid boiling at 218° C., is known. [B, 4]—A. mono chi or acetate. Fr, monochloro-acétate d'amyle. Ger., Monochlore igsäure- Amylester, Amyl mon och lor a cet at, It, nonocloro-aceta to di amile. See A. chloracetate.—A. mustard 1. Ger., Amylsenfél. See A. pseudo thiocyanate.—A. nitrate. Fr., azotate d'amyle. Ger, Amylnitrat. It., nitrato di amile. Sp, nitrato de amilo. The only nitrate of a., CsH,1.ONO,, is that of fermentation a., probably a mixture of the nitrates of Pere y active and optically inactive a. It is a liquid boiling at 148° ©. [B.]—A’nitreux (Fr.). | See AMYLO- NITROUS.—À. nitris cer See A. nitrite—A. nitrite. Lat., a. nitris [U. S. Ph., Br, Ph.], Amylium nitrosum [Ger. Ph.], ether amylonitrosus [Fr. Cod.], amyl i nitris, amylæther nitros us, amyloxydum nitrosum, ether amylic us nitros us. Fr., azotite d'amyle. Ger., Amylnitrit. It, nitrito (0 azotito) di amile. Sp.. nitrito de amilo. Syn.: nitrous ether of a. A _light-yellow liquid, CsH,1.0.NO = (CH2)9 — CH | CH, — CH, = O.NO, of an aromatic taste and a peculiar disagreeable, pungent odor, inflammable and exceedingly volatile, boiling at about 96° C., when it gives off orange-colored fumes that are highly explosive, It has a sp. gr. of from 0'872 to 0°874, and decomposes on exposure to the air. It is obtained from fermentation a. alcohol by the action of sulphuric acid and pota ium nitrite, or by the action of nitrous fumes generated by a combination of starch or arsenic trioxide with nitric acid. [B.] Inhaled in small quantities (from 3 to 5 drops), it dilates the capillaries and reduces arterial pre ure. It has n used to prevent attacks of epilepsy, angina pectoris, and other spasmodic affections, to cut short the paroxysm of intermittent fever, to mitigate the pain of dysmenorrhoea, and as an antidote to chloroform and chloral. [A; L, 65.|—A’nitros us (Lat.). Amylonitrous,—A.- nitrous ether.’ Lat., œther amyl nitros us. Fr. éther amylnitreux. Ger., Salpetrigsäure-Amylester. See A. nitrite—A. orthoborate, A. orthophosphate. See À. borate and A. phosphate—A. oxalate. Fr, oxalate d’amyle, Ger., Oxalsäure- Amylester, Amyloxalat. It, o alato di amile. Sp, oxalato de amilo. A compound of a. and oxalic acid. Normal a. oxalate, hep (Chit) HgPO}. The last two salts have been isolated. They act re- O, no; 02, not; O3, whole; Th, thin; Th?, the; U, like 00 in too; U?, blue; U3, lull; U4, full; US, urn; US, like ü (German). spectively as monobasic and dibasic acids, the residue of the acid hydrogen admitting of further replacement by other bases. These salts are therefore termed amyl phosphoric acids and their compounds with other bases are called amyl phosphates. [B, 3.)—. Fr., amyl-phosphate. Ger., Amyl phos phat, amyl phosphors aures Salz. A salt of an amyl phosphoric acid. [B.] See A. phosphate.—A. phosphide. Fr., phosphure d’amyle. Ger., Amylphosphiir, It, fosfuro di amile. “Tri amyl phosphine. [B.]—. S66 the major list.—A. phosphite. Fr., phos- Bitte d'amyle. Gers, Phos pho rigs dure-Amylester, Amylpkosphit, t., fosfito di amile. Sp., fosfito de amilo. A compound of a. and Héephorous acid. Nornal a. phosphite, trianylic phosphite, (CoH11sPOs and diamylic phosphite (Cel, )sHEG,, are Koown, ‘The latter acts as a monobasic acid, called hence amyl phos pho rows acid, and forms salts Og the replacement of the remaining acid hydrogen atom, [B.|—A’phosphite. Fr., amyl-phosphite. Ger., Amylphosphit, amyl phos pho rigs aures Salz. A salt of amyl phosphorous acid; a compound of diamylie phosphite with a base. [B.] —A’phosphoric acid. Fr., acide amyl-phosphori que. Ger., Amyl phosphorsäure. It., acido amil-fosforico. See A. phosphate.— ‘A’phosphorous acid. Fr., acide amyl-phosphoreux. Ger., Amyl phos pho rigs dure. It., acido amil-fosforoso. See A. phosphite.— ‘A’piperidine. | Fr., amyl-pipéridine, Ger., Amyl pipe rid in. Ît Sp., amil-pipe rid in a. An artificial alkaloid of the composition Gpit oN Celty = CreFlaiN; a colorle liquid boiling in the neigh- Borhood of 18° C. "{B. 2, 79.|—A. pseudo cyanate. Fr., pseudo cyanate d'amyle. Ger., Amyl pseudo cyan at, Pseudocytnsäure- Amylester, Syn.: a. isocyanate. A liquid of the constitution O=C=N-Col,, boiling at 100° C. [B, 4.]—A. pseudothioeyauate. Fr., pseudo-thiocyanate d'amyle.” Ger, Amyl pseudo thio cyan at. | Syn.: a, isosulphocyanate, a. i so thiocyanate, a. mustard-oil, An oily liquid of the constitution of a. pseudo cyanate in which sulphur replaces oxygen, S=C N — CH,.CH2.CH — (CHy)q. B, 4.|—A’quinoline. Fr., amyl-quinoléine. Ger., Amyl chino lin. t., amil-chinolina. A substitution compound of a. and quinoline, Cy He CyHy Cutis. [B, 2, 79.]—A’säure Ger). Amylic aléric) acid. [8] TA "sehwefetsiinre (Ger.), Amylsulphurie acid. [B.] See A. sulphate—A’schwefelwa erstofisiure (Ger.). See 4. mercaptan,—A’schwefligsiiure (Ger.). See Amyl sulphurous acid.—A’senfol (Ger.), A. mustard-oil. [B.] See À. pseudo thiocyanate —A. silicate. silicate d'amyle. Ger., Amylsilicat. The orthosilicate of isoamy] (tetra isoamyl silicate), (C,H)1)4- Si0,, is a liquid boiling at about 325° C. [B.|—A’stryehuiuin (Lat), À substitution product of a. and strychnium (q., having the composition C.gH 33NqO9 =; )N20g, and acting as a univalent. radicle i ] \’îuilycihuîulmcnlvîlr%tä. A compound of amylstrychnium and hydroxyl, Coglg4Nq03 = CayHag- (GH, )N.04,0H, 1B, 2.] — (Ger)! Seb a’ stiphate A sulfhydrique (Fr.). Amyl hydrosulphuric— A’sulfo carb amins it ure Ger.). See Amyl thio carbamic acid.—A's ulfocarbonsiiure (Ger.). See Amyl thio carbonic acid. —A.-sulfonique (Fr.), Amyl sulphonic.—A’sulfonsiiure (Ger.). ” Amyl sulph onie acid.—A.-sulfureux (Fr.). Amyl sulphurous,—A’sulph acetic acid. Fr., acide sulfamyl-acétique. Syn,: sulph amyl acetic acid. A thick liquid of the constitution CyIT,,8.CH,.CO.OH. _ [B, 2|--A. sulphate." Br, sulfate d'amyle. Ger., Amyisulfat. It., solfato di amile. A com: pound of a. and sulphuric acid. The only such compound now nown is the acid sulphate of fermentation a., amyl sulphuric acid, C,H,280, = (CH,), = — CH — CH, — CH, — H.80,, a substance acting as a monobasic acid for in ing salts Galled winytsutphates. (B.J—A. sulphide. Fr., sulfure @amyle, Ger., Diamyl sulfid, Diisamylsulfid. It., solfur o di amile (0 di diamile). Syn.: di am it sulphide, thioether of a. (or of diamyD. À liquid, (CoH 128 oe Amyl thio carb aminsäure. A monobasic acid of the constitution CoHygNSq = C8} NCsH11) of thio carb amie acid in which a. replaces hydrogen in the amidogen radicle. It is an oily body soluble in ether, aqueous ammonia, and in liquor pota æ. ° [B. 2. —A. thio carb imide. See A pseudo thiocyanate.—. Fr., amyl-thio carbonate. Ger., Amyl thio carbon at, amyl thio carbons aures Saiz. Syn.: amylsulphocarbonate. A salt of amyl thio carbonic acid. [B.J—A’thio carbonic acid. Fr., acide amyl-thio carbon i que. Ger., Amyl thio carbonsäure. Syn.: amylsulphocarbonic acid, amyldithiocarbonic acid, amylranthic acid. A substance, acting as a monobasic acid, having the com) sition SI C(O.C,H,,) - SH, or that of carbonic acid in which 2 atoms of oxygen are replaced by sulphur and 1 atom of hydrogen is replaced by a. [B.]—A. thioether. Fr., thio-éther d’amyle. Ger., Amylthioäther. “See A. sulphide.—A. thiocyanate. Ger., Anu idoc range Syn.: a. sulphocyanate. A liquid, Cs5H,, -S— N, boiling at 197° C., derived from fermentation a, q ere is an isomeric form, a. pseudo thiocyanate. [B.|—A. tiglate. Fr., tiglinate_d’amyle. en Ti{linsäure—Amylester. A compound, C,H,O-(C,H,,), of a, and'tiglie acid found among the products of distillation of ‘the oil of chamomile (An them is nobilis). {B, 3.]—. Fr., amyl-toluène. Ger., Amyl toluol. It., amil-tol ene. Toluene in which a, replaces hydrogen, CoH,(CHs)(CsH. amyl methyl benzene (q. v.). [B.|—A’trimethyl ammonium. Fr., amyl-triméthyl-ammonium. Ger., Amyl trimethyl ammonium. It., amil-trimetil-ammonio. A univalent radicle, N(C5 H,, (CHg)4, having the constitution of ammonium in which 1 molecule of a. and 3 molecules of methyl replace 4 atoms of hydrogen, = methyl ammonium hydrate. Fr., hydrate damyl-triméthylammonium, Ger., Amyltrimethylammoniumhydrat. It., idrato di amil-trimetil-ammonio. A substance of the constitution N(C,H,;)- (CHs)3-OH, having a physiological and toxic action like that of muscarine, [A. Glause, cited in * Ctrlbl. f, d. med. W nsch.,” Feb. 14, 1885, p. 101 (B).]—A’urea. Fr., amyl-urée. Ger., Amyl harns toff. It., amil-urea. Syn.: amyl carbamide. A substance of the composition C,H,,N;0 = NH, — CO - NH.C,H,,, or that of urea in which a, replaces an atom of hydrogen. [B,2.{2A. valerian ate. Fr., valérianate d'amyle. Ger., baldriansaures Amyl, I so valerians dure-Is amyl ester. It., valerian a to di amile. Sp., valerian a to de amilo. A body having the composition C,H,,.0:CH50 = Cj o- Hy902, à liquid of an agreeable, apple-like odor, isomeric w th capric acid. [B,4.] It has been suggested as a substitute for v lerian for medicinal use. [B.]—A’we ins i inure (Ger.), Amylta taric acid. [B.] See A. tartrate—A’xanthate. Fr., amyl-xanthate. See Amyl thio carbonate—A’xanthic acid. Fr., acide amyl-zanthique. See Amyl thio carbonic acid—A’xylene. Fr., amyl-xyléne. Ger., Amylxylol. It., amil-xilene, Xylene (dim ethylbenzene) in which a. replaces hydrogen. [B.] Seé Amyl dim ethylbenzene.—Angel i kas aures A. (Ger.). See À. an gelate—Baldrlansaures A. (Ger.). See A. valerian ate.—Beta a. See under 4.— Borsaures A. (Ger.). See A. te.—Carbons aures A. (Ger.). See À. carbonate Carbonyl, a., and hydrogen sulphide. See Amyl thio carbonic acid.—Citron ens aures A. (Ger.). See À. citrate—Cyans aures A. (Ger). See A. cyanate—Dihydric a. phosphate. See A. phosphate.—E igsaures A. (Ger.). Seed. acetate.—Ether of a. See Amy ether.—Fermentation a. Fr., amyle de fermentation. Ger., Gährungsamyl. The variety of a. contained ‘in the a. alcohol of fermentation and in its derivatives. [B.] See A—Gührungsa’ (Ger.). See Fermentation a.—Hydrated oxide of a. See AMYL ALCOHOL—Hydrogen a. oxalate, Hydrogen a. phosphate, etc, Amyl oxalic acid, amyl phosphoric acid, ete. See A. oxalate, A. a SL ete.—Isoa’. Fr., isoamyle. Ger., Isoamyl. It., iso-amile. See I so cyans aures A. (Ge See A. pseudo cyanate,—Isothlocyansaures A. (Ger.). See A. pseudo thiocyanate.—Kieselsaures A. (Gel See À. sil cate. oh lens aures A. (Ger.). See A. carbon at e igsaures A. (Ger.). See A. mon och lor acetate.. a. phosphate. Diamylic phosphate. Nitrous ether of a. See A. nitrite. mal a. oxalate, Normal a. sulphite, etc. sulphite, ete—Ortho bors aures A. (Ger.), saures. A. (Ger.). A. orthoborate, a. orthophosphate. [B.] See A. borate and A. phosphate—Oxalsaures A. (Ger.). See A. oxalate. —Phos pho rigs aures À. (Ger.). See A. phosphite—Phosphors aures A. (Ger.). See A. phosphate.—Pseudo cyans aures A. (Ger.). ‘A. pseudo cyanate. — Pseudo thio cyans aures A: (Ger.)., Rho dans aures A. (Ger.). See A. pseudo thiocyanate. Sal peters aures A. (Ger.). See A. nitrate—Sal pet rigs aures A. (Ger.). See A. nitrite—Salzsaures A. (Ger.). See A. chloride— Saures oxalsaures A. (Ger.), Saures phosphors aures A. (Ger.), etc. Acid a. oxalate, acid a. phosphate, etc. qed See A. or a late, A. phosphate, ete.—Schwefelsaures A. (Ger.). See A, sulphate—Schwefligsaures A. (Ger.). See À. sulphite—Sulfo cyans aures A. (Ger.). See A. thiocyanate—Sulfo kohl ens aures A. (Ger.). See A. thio carbonate.—Thio carbons aures A. (Ger.). See A, thio carbonate—Thio cyans aures A. (Ger.). See A. thiocyanate.—Thioether of a. See A. sulphide—Tigliusaures A. (Ger.). See A. tiglate—Valerians aures A. (Ger.). A valerate, a. valerian ate. [B.|—Welnsaures A. (Ger.). See A. tartrate. AMYLA (Lat.), n.n. pl. A?m(a%m)/i?l(u‘l)-a*, The starches. AMYLACE (Fr.), adj. *l-a*-sa. Amylaceous. [B.] A MY LACE A (Lat.), n., n. pl. of adj. a my lace us. A?m(a%m)- *l)-a(as)’se2(ke?)-a®, Starchy articles of food. [B.] AMYLACEOUS, adj. A?m-il-a/shu’s, Lat., a my lace us (from amylum, starch), Fr., amylacé. Ger., stärkemehlartig. It., amidolico. Sp., amildceo. Syn.: amyloid. Resembling or containing starch. [B; C.] See also A. CORPUSCLES. AMYL ALCOHOL, n. Lat., alcohol amylicum [Br. Ph., Belg. ae Fr., alcool amylique, amyl a i cool, Ger., Amylalkohol, It., alcool amilico. Sp., alcohol amilico. Syn.: amylic (or pentylic) alco- See A. oxalate, A. Orthophosphorhol, hydrate (or hydrated oxide) of amyl (or of pentyl), amylate (or pentyl ate) of hydrogen. A monatomic alcohol consisting of amy] compounded with hydroxyl, CH,1.OH = C,H).0. Seven isomeric varieties of this formula are known in addition to ordinary a. a., or fermentation a. a., which is a mixture of at least two simple a.. The normal a, a’s derived from normal amyl, include: (1) Normal primary a. a., pentyl alcohol, butyl carbinol, CH, — CH, — CH, — CH, — CH,.OH, a mobile liquid having an odor of fusel-oil, boiling at 17° C. having à sp. gr. of 0°8296 at 0° C. It occurs in fermentation a. a. and has been pete synthetically. (2) First (or a) secondary normal a. a., methyl propyl carbinol, CH, — CH.OH — 1, — CH, — CH, = CH,(G,H,)CH.OH, a thick liquid having the odor of fusel-oil, boiling at 118'5° to 119°5° C. and having a sp. gr. of 0°8293 at 0° C. (8) Second (or B) secondary normal a. a., diethyl carbinol, CH — CH, — CH.OH — CH, — CH, = (C,H,),CH.OH, a li%gid of peculiar odor, boiling at 116°5° C., and having a sp. gr. of 0°8315 at 0° C. The isoaa’s, derived from isoamyl comprise: (4) First primary isoa’. a., inactive a. a., i so pentyl alcohol, isobutyl carbinol, (CH), Z CH — CH, — CH,.OH, a liquid constituting the greater part of fermentation a. a, and except for the absence of any action upon the plane of polarization, having identical physical roper ties. According to some, this variety was regarded as hav- [ns lævogyre powers, and others have supposed inactive a. a, to be made up of a mixture of active a. a. (No, 5) and a dextrogyre variety described by Bakhoven. Its derivatives have been termed a-amyl compounds. (5) Second primary isoa’ alcohol, active a. a., oncH> cH — CH, — CH,, a liquid boiling in the neighborhood of 128° C. and having an odor resembling that of fusel-oil but of a fruity character, It is believed to occur in fermentation a. a., but has not yet been satisfactorily isolated. It rotates the plane of polarization to the left, but its derivatives (called B-amyl compounds) rotate it to the right. (6) Secondary isoa’ alcohol methyl i sop ropy lea: binol (CH)z — CH — CH.OH — CH,, a liquid of sweetish odor, boi ing at 111° to 113° C., and having a sp. gr. of 0'819 at 0° C. (7) Tertiary isoa. a., dimethylethylearbinol, (CH,)— C.OH — CH, — CH, a liquid of peculiar aromatic odor, boiling at 1025° C.,and on treat ment with a freezing mixture solidifying into white acicular crystals, melting at 12°C. Ordinary a.a., the a.a. of fermentation, fusel-oil, potato-spirit, ijproduced in the fermentation of starch, and is hence present in the spirit distilled from potatoes. It is a colorle , inflammable liquid, of bi ing taste and giving off a vapor of penetrating odor, which when inhaled produces coughing, a sense of suffocation, vertigo, and headache, It boils at 131° to 132° C. and freezes at —21° C. Sp. gr. at 0° C., about 0°823 to 0824. It deviates the plane of polarization to the left, the degree of deviation varying with the specimen examined. In composition it is a variable mixture of the other a. a’s, consisting especially of first and second primary isoamy] alcohol with a certain amount of normal primary a. a. Fermentation a. a. is a powerful poison, producing an intoxication similar to that of ethy] alcohol (see ALCOHOL- 1sm), but the symptoms, more particularly those of cerebral involvement, are more marked., 2, 3, 4.]—Alpha a. a. First primary isoamyl alcohol. [B, 3.] See A.a.—Alpha secondary normal a. a. First secondary normal a.a. [B, 44 Beta a. a. Second primary isoamyl alcohol. [B, 3. Beta secondary normal a. a. md secondary normal a. a. {B,4.] See A. a—Fermentation a. a. Fr., alcool amylique de fermentation. Ger., Gährungsamylalkohol. See A. a,—First primary isoa’ alcohol. Ger., erster primdrer Isamylalkohol. See A. a—First secondary normal a. a. Ger., erster sekundärer normaler Amylalkohol. See A. a—Inactive a. a. Fr., alcool amy- Nque in act if. Ger., in act i ver Amylalkohol. See Optically inactire a, a.—Isoa’ alcohol. Fr., alcool isoamyl i que. Ger., Isamylalkohol. It., alcool isoamilico. See A. a.—Normal a. a. Fr., alcool amylique normal. Ger.,normaler Amylalkohol. See A. a.—Optically ac ive a. Fr., alcool amylique act if. Ger., optisch activer Amylalkohol. That variety which rotates the plane of poles ie light. {B.] See A. a.—Optically inactive a. a. Fr., alcool amylique tnactif. Ger., optisch in act i ver Amylalkohol. That variety which has no effect upon the plane of polarized light. eh See A. a.— Primary a. a. Fr., alcool amylique primaire. Ger., primärer Amylalkohol. It., alcool amilico piceacer to} A variety of a. a. in the constitutional formula of which the alcoholic hydroxyl is connected with a terminal carbon-atom (?. e., with one which is not itself in direct connection with more than one other carhon-atom). The primary a. a’s are normal primary a. a. and first and second primary isoa’ alcohol. [B.]—Secondary a. a. … alcool amylique second a ire Ger.. sekundärer Amylalkohol. Tt., alcool amilic second a rio, A variety of a. a. in which the alcoholic hydrox: connected with a carbon-atom which itself is in direct connection with two other carbon-atoms. The secondary a. a's are first normal secondary a. a., second normal secondary a. a., and secondary isoa’. a. [B.]—Second primary isoa’ alcohol. Ger., zweiter primärer Isamylalkohol. See A. a.—Second secondary normal a. a. Ger., zweiter sekundärer normaler Amylalkohol. See A, a.—Tertiary @. a. Fr., alcool amylique tertiaire. Ger., tertidrer Amylalkohol. It., alcool amilico tertia rio. A variety of a. a. in which the alcoholic hydroxyl is connected with a carbon-atom which itself is in direct connection with three other carbon-atoms. See Tertiary isoa’. a, under A. A.