WHIST

is said to be a game of English origin, and the earliest extant reference to it is in the poems of Taylor, the water poet, in 1621. Colton, in his “ Compleat Gamester,” says that it derived its name from the fact that it was played in silence. It was formerly played o-up, but was changed to xo-up in the beginning of the eighteenth century. Short whist was introduced about 1783. Edmund Hoyle, in 1742. in U.S.A. in 1834, and studied under Gleyre in Paris before settling in London. In 1884 he became a member of the Society of British Artists, and was made an officer of the Legion of Honour in France in 1891. He began to exhibit in the Royal Academy when he was only twenty-five years old, with “ Two Etchings from Nature.” Amongst his first oil paintings are, “ The Artist’s Mother,” “ Portrait of Thomas Carlyle,” and 1“ Portrait of Mi Alexander”; and amongst his finest etchings are, “The French Set, * “The Thames Set,” and two “Venice Sets." He was attacked most inteinperately by Ruskin in “ Fors Claviger a’’ for July, 1877, and raised a libel action against him, the verdict of which was ‘one farthing damages without costs.’ Whistler, however, had his revenge in the pamphlet, “Whistler v. Ruskin: Art and Art Critics,” which was reprinted along with his “Ten o’CIock Lecture,’’ in “The Gentle Art of Making Enemies.’’ was born in 1667, and became a Fellow of Clare College, Cambridge, in 1693. His “Theory of the Earth ” brought him so much reputation that he was appointed succe or to Newton as Lucas i an Profe or at Cambridge, but he was expelled for Arianism (q.v,). Amongst the loud-mouthed hypocrites who raged against him, Dr. Sacheverell was prominent. His famous heretical e ay on the Apostolic Constitutions will be found in his “Primitive Christianity published—revised Revived.” His translation Shilleto—in of “Joseph us” is by Bohn's Library. for both sexes, and is hallowed by memories of Caedmon and St. John of Beverley. The old Abbey was burned by the Danes in the time of Alfred the Great, and refounded—for monks only—after the Norman Conquest. Sir Walter Scott’s reference to nuns there, in “ Marmion," is a poetic licence. 1720, and became a Fellow of Oriel College, Oxford, in 1744. He declined Church preferment, but in his latter years was curate in his native village. His “ Natural History of Selborne," published in 1789, is an English cla ic. He was also the author of letters on the antiquities of Selborne. the son ofa Nottingham butcher, and was apprenticed to an attorney. He worked at his duties and at literature with such zeal that his weak constitution gave way, and he died of consumption at the age of 21. Southey edited his literary remains. a single sonnet, on “Night and Death,” dedicated to Cole ridge; but he might with equal justice be remembered for his autobiography, which is a profound revelation of a deeply religious soul in search of that certainty which, in the very nature of things, religion can never guarantee.