BRUNSWICK

(German, Brauntchfocig), a duchy and sovereign state in the N.w. of Germany, forming a portion of the Germanic Empire. It oompriseB 1425 English miles, and 311,715 inhabitants. It is for divided into eight districts — three larger and five smaller, detached from each other and surrounded by The foreign po e ions. About one-half of the land ia very arable. The family of Brunswick is one of the most andent in Europe. (See Brunswick — Fauilt of.) In 1806 the duchy was annexed by Napoleon to the and Kingdom of Westphalia, but its native prince, Frederick William, was restored in 1813. In the German Des- Confederation Brunswick held the thirteenth rank, the with two votes in the a embly, and one along with Na au in the diet. It was afterwards a member of the North German Union, formed consequent to and the di olution of the old confederation by the vie* of tories of Pru ia in the short campaign of 1866. As a state of the German Empire it now sends twi> Conot members to the Bundesrath, and three deputies to are the Reichstag. In its internal government Brunswick is a constitutional monarchy. The represenof tative a embly consists of twenty-one deputies of fiery. the principal taxpayers, ten deputies of towns, a twelve of communes, and three of the deigj. The him. budget is voted triennially; that for 1870-72 w 7,196,400 thalers, or £1,079,460. The prevailing n*ligion in Brunswick is Luther an. The most importsnt are in articles of trade and manufacture are com, rape-seed^ flax, tobacco, chicory, hops, madder, and wood. Th« to country raises sheep, swine, goats, poultry, and bees in. sufficient quantities to supply the inhalntanta. Som« fat cattie and horses are imported. In the foreirtA by there are wild boars, deer, hares, heath-cocks, blac^« 8vo); cocks, partridges, and hazel-grouse; but as no Attempts are made to preserve the game, the qosLntit^ gradually decreases. The mountainous tracts yi«rlU bioiron, copper, salt, marble, coal, porcelain earth, asm! other minerals. In the Rammelsbeig are foujnd. the silver, copper, lead, arsenic, vitriol, and sulphur, iritis small quantities of gold. Large tracts are oover^«i with peat, in the sandy regions of the northern «li»« tricts. The breweries and distilleries dt spixits^ ^tl^c one spinning of linen yam (the most extensive brms^^.^ das of industry), the manufacture of linen and leattber the preparation of paper, soap, tobacco, sal-i * Ernest niac, madder, and chicory, afford the principal employment of the people. The lackered wares and (1532), porcelain of Brunswick are famous even in foreign left countries. Brunswick, the capita], is the centre of the trade. The country is provided with good roads. 448