Mure

Sir William made governor of Paris and marshal in 1804, and prince and high admiral in 1805, He commanded the cavalry at Marengo in 1800, at Austerlitz in 1805, at Jena in 1806, and at Eylau and Fried land in 1807. In 1806 he was made grand duke of Berg and Cleves; commanded in Spain in 1808; became king of Naples as Joachim I. Napoleon in 1808; commanded the French cavalry in 1812; was leagued with Austria in 1814; went over to Napoleon March, 1815; was defeated by the Austrians at To lenti no May 2-3, 1815; and was captured in making a landing in Calabria in Oct., 1815. Murat, Prince Napoléon Lucien Charles. Born at Milan, May 16, 1803: died at Paris, April 10, 1878. Son of Joachim Murat. He lived in the United States until 1848, and was later a politician and prince in France. Muratori (mö-rä-tō'rē), Ludovico Antonio. Born at Vignola, near Modena, Italy, Oct. 21, 1672: died at Modena, Jan. 23, 1750. A celebrated Italian antiquary, director of the Ambrosian College and Library at Milan, and later librarian to the Duke of Modena. His chief works are "Rerum Italic arum script ores (1723-51), "Anti quit ates Italicæ medii ævi" (1788-42), "Annali d'Italia" (1744-49). Mura tori an (mu-ra-to'ri-an) Fragment or Canon, The. A summary of the canonical books of the New Testament, in popular and illiterate language, probably dating from the period of Marcus Aurelius. It was first published by L. A. Muratori in 1740. Muravieff (mö-rä-ve-ef'), Nikolai. Born 1793: died Nov. 4, 1866. A Ru ian general. He served with distinction against the Poles in 1831, and captured Kars in 1855. Muravieff (mö-rä-vē-ef'), Nikolai, Count Muravieff-Amurski. Born at St. Petersburg, 1803 (1810?): died at Paris, Nov. 19, 1881. A Ru ian general. He was appointed lieutenant-governor of Eastern Siberia in 1848, and took po e ion of the Amur territory, which was ceded by China in 1858. As a reward for this service he was created a count and promoted general of infantry. He Murchison (mer'ki-son), Sir Roderick Impey. Born at Tarradale, Ro -shire, Feb. 19, 1792: died Oct. 22, 1871. A Scottish geologist. was educated at the grammar-school at Durham and the military college, Great Marlow. In 1808 he went to Galicia with Wellesley, and was with Sir John Moore in the retreat to Corunna. After eight years' service he left the army and traveled in Europe. He took up the study of geology at the suggestion of Sir Humphry Davy, and in 1825 read his first paper before the Geological Society. He was a ociated with Lyell and later with Sedgwick in Auvergne and the Alps. His especial work was the establishment of the Silurian System in 1831 ("The Silurian System," 1838), and later the Devonian. In 1845 he published Muphrid (mů'frid). [Ar. al - mufrid al-ramih, "Ru ia and the Ural Mountains." In 1855 he was ap the solitary star of the lancer.] The third- magnitude star η Boötis, in the right leg of the pointed director-general of the Geological Survey, and director of the Royal School of Mines and Geological Museum in Jermyn street. Murcia (mer's hi-ä; Sp. pron. mör'the-ä). A giant. Mur (mör.). A river which, rising in Salzburg, flows through Styria and part of western Hun province of Spain, bordering on the Mediter- gary and joins the Drave 27 miles east of Wa- Münster (mün's ter). [From L. monasterium, a cloister.] A former bishopric of Westphalia and principality of the Holy Roman Empire. It rasdin. Length, about 250 miles. was created in the middle ages. The archbishops of Co- Murad. See Amurath . 1814-15. Münster. The capital of the province of Westphalia and of the government district of Münster, Pru ia, situated on the Münstersche Aa in lat. 51° 57′ N., long. 7° 35' E. It has manufactures of linen, cotton, leather, etc. The cathedral is chiefly of the 13th century, though in many features of style and design it appears older. The Rathaus notable for its Frieden aal, in which the peace of Westphalia was signed in 1648, and which contains many historic relics, and for its main façade of the end of the 14th century. The Church of St. Lambert, Liebfrauen-Kirche, and many old buildings are of interest. It is the seat of an academy (a university until 1818), and was made the seat of a bishopric by Charles the Great about 800. Its early name was Mimigardevord. It was a Hanseatic town, and was famous as the center of the Anabaptist exce es under John of Leyden, Matthiesen, Knipperdolling, and others in 15341535. Bishop von Galen took forcible po e ion of it in 1661. It was a literary center in the 18th century. Population (1890), 49,340. Münster. A town in Upper Alsace, Alsace-Lorraine, situated on the Fecht 46 miles southwest of Strasburg. Formerly it was a free imperial city. Population (1890), 5,664. Münster (in Switzerland). See Moutier . Münster, Peace of. See Westphalia , Peace of . Münster, Sebastian. Born at Ingelheim, Germany, 1489: died at Basel, Switzerland, May 23, 1552. A German geographer, Orientalist, and mathematician, profe or of Hebrew at Basel. He wrote "Cos mog raphia universal is" (1544), ete. Münsterberg (mün's ter-berg). A town in the province of Silesia, Pru ia, situated on the Ohlau 37 miles south of Breslau. Population (1890), 6,162. Münsterthal (mün's ter-täl). [G., 'Münster valley.'] 1. A valley in the canton of Bern, Switzerland. See Moutiers , Val . -2. A valley in Murad Effendi (mö'räd e-fen'di). A umed name of Franz von Werner. See Werner . Muradabad (mö-rä-dä-bäd'), or Moradabad (mō-rä-dä-bäd'). 1. A district in the Northwest Provinces, British India, intersected by lat. 28° 45′ N., long. 78° 30′ E. Area, 2,282 square miles. Population (1891), 1,179,398.-2. The capital of the district of Muradabad, situated on the Ramganga 97 miles east of Delhi. It is a trading center. Population, including cantonment (1891), 72,921. Mural to (mö-räl'to), Onuphrio. The fictitious canon of St. Nicholas at Otranto, from whom Walpole, as William Marshall, profe ed to translate "The Castle of Otranto." Murano (mö-rä'nō). An island and town in the lagoon of Venice, Italy, 1 mile north of Venice. It has been famous since the 14th century for its gla manufactures, and is noted for its cathedral and Museo Civico (with Venetian gla products). Muras (mö'räs). A horde of Brazilian Indians on the middle Amazon. Formerly they were numerous and powerful in the region between the lower Tapajós and Madeira. According to vague tradition they came from the upper Amazon, driven out by the Incas of Peru. They were long at war with the Mundurucus, by whom they were finally conquered about 1788; since then they have led a wandering life in the network of lakes and channels about the mouth of the Madeira, living in miserable huts or in canoes, and subsisting by hunting and fishing. A few hundreds remain, in a very degraded state, and much cro ed with negro blood from fugitive slaves. They are noted thieves. Their language is doubtfully cla ed with the Tupi. Murat (mü-rä'), Joachim. Born at Bastide, Lot, France, March 25, 1771: executed at Pizzo, Calabria, Italy, Oct. 13, 1815. A French marshal, and king of Naples, brother-in-law of Napoleon I.: famous as a cavalry commander. He was the son of an innkeeper; studied theology at Toulouse; entered the army as a volunteer; and served with distinction in Italy 1796-97, and in Egypt 1798-99, becom ing a general of division. He aided the coup d'état of Nov., 1799; married Caroline Bonaparte Jan. 20, 1800; and was ranean. It is rich in metals. Area, 4,478 square miles. Population (1887), 491,438. Murcia. A former Moorish kingdom in Spain, comprising the provinces of Murcia and Albacete. It was conquered by Castile 1243-53. Murcia. The capital of the province of Murcia, Spain, situated on the Segura in lat. 37° 59′ N., long. 1° 11′ W. It has silk manufactures. The cathedral, of the 14th century, has a broad Renai ance west front and tower. The walnut choir-stalls are delicately carved with saints and Bible scenes. The family chapel of Los Veles, with its tombs, is a remarkable example of the florid-Pointed style. Murcia was taken by Castilians about 1240, and was plundered by the French in the Peninsular war. Population (1887), 98,538. Murdoch (mėr'dok), James Edward. Born at Philadelphia, June 25, 1811: died at Cincinnati, May 19, 1893. An American actor, and profe or of elocution at the Cincinnati College of Music. He made his first appearance at Philadelphia in 1829. He was versatile, and played a variety of leading characters. In 1840, while he was stage manager of the National Theater, Boston, he left the stage and devoted five years to study, reappearing as Hamlet in New York. He was considered thereafter as a leading actor. When the Civil War broke out, he devoted his energies to the support of the Union as nurse while his two sons were in the army, and gave readings for the benefit of the United States Sanitary Commi ion. Murdock (mėr'dok), James. Born at West brook, Conn., Feb. 16, 1776: died at Columbus, Mi ., Aug. 10, 1856. An American Congregational divine and scholar. He translated works of Mosheim, and the New Testament from the Peshito version. Murdock, William. Born at Auchinleck, Ayrshire, Aug. 21, 1754: died at Birmingham, Nov. 15, 1839. A Scottish inventor. He entered the works of Boulton and Watts, Birmingham, in 1777, and in 1795 made the first practical use of illuminating gas. He also invented the oscillating steam-engine. Murdstone (mėrd's ton), Edward. In Dickens's "David Copper field," a black-haired, violent tempered, vindictive, cruel man: David Copper field's stepfather. Mure (mür), Sir William. Born at Row all an, Ayrshire, 1594: died 1657. A Scottish poet. He Mure, Sir William was wounded at Marston Moor. He wrote the "True Crucifix for True Catholics" (1629), and a version of the Psalms (1639). Mure (mür), William. Born near Caldwell, Ayrshire, July 9, 1799: died at London, don, April 1, 1860. A Scottish historian of Greek literature. He was educated at Westminster School and at Edinburgh and Bonn universities. He was member of Parliament for Renfrew 1846-55. His "Critical History of the Language and Literature of Ancient Greece" (5 vols. 1850-57) was unfinished at the time of his death. He was a colonel in the Renfrewshire militia. Murena (mu-re'nä), Lucius Licinius. 1. A Ro man commander against Mithridates 83–82 в. с. -2. A son of the preceding. He was elected consul in 62 B. C. Having been accused of bribery by an unsucce ful rival, he was defended by Cicero and acquitted. Muret (mü-rā'). A town in the department of Haute-Garonne, France, situated on the Ga ronne 11 miles southwest of Toulouse. Here, in 1213, Simon de Montfort defeated the Albigenses and Aragonese. Population (1891), commune, 4,142. Muret, Marc Antoine, L. Muretus (mū-rē'tus). Born at Muret, near Limoges, France, April 12, 1526: died at Rome, June 4, 1585. A celebrated French humanist. He taught the cla ics at Poitiers, Bordeaux, Paris, and Toulouse; went to Italy, where he resided in Venice, Padua, and Rome; and after his return (1563) to Rome from a visit to France in the train of the legate Cardinal Hippolito d'Este, taught civil law there until 1584. He edited Latin authors, and wrote Latin orations, letters, etc. Murfree (mer'fre), Mary Noailles: pseudonym Charles Egbert Craddock. Born at Murfreesboro, Tenn., about 1850. An American novelist. She contributed to the "Atlantic Monthly" before 1880, and wrote "In the Tenne ee Mountains" (1884), "Where the Battle was Fought" (1884), "The Prophet of the Great Smoky Mountains" (1885), "In the Clouds" (1886), "The Story of Keedon Bluffs" (1887), etc. Murfreesboro, or Murfreesborough (mèr'frēzbur-ō). [Named from Colonel Hardy Murfree, an officer in the Revolutionary War.] The capital of Rutherford County, Tenne ee, 32 miles southeast of Nashville. A victory was gained here by the Federals (43,400) under Rose crans over the Confederates (37,712) under Bragg. Heavy fighting occurred on Dec. 31, 1862; Jan. 1, 1863, little done, but battle was resumed on Jan. 2; the following day a heavy rain fell, and on the night of Jan. 3-4 Bragg retreated. Fed eral lo , 13,249, including 1,730 killed; Confederate lo , about 11,000. Population (1890), 3,739. Murgab, or Murghab (mör-gäb'). A river in northwestern Afghanistan and the region about Merv, Asiatic Ru ia. It is lost in swamps about lat. 38° N. Murger (mür-zhār'), Henri. Born at Paris, March 24, 1822: died there, Jan. 28, 1861. A French littérateur. He was at first a notary's clerk, and afterward secretary of Count Tolstoi. His style is both humorous and melancholy. He is best known from his sketches of Bohemian life in Paris ("Scènes de la vie de