consanguinity

[Lat. cons an gui nit as, from con = cum = with, together, and sanguis = blood.] The quality or state of being related by blood; nearne of kin; descent from a common ancestor. connected by consanguinity or affinity with several others, "-Macaulay: Hist. Eng., ch. xviii, Consanguinity is of two kinds, lineal and collateral. Lineal subsists among persons who descend in what may be called a straight line from a common ancestor: thus grandfather, father, son, grandson, great-grandson have lineal consanguinity. Collateral consanguinity is when there is descent from a common ancestor, but not in a direct line: as grandfather, father, his brother, son of the first, ., . Here the line is not direct. If A. has two sons, each of whom has children, these children are IMG:content-0649.png:[blocks in formation] 2. The act of subduing, conquering, or surmount- ing by mental strength. "The last and hardest conquest of the mind." Pope: Homer's Ody ey, bk. xiii., 1. 354. *3. The act or proce of acquiring or gaining in any way; acquisition. 4. That which is acquired or gained by victory or force. "Tru he was and wise and kind, O thair conquest he toke the tend." 5. The act of gaining the affections of any person. "Wrinkles, or a small stoop in the shoulders, nay, even gray hairs, are no objection to making new conquests." M. W. Montague: Lett ., No. 11. 6. A person whose affections are gained. II. Technically : 1. Hist .: The term "the Conquest" is applied to a revolution in British history following on the defeat of Harold II. by William, Duke of Normandy, in 1066, which reduced the inhabitants for a century and more to the position of a subject and oppre ed race, land, power, everything having been transferred to the Normans. [CONQUEROR.] guinity, which is of Latin origin, is nearly the same as kindred, which is Anglo-Saxon. For the difference between consanguinity and kindred, see KINDRED. con-sar-çin-ā-tion, s. [Lat. cons arc i no = to patch together, to piece.] The act of piecing or patching together; patchwork. *con-schaft, *con-schaift, s . [Jamie son suggests Flem. kundschap .] Knowledge, intimation, information. "He must also direct parties on all quarters of horsemen to get intelligence, and conschaift of his enemie, lest unawards he should be surprised." - Monro: Exped., P. i., p. 9. con-science (science as shyŭns), * concience, *con-sciens, *con-scyence, *kun-scence, s. [Fr. conscience ; Prov. consciencia , co iencia ; Sp. conciencia ; Port. conscient i a , Ital. coscienza ; all from Lat. conscient i a =(1) a joint knowledge, a being privy to, a witne ing; or, by me to no my, the persons who are privy to anything; (2) consciousne , knowledge, feeling; (3) the moral sense, conscience, from consciens , pr. par. of conscio =to be conscious (of wrong); conscius =one cognisant of: con =together, and scio =to know, to understand, to IMG:content-0650.png:[blocks in formation] law Scotland: as it was among the Norman jurists, who styled the first purchaser (that is he who brought the estate into the family who at present owns it) the con- queror or conquer eur. Which seems to be all that was [ (1).] meant by the appellation which was given to William the Norman."-Black stone: Commentaries , bk. ii., ch. xv. *con-quest-or, *con-quest-our, s. [Eng. con- quest; -or.] A conqueror, a victor. con-qui-şi-tion, s. [ Lat.conquisitio , from con- quisitus , pa. par. of conquiro .] The act of seeking for in order to make a collection; a collecting or buying up. "I do not see them making meanes for the procurement of some cunning artificers, nor for the con qui sit i on of some costly marbles, and cedars, Elisha Raising the Iron . ( Latham .) ."-Bishop Hall: *con-rad-ize, a . [Prob. a corruption of Lat. contradico -to contradict.] Perverse, contumacious. IMG:content-0651.png:[blocks in formation] (1) The moral sense. As the etymology indicates, it signifies "knowledge along with"-but whether with a thing, or a person or being, it is difficult to determine. South makes it with a thing. He says in his sermons: "Conscience, according to the very notation of it, importing a double or joint knowl. edge; to wit, one of a divine law or rule, and the other of a man's own action; and so is properly the application of a general law to a particular instance of practice." ( South .) It may, however, be along with God. Paul uses it in this sense in Rom. ix. i. "I shall neither eick nor pair [pare] what I think; but I think this generation is as conradize as ever set our Gower , i. 322. *con-rey, s. [O. Fr. conrei, conroi .] A troop, a [II. 1.] "For to be a conquer our of worldes good." 3. One who overcomes or subdues; a victor, a vanquisher. "Increasing commerce and reviving art Renew the quarrel on the conqueror's part." Cowper: On Heroism. crowns to God's list company. ."-W. Guthrie: Serm., р. 19. "Ther for mast conrey ther bakkis togidere sette Ther speres poynt ouer poynt." R. de Brunne, p. 304. *con'-sa-cre, v . t . [Pref. con , and sacre (q. v.).] To consecrate, to dedicate. "Stoutly con sacring Their lives and soules to God, in suffering." Sylvester: Du Bartas; Triumph of Faith , iii. 5. *con-sa-crěd, a . [CONSACRE, v.] Consecrated, dedicated. "There was a Peach-tree growing there amid God-Camosh Temple, to him con sacred ." The epithet is especially applied to William of Normandy, who conquered England in 1066. Асcording to some William is improperly called the Conqueror; for, though victorious in battle, he had to come under an engagement to observe the laws of the realm before obtaining the crown. But this is not uncommon with conquerors. Speaking of what we usually call, though somewhat improperly, the right of conquest, Black stone says that it is "a right allowed by the law of nations, if not by that of nature; but which in reason and civil polity can mean nothing more than that, in order to put an end to hostilities, a compact is either expre ly or căn-săn-guined, a. [Lat. con cum = with, tacitly made between the conqueror and the con together; sanguis (gen it. sanguinis blood; Eng. quered that, if they will acknowledge the victor for suff.-ed.] Related by blood. Sylvester: Du Bartas ; Maiden's Blush, 672. còn-săn-guin'-ě-al, a. [Lat. consanguinalis = of the same blood.] The same as CONSANGUINEOUS (q. v.). a conscience which indeed too often failed to restrain him from doing wrong, but which never failed to punish him."- Macaulay : Hist. Eng., ch. xx. (2) The decision or the impulse of conscience, morality. *(3) A point of conscience, in sense 2 (1). "We must make a conscience in keeping the just laws of superiors."- Taylor : Holy Living. (1) A bad conscience: A reproving conscience, a conscience which at the moment is reproaching one for a fault or crime. (2) A good conscience : An approving conscience, a conscience which at the moment is producing delight in the heart on account of some good deed recently done. (3) A seared conscience: A conscience which by being habitually disregarded has now lost its sensitivene , as flesh, when its nerves have been destroyed by being cauterized, ceases to feel. The phrase is founded on 1 1 Tim. iv. 2, “. having their conscience scared with a hot iron." , as; expect, Xenophon, exist. ph = shus. -ble, -dle, . = bel, del IMG:content-0652.png:[blocks in formation] 1066 sciens , pr. par. of conscio =to know along with: con con-scient (scient as shyŭnt), a. [Lat. con- =together, and scio to know.] Conscious. "As if he were conscient to himself, that he had played his part well upon the stage." --Bacon: On Learning. *con-scien-tion-al (scien [Formed from Eng. conscience , on analogy of other as shi-ěn), a. adjectives.] Conscientious, depending on the con- science. "And so let it rest "For faithful we must call them, bearing That soul of conscientious daring." being those of the intellect. Moral sensibility may be blunted by neglect of the monitions of conscience, till at length it scarcely operates, the state being reached in which, to use Scripture phraseology, "the conscience is seared as with a hot iron. (1.2 (1) (3).] 2. Mech .: A plate resting against the drill-head and enabling the pre ure of the breast or hand to be brought upon the drill; a pallette. conscience clause, s. English Law and Education: A clause designed to protect the conscience of a child or of the parents from being subjected to religious teaching of which the latter disapprove. It was first introduced into the Endowed Schools Act of 1860, which had to do with secondary education. With regard to primary or elementary education, the state, in aiding denominational schools by money either raised by rates or taken from the imperial exchequer, both the one and the other obtained from persons belonging to all the denominations in the country or no denomination at all, considered that when there was one school in a parish for the education of both Church and Di enting children, the latter should be exempted from any religious teaching to which their parents objected, as well as from attendance at the Established church. In November, 1863, accordingly the Committee of Council on Education extended the conscience clause, borrowed from the endowed, to elementary schools of the kind de scribed in this article. Many of the clergy were much opposed to it, but it held its place and was introduced as an e ential provision into the great Education Act of 1870.