afforest ment (a forest ment)

[ Land once afforested became subject to a peculiar system of laws, which, as well as the formalities required to constitute a valid afforest ment , have been carefully ascertained by the Anglo-Norman lawyers. Encyc . Brit ., IX. 409. IMG:content-0355.png:[blocks in formation] The kettle-drum and far-heard clarionet Affray his ears. Keats, Eve of St. Agnes, xxix. affray (a-fra'), n. [ affray , afray , terror, disturbance, brawl, affray , affrai , usually, with initial e, effrei, effroi, effroy, esfrai, esfrei, esfroi (F. effroi ) Pr. esfrei ; from the verb: see affray , v .; see also frayl , a short form of affray.] 1. Fear; terror. IMG:content-0356.png:[blocks in formation] affriendedt, affrendedt (a-fren'ded), a. [ af- (L. ad ) + friend , formerly spelled frend .] Made friends; reconciled. And deadly foes so faithfully affrended. Spenser, F. Q., IV. iii. 50. affright (a-frit'), v. t . [Spelled aff- , as if of L. origin, but prop. with one f ; a frighten , afrizten (pp. a fright , afrizt ), afyrhtan , terrify, fyrhtan , terrify, forht , fearful: see a -1 and fright. Not connected with afraid or afeard.] To impre with sudden fear; frighten; terrify or alarm. [Archaic.] Thrice did her trembling feet for flight prepare, And thrice affrighted did her flight forbear. Not to affright your tender soul with horror, We may descend to tales of peace and love. =Syn. To scare, alarm, dismay, appal, daunt, intimidate, startle, shock, overawe. affrightt. Past participle of affright . Chaucer. affright (a-frit'), n. 1. Sudden or great fear; terror; fright. We have heard of these midnight scenes of desolation, the ominous din of the alarm-bell, striking with af- fright on the broken visions of the sleepers. Everett, Orations, I. 116. aff righter (a-fri'ter), n. One who frightens. affrightful (a-frit' ful), a. [ afftright , n., + -ful.] Terrifying; terrible; frightful: as, " af- frightful accidents," Bp . Hall , Sermons, xxxiii. 2. The state of being frightened; fright. With as much affrightment as if an enemy were near. Jer . Taylor , Sermons, II. iii. With much terror and affrightment they turned the ship about, expecting every moment to be dashed in pieces against the rocks. E. Johnson, Wonder working Providence (1654). affront (a-frunt'), v . t. [ afronten , afroun- ten, afrunter , later and mod. F. affronter = Pr. Sp. afrontar afron = Pg. affrontar It. affront are , confront, oppose face to face, at- tack, affront are , adfrontare , border on, as land, confront, ront, attack, attack, ad frontem , to the face, in front: ad , to; frontem , acc. of frons, forehead, front; cf. L. a fronte , before, in front: a for ab , from; fronte , abl. of frons , forehead, front. Cf. afront, prep. phr. as adv .] 1. To meet or encounter face to face; confront; front; face. 3. A public fight; a noisy quarrel; a brawl; a tumult; disturbance. Specifically, in law , the fight- ing of two or more persons in a public place to the terror of That he, as 't were by accident, may here Affront Ophelia. others. It usually implies a casual meeting, not by previous agreement to fight. [A private quarrel is not in a legal Earnestly for her he raised sense an affray.]=Syn. 3. Broil , Scuffle , etc. See quarrel , n. His voice in council, and affronted death affrayer (a-frā'ér), n . One who raises or is In battle-field. Bryant, Knight's Epitaph. engaged in affrays or riots; a disturber of the 2. To offend by an open manifestation of dis- peace. [Rare.] affreighter (a-frā'ter), n . The person who hires or charters a ship or other ve el to con- vey goods. Craig. affreightment (a-frat'ment), n. [ affreight + -ment , after F. affrétement .] 1. The act of hir- ing a ship for the transportation of goods.-2. The freight carried by a ship. affrendedt, a. See affriended . affrett (a-fret'), n. [ affret tare , hasten, hurry (ef. affret to , hurried, affrettamento , haste, precipitation, fretta , haste, hurry), frettare , sweep, prop. rub, frictare , frictus , pp. of fricare , rub: see fret1 , v.] A furious onset or attack. respect; put a slight upon; offend by effront- ery or insolence: as, to affront one by doubt- ing his word; an affronting speech. Only our foe, Tempting, affronts us with his foul esteem Of our integrity. Milton , P. L., ix. 328. Let me tell you, Mr. Dangle, 'tis damn'd affronting in you to suppose that I am hurt, when I tell you I am not. Sheridan, The Critic, i. 1. To call God to witne truth, or a lie perhaps; or to appeal to him on every trivial occasion, in common dis- course, is one of the highest indignities and affronts that can be offered him. Ray . I will avenge this insult , noble Queen, Done in your maiden's person to yourself. IMG:content-0357.png:[blocks in formation] other figures in Oriental and early Greek art, as, for example, in A yrian and Hittite the sphinxes of the temple epistyle of A os 2. Specifically, in her ., applied to an- imals represented ( a ) front to front, or aspect ant: opposed to adorsed; Rampant, Af- (b) facing the spectator directly, as affuse (a-fuz'), v. t. dere , adfundere , pour pour: see fusel .] To pour. [Rare.] I first affused water upon the compre ed beans. Boyle , Works, IV. 568. affusion (a-fu'zhọn), n . [ affusio ( n- ) , affundere , pour upon: see affuse .] 1. The act of pouring upon; the act of pouring water or 3. To put out of countenance; make ashamed other liquid, as upon a child in baptism. or confused; give a shock to. Without affronting their modesty. affront (a-frunt'), n. [F. affront = It. af fronto ; from the verb.] 1. The act of oppos- ing face to face; open defiance; encounter. This day thou shalt have ingots; and, to-morrow, give lords th' affront . B. Jonson, Alchemist, ii. 2. I walk'd about, admired of all, and dreaded On hostile ground, none daring my affront . 2. A personally offensive act or word; an in- tentional or supercilious slight; an open mani- fest at i on of disrespect or contumely; an insult to the face. Oft have they violated The temple, oft the law, with foul affronts . Milton , P. R., iii. 161. Men of my condition may be as incapable of affronts , as hopele of their reparations. Sir T. Browne , Religio Medici, Pref. Add is on, Spectator, No. 512. affy Wedded be thou to the hags of hell, For daring to affy a mighty lord Unto the daughter of a worthle king. Shak ., 2 Hen. VI., iv. 1. 103 5. To engage; bind; join. Personal respects rather seem to affy me unto that synod. Bp . Mountagu , Appeal to Cæsar, p. 69. II. in trans. To trust; confide. I do affy In thy uprightne and integrity. Shak., Tit. And., i. 1. Afghan (af'gan), n. and a. [A native name, derived by Afghan chroniclers from Afghan a , a mythical grandson of Saul, king of Israel.] I. n. 1. A native or an inhabitant of Afghanistan, a mountainous country lying northwest of British India, south of Asiatic Ru ia, and east of Persia; distinctively, a member of the principal or dominant race of Afghanistan, speaking the Afghan language, the other inhabitants generally speaking Persian.-2. The language of the Afghans, called by themselves Pushtu or Pukhtu , of Aryan affinity, though formerly supposed by some to be Semitic.-3. [l. c.] A kind of blanket made of knitted or crocheted wool, used as a sofa-cover or as a carriage-robe. II. a . Pertaining or relating to Afghanistan or its people. afield (a-feld'), prep. phr. as adv. or a. [ What keeps Gurth so long afield ? Scott , Ivanhoe. 2. Abroad; off the beaten path; far and wide. Why should he wander afield at the age of fifty-five? Trollope. Without travelling further afield for illustrations, it will suffice if we note these relations of causes and effects in early European times. H. Spencer , Prin. of Sociol., § 375. afilet, v . t . See affile . afire (a-fir'), prep. phr. as adv.ora. [ The match is left afire . Fletcher , Island Prince , ii. 1. His heart afire With foolish hope. W. Morris, Earthly Paradise, II. 131. aflame (a-flam'), prep . phr . as adv . or a. [ flame .] On fire; in or into flame; ablaze. The explosions, once begun, were continued at intervals till the mine was all aflame and had to be flooded. Pop. Sci . Mo., ΧΧ. 425. Aflame with a glory beyond that of amber and amethyst. George Eliot. aflat (a-flat'), prep . phr . as adv . or a. [ flat1 .] On a level with the ground; flatly. Lay all his branches aflat upon the ground. Bacon, Nat. Hist., § 426. a flaunt (a-flänt' or a-flânt'), prep . phr . as adv . or a. [ flaunt . ] Flaunting or flauntingly; with showy equipage or dre . His hat all a flaunt and be feathered with all kinds of coloured plumes. Copley, Wits, Fits, and Fancies (1614), p. 29. The ME. aflightt, v. t . [ a flight , pret., after a flight , p. a. see a flight , p . a ., and afflict , v . spelling with gh may be due to the influence of ME. a fright , affrighted, and words of similar spelling; but cf. delight .] To terrify; alarm. Cam never yet. to mannes sight Merveille which so sore a flight A mannes herte as it tho dede [then did]. Gower, Conf. Amant., i. 327. aflightt, p. a. [ME., Her herte was so sore a flight That she ne wiste what to thinke. Gower, Conf. Amant., ii. 309. a flight edt, p. a. [ Judas a flighted. tooke a spec i all pleasure to see them so Sir T. More, Works, p. 1389. afloat (a-flot'), prep. phr. as adv. or a. [ It was not without constant exertion that we kept afloat , baling out the scud that broke over us, and warding off the ice with boat-hooks. Kane , Sec. Grinn. Exp., II. 264. Seventy per cent. of all the shipping afloat now use the Science, IV. 377. Green wich meridian. aflow (a-flō'), prep. phr. as adv. or a. [ [ a3 African and cf. fornenst.] I. prep. Over against; opposite. The yonder hous that stent a for yens us. Chaucer, Troilus, ii. 1188. II. adv . Over against. The centurien that stood aforn azens. Wyclif, Mark xv. 39. ( N. E. D.) a fort i or i (ā fôr-shi-ō'rī). [L.; lit., from a stronger (sc. cause): a for ab, from; fort i or i, abl. of fortior, fortius, compar. of fortis, strong: see fort.] For a still stronger reason; all the more. A phrase used in, and sometimes employed as the designation of, a kind of argument, which concludes either ( a ) that something does not take place, because the causes which alone could bring it to pa operate still more (b) that something does take place, because causes much weaker than those which operate to bring it about are effective in another case. An argument of the latter kind is the following: "If God so clothe the gra of the field, which to-day is and to-morrow is cast into the oven, shall he not much more clothe you, O ye of little faith?" Mat. vi. 30. + foam.] In a state of foam; foaming: as, the strongly in another case without producing that effect; or water was all afoam. afoot (a-fut'), prep. phr. as adv. or a. [ ne . As he [Shakspere] has avoided obscurities in his sonnets, he would do so a fort i or i in his plays, both for the purpose of immediate effect on the stage and of future appreciation. Lowell, Among my Books, 1st ser., p. 165. [ a3 He distinguished himself as a sick-nurse, till his poor afoul (a-foul'), prep. phr. as adv. or a. comrade got afoot again. 3. Astir; stirring; about. When thy eager hand, Carlyle . With game afoot , unslipped the hungry pack. Whittier , Southern Statesman. 4. In progre ; in course of being carried out: as, there is mischief afoot . afore (a-for'), adv ., prep ., and conj . [ afore , aforn , aforne , aforen , on - for an , before, on , on, + for an , at the front. With ME. afore was merged early ME. atfore , æt - for an , at , at, + for an : see a-2, a-7, and fore , and ef. be- fore. Afore is nearly obsolete in literary use, though still common in colloq. and dial. speech; cf. ahint.] I. adv. 1. Before in place; in front: especially in nautical phraseology. IMG:content-0358.png:[blocks in formation] If he have never drunk wine afore , it will go near to remove his fit. Shak., Tempest, ii. 2. II. prep. 1. Before in time. If your diligence be not speedy, I shall be there afore you. Shak ., Lear, i. 5. 2. Before in place; naut ., further forward or nearer the bows than: as, afore the windla .3. Before in position, station, or rank. In this Trinity none is afore or after other. A than asian Creed. 4. In or into the presence of; under the regard or notice of. Afore God, I speak simply. B. Jonson, Every Man out of his Humour, ii. 3. Notwithstanding all the dangers I laid afore you. B. Jonson, Epicæne, iii. 5. Afore the mast. See before. III. conj . Before that; before; rather than. Afore I'll Endure the tyranny of such a tongue And such a pride. B. Jonson, Magnet ick Lady. a foregoing (a-for'going), a. [ afore + going.] Going before; foregoing. aforehand (a-för hand), prep . phr. as adv . and a. [ME. aforehande , also afor the hond ; afore + hand. Cf. beforehand .] I. adv. Beforehand; in advance; in anticipation. She is come aforehand to anoint my body. Mark xiv. 8. II. a. Beforehand in condition; forehanded: as, he is aforehand with the world. Aforehand in all matters of power. Bacon , War with Spain. + foul.] In a state of collision or entanglement: with of: as, a ship with its shrouds afoul; the brig ran afoul of the steamer.- To fall afoul of, to a ail violently; attack vigorously in any way: as, he fell afoul of him tooth and nail, or with an envenomed pen. υ.