APPARATUS

(Lat.), n.m. A?p(a®p)-pasr-a(a)’tu%s(tu ). From apparare, to prepare for, put in order, make ready. Gr., rapaoxevi. T., appariel. Ger., Apparat. It., apparato, apparecchio. Sp., aparata, 1. A mechanism or a collection of instruments or appli: ances for the accomplishment of a definite operation or proce . 2. In physiology, a group of co-ordinated organs (i, ¢., organs taking part in the performance of a common function). ieee (A, 385).] 3. An a emblage of pathological phenomena. |L,49.] 4 (Obs.) the pre-eruptive stage of au exanthematous fever. [B, 117.) 5. (Obs.) the operation of cystotomy. [E.]—Absorbent a.’ Fr., appareil absarbant. The blood-ve eis and lymphatic ve els. 41.j-Aerotherapeutical a. Fr., appareil aéro-thérapeutique. Ger., aérother ape utis cher Apparat. Pneumatic a. and IN- HALER.—Amesbury’s a. See Amesbury’s sPLINT.—Anæsthetic a., Anæsthetizing a. Fr., appareil anesthésiant. Ger., An i ist hes i rungs apparat. See INHALER.—Anatomical a. Lat., a. anatomic us. Fr., appareil an at am i que. Ger., an a to misc her Apparat. 1. A et of di ecting instruments. 2. Syringes, cannula, ete., for arterial injection.—Antiseptic spray a. See under ATOMIZER.— A. alt us. Fr., haut appareil. See Suprapubic CYSTOTOMY.—A. anatomic us, A. arteriosus. See “Am at on i i cal cA, ahi gicus. Surgical instruments and appliances. [D, 129.]—A. ehylificationis. See Digestive a.—A. continens, See Retentive a.—A. hydrargyro-pneumatic us. Fr., appareil hydrargyropneuma- “a b e ULTZMANN'S PIN SEL APPARAT, (3$ NATURAL SI a, a straight endoscopic tube; 5, the obturator; c, à brush with a movable guard. AVELING’S APPARATUS FOR IMMEDIATE TRANSFUSION. tique. Ger., quecksilberpneumatischer Apparat. An a. for collect-, 91.) ing and storing gases over mercury. [L A. hypogastric us. See = ‘apubic cystoTomy.—A. lateral i: See Lateral cystoromy.—A. lig a mentos us coll i. See Occipito-axial LIGA- MENT.—A. lig a mentos us sinus tarsi. The intero eous ast galo-calcaneal ligament. [L, 31.]—A. lig a mentos us vertebra rum coll i et capitis. The ligamentous structures connecting the head and the spinal column.—A locomotor i us. See Locomotor a—A. magnus, A. major. Fr., grand appareil. cysToToMy.—A. medicaiminum, See Median A stock er., Arzneivorrath. '3 CLAVICLE APPARATUS, (CODMAN & SHURTLEFF, BOSTON.) of medicines, [L, 50.J-A. minor. Fr., "petit appareil. Syn.: cutting an the gripe. An old method of operating for stone in the bladder by cutting down directly on the calculus in the perineum after forcing it down with the fingers inserted into the rectum. [A, 439.]—A. of animal life. Fr., Appareil de ta vie animate, It.; apparecchio dell a vita direlazione. The a emblage of organs by means of which the relations of an animal to the external world are established and maintained; Including the locomotor a., the sensory a., the a: of phonation, etc, [Bichat (L, 41).J—A. of innervation. Fr., appareil de Vin nervation. Ger., Nerve nappa rat. BAUER'S APPARATUS FOR HIP-JOINT DIS- BAR WELL'S APPARATUS FOR TALIPES. 276. EASE. A, 276. The nervous system. _[L, 44.]—A. of organic life. Fr., appareil de la vie organ i que. It., apparecchio dell a vita di nutrizione. The a emblage of organs by means of which the proce es of digestion, secretion, excretion, respiration, and circulation are carried on, [Bichat (L, 41),]—A. of phonation. Fr., appareil de la phonation. Ger., Phon a tians apparat. See Vocal a.—A. pneuma to-chemic us. Fr., appareil hydropneumatique. Ger., pneumatisch-chem is cher Apparat. An a, for collecting and storing gases over water. ‘[L, 80, 91.]—A. pro extensione. See Extension a.—A. respirator i us. See Respiratory a.—A. uropoieticus. See Urinary a.—Appun’s a. À form of vowel a. (q.v.) in which reeds are substituted for tuning-forks. [L, 160.] —Artificial phonatory a. See Artificial LARYN: Auditory a. Fr., appareil de Vaudition. Ger., Gehôrapparat. It., apparecchio dell udito. ‘The external ear, the auditory canal, the tympanum, the internal ear, and the Eustachian tube. (L, 44.]—Aveling’s a, Ana. for the immediate transfusion of blood, consisting of a rubber tube having a cannula and a stopcock at each end and a collapsible bulb holding 2 flu i drachms in the middle. One cannula is inserted into the donor’s vein, and the other into the patient’s vein, the a. having been previously filled with warm water. The tube being compre ed with the fingers on the donor’s side of the bulb, the latter is slowly squeezed so as to propel its contents into the patient’s circulation; while pre ure 1s still Kere up on the bulb, it is discontinued on the donor's side of the bulb and Oyatrs on rer aeeney side; the bulb is then allowed to expand and fill with blood from the donor, This alternation is continued until the desired amount of blood has been transfused. There are no valves, and the stopcocks are closed only while the cannulæ are being inserted into the veins,—Barruel’s a. An a. for charging water with carbonic acid by the intermittent method. WG Bartlett’s clavicle a. An a. for treating fractures of the clavicle and dislocations of its outer end; adaptable to either side We shifting the-hand strap.—Bar well’s a. A device for making continuous traction on the foot, in imitation of the action of one or more muscles, for the correction of talipes. A fan-shaped piece of adhesive plaster, having several slits converging toward its apex, and a metallic ring secured to the apex, is adjusted to the sole of the foot; a strip of tin or zinc is made to encircle the limb above the swell of the calf, and secured in position with adhesive plaster; this metallic band is provided with rings at points corresponding to those from which the force is to be exerted; a piece of rubber tubing, adjusted by means of a chain, is stretched by means of hooks between the apex of the fan-shaped piece of plaster and the proper ring on the metallic band. [A,.276.]— Bauer’sa. 1. A device for making extension in cases of hip-joint disease by means of a key rack-and-pinion mechanism. It is attached to the shoe below, and takes its bearing by a perineal band above. 2. A wireframe filled in with wire gauze, fashioned like the posterior half of a pair of breeches, provided with foot-pieces for making extension by a screw-movement; used in hip-joint disease, also after operations on, or injuries of, the bones of the lower limbs.—Belndorff’s a. A stove resembling a marine condenser; used in pharmacies for furnishing boiling and distilled water, ete. [L, 77.]—Bonnafond's a. BONNAFOND’S EUSTACHIAN-TUBE INJECTION APPARATUS. (AFTER MATHIEU.) An arrangement of flasks communicating with the barrel of a syringe, for generating various gases and vapors and Injecting them into the Eustachian tube.—Bozeman’s a. A wooden framework that may be fastened toa table, furnished with pads and straps, for supporting: and’securing a woman in the knee-elbow posture durin operations for vesico-vaginal fistula, etc. The ch and head (with the face turned to one side) rest on an upholstered support.—Buck’s a. 1. An a. for applying elastic extension to the lower limb by means of a weight and pulley. A sticrup of adhesive plaster is attached to the sides of the limb and forms a loop below the foot; toa block of wood. pieced within the loop in such a manner as to spread it, thus making it clear the malleoli, is attached the cord to which the weight is attached, a rubber ring being interposed, The pulley is fastened to the bedstead. Counter-extension was originally made with a je band fastened to the head of the bedstead, as shown in the cut, but is now accomplished by simply elevating the foot of the bed. In cases of fracture of the thigh, four short coaptation splints are used. 2. An iron support, capable of attach- | m mt ica HVA! BOZEMAN’S SUPPORTING APPARATUS. ment to a bedstead, for suspending a limb.—Bunion a. Bigg’s bunion a., for making lateral traction on the great toe, consists of a delicate lever of Spring steel, with an oval ring at the centre to surround the bunion. The upper end is attached to the instep by a laced band, and the toe to the extremity of the spring by a piece of webbing.—Cardlo-vascular a. See Circulatory a.—Carriage-spring a. A name sometimes applied to a more or le complicated internal calcareous framework or skeleton which supers the arms in many of the Brachio;. [A, 359.]—Cireulatory a. Fr., appareil circulatoire, Ger., Kreislaufsapparat. It., apparecchio dell a cir col azione. The heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries, [L.]—Condensing a. See CONDENSER.—Continuous extension a. Fr., appareil à extension continue. Any extension a. which acts constantly (as by the action of an elastic material or a weight)—Copulatory a. That part of the generative a. which is concerned in copulation. [B, 100.]--Cystotomia cum apparatu alto. See Suprapubic cys- Toromy.—Cystotomia cum apparatu majore. See Median CYSTOTOMY, — Danvergne's a. An a. similar to the ancient am be @ v.); used for dislocations at the shoulder of long standing. [D, 76.]—Davis’s a. See Davis's SPLINT.—Desault’s a. See Desault’s SPLINT. —Dlapnogenousa. Fr., appareil diapnogène [Breschet]. See Sudoriparous a, —Diffusion a. Fr.. appareil à diffusion. Ger., Diffusions apparat. An a. for illustrating or taking advantage of the law of diffusion of gases (see DIFFUston). In the form shown in the, a cylindrical porous cell (like those used in galvanic batteries) is fixed by means of a rubber cork to the upper end of an upright gla tube. A bulb is blown near the lower end of the tube, and the end itself is drawn out to a fine point and bent upward, the bend being filled with colored water, If an inverted; ve el filled with hydrogen is held over the porous jar, the hydrogen will enter in faster than the air can pa out, So that the increased pre ure in the cell will force the colored water out in the form of a jet through the fine end of the tube. [A, 9.]—Digestive a. Fr. appareil digestif, Ger., Verdauungsapparat, It., apparecchio dell a digest i one. ea a para to digestivo, The parts concerned in digestion; the mouth, teeth, salivary glands, iter cesophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas, [L, 44.]—Distilling a. See DisTILLaTion.—Electro-magnetic a. Tey @ pareil électro-magnétique. An a. in which a bar of soft iron is converted into an artificial magnet by the action of a current of electricity. [B.|—Encephalic a. Fr., appareilencéphalique. See ENCEPHALON.—Enema a. See SYRINGE—Esmarch°s a. See Esmarch’s BANDAGE.—Evacuating a. See EvACUATOR and Stomach-prmp.—Extension a. Lat., a. pro extensione, Fr., eat à extension. Ger., se Streckapparat. It., aprecchio ad est ens i one. An a, for extending or sree part faee al a limb). See ExTENsION.—Female genital a. 4 Appareil génital de la femme. Ger., weiblicher Geschlechtsapparat. BIGG’S BUNION APPARATUS, O, no; 02, not; 0%, whole; Th, thin; Th?, the; U, like oo in too; U2, blue; US, lull; U4, full; U®, urn; US, like ü German). The internal, external, and acce ory genital organs of the female; also, from an obstetrical point of view, the pelvis. [A, 15.]—Filamentous a., Filitorm a. Fr., appareil menteux. A Reale iar structure observed in the upper part of the embryonal vesicles in certain plants just before the period of fecundation. It is formed by a transformation of the vesicular contents into a series of granules, disposed in lines radiating from the summit of the vesicle, the lines gradually becoming tinted and the substance between them a uniing the form of filaments which can be di ociated from one another by teazing with a needle. [B, Ayah N NN N BUCK’S EXTENSION APPARATUS. Maen ea 121.)—Fox’s a. An a. for fracture of the clavicle, consisting of à pad in the axilla and an arrangement to adducting the arm and suspending the wrist from the opposite shoulder, — Fränkel’s a. A pneumatic a. arranged in the shape of an accordion. [E.]-Freezing a. See ATOMIZER—Frigorific a. Fr., appareil Sri gori fique. A term applied to the sympathetic nerves, because they contain vaso-constrictor fibres stimulation of which causes contraction of the arterioles and consequent lowering of temperature in the parts supplied by them. [K, 31.J—Fryer’s transfusion a. modification of Aveling’s transfusion a., havin; two bulbs instead of one, and the whole a., except the terminal cannulæ and_ sto] ks, being made of one continuous pl of rubber, [B. E. Fryer, “* Med. Record,” Apr. 15, 1874.|—Fuimigation a. See Fumicator.—Gastro-vascular a. Fr., appareil gastro-vascula ire. A system of tubes, terminating in blind extremities, connected with the stomachs of certain gasteropods, by means of which the nutriment is distributed through the body, [L, 158.]—Gei ler’s a. 1. See Gei ler’s TUBES. 2. A device for determining the quantity of carbon dioxide present in a carbonate by ascertaining the weight lost by the salt on the addition of an acid. It consists of three parts, À, B, and C. C is ground so as to fit into A by an air-tight feist; bc is a gla tube, open at both ends, its lower end fitting into C by a noi ground water-tight, and is kept in ‘ition by means of a movable cork; the joints formed by the per- ‘orated stopper, e, are air-tight. Having been weighed, the substance to be decomposed is put into the flask, A, water is added as shown in the cut, and the substance is shaken toward the side of the flask. C is now filled nearly to the top with dilute nitric or By anos chloric acid, by means of a pipette, without na the tube, b. B is rather more than half filled with concentrated sulphuric acid, and b is closed at the top PY placing over it a small piece of rubber tubine with a gla rod fitted into the distal end. After weighing the whole, the decomposition is effected by opening 6 a little, causing acid to pa from C into A; the carbon dioxide pa es through the BUCK’S SUSPENSION APPARATUS, bent tube, h, into the sulphuric acid, by which it is dried, and i ues at d. When the decomposition is effected. A is gently eated, the stopper is removed from b, and the carbon dioxide still present is sueved out at d. After cooling, the a. is weighed again, and the lo of weight is that of the carbon dioxide expelled. [A, 9.]—Generative à genital a. Fr., appareil de la génération. Ger. Geschlechtsapparat. It., apparecchio dell a generazione. Sp., a para to genital. The organs of generation in either sex; also, according to Bichat, the fecundated ovum. {hs 41.|—Genito-urinary a. Fr., appareil génito-urinaire. Ger., Urogenital apparat. A collective term for the generative and urinary a'es.—Gustatory a. Fr., appareil du gout. Ger., Geschmacksapparat. | It., apparecchio dt to. The terminations of the nerves of taste in the mucous memrane of the tongue. [D, 76.|—Helmbholtz’s a. See Helmholtz’s GALVANOMETER.—Hodgen’s a. A modification of Smith’s anterior splint.—Hudsou’s a. A supporting a. for the fingers and hands in cases of wrist-drop, furnished with springs and to be attached to the forearm and hand. [A, 2/6.)—Immobilizing a. Fr., app are it @immobilisation. Ger., Immobilisirungsapparat. It., apparecchio d'immobilizzazione. Any a, or dre ıg designed to render a part nearly or-quite immovable. [D, 76.])—Immovable a. Fr., appareu movibile. linamovible. Ger., per man enter Apparat. It., appareechio ina-; See Starch gnuwm and Pfizster—of-}}aris BANDAGE.—Induction a. Aua. for the employment of induced electricity. [L. See Induced ELECTRICITY an