earthwork (erthwerk)

[ exist, those near high mountain-ranges, and those where the rocks are of recent geological age, and are much dis- turbed or uplifted. Such regions are the vicinity of the Mediterranean, the shores of the Pacific and the adjacent islands, the neighborhood of the Alps, and the East India AS. corthweorc (= D. aardwerk = G. erdwerk = islands. Regions not liable to seismic disturbances are the whole of northeastern North America, the east side of South America, the north of Asia, and a large part of Africa. An earthquake-shock is a wave-like motion of a part of the earth's crust, and, in the words of Hum- boldt, is one of the ways in which the reaction of the in- terior of the earth against its exterior makes itself mani- IMG:content-0162.png:[blocks in formation] the Mediterranean, with short intermi ions, for several months. On November 18th, 1755, the most violent shock occurred which has been felt in New England since its settlement by the whites. One of the most destructive earthquakes of recent occurrence was that which took place on the island of Ischia near Naples, July 28th, 1883, by which over 2,000 persons perished. By the earthquake at Mendoza, South America, on the 20th of March, 1861, over 12,000 persons lost their lives. A violent earthquake, most destructive in Charleston, South Carolina, and vicinity, occurred on the night of August 31st, 1886. See seis mic, seismometer, and volcanism. Whan the Jewes hadden made the Temple, com an Erthe quakeng, and cast it doun (as God wolde) and destroyed alle that the i had made. Mandeville, Travels, p. 84. And all the yle ys sor trobled with the seyd erthe quake Dyvse tymes. Torkington, Diarie of Eng. Travell, p. 18. It was calculated. by Sir C. Lyell that an earthquake which occurred in Chili in 1822 added to the South-American continent a ma of rock more than equal in weight to a hundred you sand of the great pyramids of Egypt. Huxley , Physiography, p. 187. Earthquake-shadow, that part of the earth's surface which is in some degree protected from an advancing earthquake-wave by of range, hill, ravine, or other arrangement of the geological formation which offers an obstacle to its pa age.