Cialdini (chal-dē ́nē), Enrico, Duke of Gaeta

Born at Castelvetro, Modena, Italy, Aug. 8, 1811: died at Leghorn, Sept. 8,1892. An Italian general, politician, and diplomatist. He served with distinction in the campaigns of 1860-61, and was amba ador to France 1876Church ill, Randolph Henry Spencer (called 1879 and 1880-81. Cicacole judges who condemned Gonzalo Pizarro and Carvajal to death. From Jan., 1550, to Sept., 1551, he governed Peru as president of the audience. Cibalæ (sib'a-lē), or Cibalis (-lis). In ancient geography, a town in Pannonia, near the modern E eg in Slavonia. Here, in 314, Const an tine defeated Licinius. Cibao (sē-bä'ō). [Probably from the Indian word ciba , a stone or rock.] A mountainous region in the central part of the island of Santo Domingo. At the time of the conquest it was included in the province of Maguana, governed by Caonabo. The Indians told Columbus that gold was found there, and he supposed it to be the Cipango (Japan) of Marco Polo. Ojeda entered this region in March, 1494, and a considerable amount of gold was obtained there. Cibber (sib'er), or Cibert (sē'bert), Caius Gabriel. Born at Flensborg, in Holstein, 1630: died at London, 1700. A Danish sculptor, resident in England, the father of Colley Cibber. Cibber, Colley. Born at London, Nov. 6, 1671: died there, Dec. 12, 1757. An English actor and dramatist, son of the sculptor C. G. Cibber by his second wife, Jane Colley. He began his career as an actor about 1690, his first recorded appearance being in 1691 at the Theatre Royal, and subsequently played a large number of parts, of many of which he was the original. Among his plays are "Love's Last Shift" (1694), "She Would and She Would Not" (1702), "The Carele Husband" (acted 1704), "The Double Gallant" (1707), "The Provoked Husband" (1728), "The Non-Juror" (acted 1717), etc. He altered and adapted "Richard III." and "King Lear," and other plays, the former keeping the stage for a century. In 1730 he was appointed poet laureate. Pope attacked him under the name of "Dulne " in the "Dunciad" (1741). His "Apology for his Life" was published in 1740. Cibber, Mrs. (Susannah Maria Arne). Born at London, Feb., 1714: died at Westminster, Jan. 30, 1766. Á noted English actre and singer, wife of Theophilus Cibber and sister of Thomas Arne. Her first appearance was at the Hay market in 1732, in the opera "Amelia" by Lumpé, and her reputation was for several years chiefly founded upon her singing. In 1736 she made her début as a tragic actre in the part of Zarah, in Hill's version of Voltaire's "Zaïre,' and rapidly became famous. Cibber, Theophilus. Born Nov. 26, 1703: perished in a shipwreck in the Irish Channel, Oct., 1758. An English actor and dramatist, son of Colley Cibber. He wrote "The Lover” (1730), "Patie and Peggy, or the Fair Foundling" (1730), "The Harlot's Progre , or the Ridotto al Fresco" (1733), "The Auction" (1757), etc. He published an alteration of "Henry VI." In 1734, he Susannah Maria Arne, afterward famous as an actre . She abandoned him a few years later. Cibber was a man of unsavory reputation. Cibobé (sē-bō-bā'). [Tehua of northern New Mexico.] A mythical place, probably some spring or lagoon in southern Colorado, where, according to the traditions of the Tehuas, their ancestors i ued from the interior of the earth to begin their wanderings over its surface. It is the mythical cradle of the tribe. Cibola (sē'bō-lä). [Origin unknown.] The name given by Fray Marcos of Nizza to the cluster of villages occupied by the Zuñi tribe in 1539. He heard the word in Sonora, and it may have been a corruption of Shiuona , the Zuñi name for the range held by that tribe. Cibot (sē-bō'), François Barthélemy Michel Edouard. Born at Paris, Feb. 11, 1799: died at Paris, Jan. 10, 1877. A French painter, noted especially for historical subjects and landscapes. Cibot, Pierre Martial. Born at Limoges, France, 1727: died at Peking, China, Aug. 8, 1780. A French Jesuit, mi ionary in China. He was the author of many di ertations and treatises, comprised in the "Mémoires concern ant l'his to ire des letCibrario (chē-brä'rē-ō), Count Giovanni Antonio Luigi. Born at Turin, Feb. 23, 1802: died at Salo, Brescia, Italy, Oct. 1, 1870. An Italian jurist, historian, and politician, cabinet minister 1852-56. He wrote "Storia dell a monarch i a di Savoia" (1840-47), "Origin i e progre i delle instituzioni tres, sciences et arts de la Chine." dell a monarch i a di Savoia" (1854-55), "Della economia politic a del Medio Evo" (1842), etc. Cibyra (sib'i-rä). [Gr. Kupa . An ancient of Phrygia, Asia Minor, the modern Khor zum: called Cibyra Magna , to distinguish it from a smaller town of the same name in Pamphylia. Its ruins comprise an odeum, 175 feet in diameter, with thirteen tiers of seats visible above ground. The front wall is noteworthy, and is practically complete: it has five arched doorways between two square ones. There is also an ancient theater of some size and considerable interest, and a stadium, in part excavated from a hillside. There are twenty-one tiers of seats in marble, which remain in place around the curved end. There was a monumental entrance, consisting of three lofty arches. British India, situated on the Nagavulli in lat. 18° 20′ N., long. 83° 52′ E. Cicely Homespun Cicely Homespun. See Homespun . Cicero. A surname given to Johann, elector of Brandenburg 1486-99, on account of his elo quence. Cicero (sis'e-rō), Marcus Tullius. Born at Arpinum, Italy, Jan. 3, 106 в. с.: a a inated near Formiæ, Italy, Dec. 7, 43 в. с. A celebrated Roman orator, philosopher, and states man. He served in the Social War in 89; traveled in Greece and Asia 79-77; was questor in Sicily in 75; асcused Verres in 70; was edile in 69; pretor 66; and as consul suppre ed Cat i line's conspiracy in 63. He was banished in 58, living in The alonica, and was recalled in 57. He was proconsul of Cilicia 51-50; joined the Pompeians in 49; lived at Brundisium, Sept., 48, Sept., 47; pronounced the Philippics against Antony 44-43; and was proscribed by the Second Triumvirate and slain in 43. Of his orations 57 are extant (with fragments of 20 more), including "Against Verres" (six speeches, 70 B. C. five of these were never delivered), "Against Cat i line" (four speeches, 63 B. C.: see Cat i line ), "For Archias" (62 в. с.), "Against Piso" (55 в. с.), “For Milo” (52 в. с.), "For Mar cell us" (46 B. c.), and "Philippics" (which see). His other works include "Rhetoric a," "De oratore," "De republic a," "De legibus," "De finibus bonorum et malorum," "Tusculanse dis put at i ones," "De natura deorum," "Cato major," "De div in at i one," "Lælius," "De officiis" (see these titles), etc. There are, besides, four collections of his correspondence. He also wrote poetry, including an epic on Marius. IMG:content-0346.png:[blocks in formation] composition, but he never Super took an anal is tic work and translated tragedies of mentariolum petition is, a mi ive addre ed to his brother Marcus, composed early in 690/64, and a few letters. Teuffel and Schwabe , Hist. Rom. Lit. (tr. by G. C. W. [Warr), I. 324. Cicogna (che-kōn'yä), Emmanuele Antonio. Born at Venice, Jan. 17, 1789: died at Venice, Feb. 22, 1868. An Italian historian and archæologist. He wrote "Delle inscrizioni Veneziane" (1824-53), etc. Cicognara (che-kōn-yä'rä), Count Leopoldo. Born at Ferrara, Italy, Nov. 17, 1767: died at Venice, March 5, 1834. An Italian antiquarian and diplomatist, author of "Storia dell a scul tura" (1813-18), etc. Cid (sid; Sp. pron. theTH), The: called also El Campeador (käm-pe-ä-dor') (Ruy or Rodrigo Diaz de Bivar). [ Cid , Sp., representing Ar. Seyyid, master: el Campeador , Sp., the champion or challenger.) Born at the castle of Bivar, near Burgos, Spain, about 1040: died at Valencia, Spain, July, 1099. The principal national hero of Spain, famous for his exploits in the wars with the Moors. The title of Cid , by which he is almost always known, is often said to have come to him from the remarkable circumstance that five Moorish kings or chiefs acknowledged him in one battle as their Seid , or their lord and conqueror and the title of Campeador, or Champion, a umed to have been given to him as a leader of the armies of Sancho the Second, has long since been used almost exclusively as a mere popular expre ion of the admiration of his countrymen for his exploits against the Moors. At any rate, from a very early period he has been called El Cid Campeador , or The Lord Champion.