Manetho

(250 B.c.) is credited with a legend of the expulsion of a leprous people, which is “of uncertain origin, and not Egyptian.” No monument yet found speaks of Israel in Egypt; but the Hyksos rulers, and their Asiatic subjects, were expelled about 1700 Bc, The only po ible allusions to Hebrew history refer to Israel as in Palestine between 1480 and 1270 B.c. Joseph us rejects as incredible the accounts of Manetho, and of unknown writers named Cherémon and Lysimachus, saying that they disagree, and regarding their A me no phis (a succe or of Rameses) as fictitious. The supposed summary of Egyptian history in this age, by Sextus Julius African us—a Libyan who lived in Palestine, and became bishop of Alexandria, in our 3rd century—is known to us only by quotations in the works of George the Syncellus, as late as 800 A.c. Such literature has no value, and the only authority for an Exodus having occurred is the Old Testament tradition, Ey. In Keltik speech an “island,” ‘his is apparently an old _ word: Egyptian ot: Hebrew ai; for an “island,” or “shore land ”— _ found also in Turanian speech. Eye. The English word is from the Aryan root Ak “to see.” In the symbolism of religions the eye is a favourite emblem; and as there is a good and also an evil serpent, so too there is a divine eye, _ and an evil eye: the soft sweet glance of love, and the withering look of the envious: the eye of Osiris in Egypt, and the evil eye of _ Akkadian magic texts, All early peoples believed that they saw the soul in the eye, which is the great revealer of the inmost thoughts and pa ions. The eye of the witch, and of the gipsy, have always been dreaded, like that of the Najar, or Drishta, in India, Many are the charms, Mantras, and fetishes, required to ward off the evil brought by the eye. The Italian still believes that all misfortunes come from the “mal occhio,” or evil eye (see Rivers of Life, and the posthumous work by Mr Westropp—for which we wrote a preface in 1885—on Primitive Symbolism). “The man with the evil eye,” says Mr P. B, Joshi, “is not nece arily a cruel man, nor one bearing ill-will towards his victim ” (Journal Bombay Anthrop. 106